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배양된 흰쥐 뇌간 신경세포에서 5-Hydroxytryptamine 흡수에 대한 각종 전통 생약 추출물의 억제 효과
조현미,정전섭,이태희,손건호,서홍원,송동근,김영희,Cho, Hyun-Mi,Jung, Jun-Sup,Lee, Tae-Hee,Son, Kun-Ho,Suh, Hong-Won,Song, Dong-Keun,Kim, Yung-Hi 한국생약학회 1995 생약학회지 Vol.26 No.4
Crude methanolic(80%) extracts from 109 kinds of traditional herbal drugs were randomly screened for inhibitory effects on 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT) uptake in primary cultured rat brainstem neurons. Rat brainstem neurons were cultured from embryonic day 14, and maintained for 7-9 days in vitro. Clomipramine (500 nM), a reference drug, decreased 5-HT uptake to 16% of control values. Of the 109 herbal drugs screened, Citri immaturi Pericarpium(靑皮), Coptidis Rhizoma(黃蓮), Cnidii Rhizoma(土川芎) showed the most potent 5-HT uptake inhibiting activities. These herbal drugs, at the concentration of $10{\;}{\mu}g/ml$, inhibited 5-HT uptake 69, 69, and 57% respectively, when inhibition(%) was expressed as a relative value compared to the 500 nM clomipramine-induced inhibition.
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로마 황제숭배의 그리스적 전통과 전개양상에 관한 검토 - 그리스계 자치도시를 중심으로 -
조현미(Hyun Mi Cho) 한국서양사학회 2002 西洋史論 Vol.0 No.72
A Study on the Establishment of Imperial Cult in Roman Greece The cult of the Roman emperor worship was alien to traditional Roman religion. It was imported from the Greek world. The Roman absorbed, modified, and propagated the essential concept of the dynastic cult of the ruler in the Hellenistic world. It is with Augustus that we properly begin the history of ruler worship at Rome. The ruler worship taught men to accept a saviour who partook of the elements of both godhead and humanity. In this paper I want to verify that ruler worship was not only a religious issue diverted to political purposes but also a cultural force as a product of mutual relationship between Greek subject and Roman ruler in ancient world. Ruler cult arose naturally within the context of Greek ideas of cult and divinity, reflecting concepts fundamental to the religious mentality of Greek polytheism. Precedents exsisted in archaic and early classical Greece. Heroizing of historical figures in the sixth and fifth centuries B.C. provided the immediate background to the rise of the ruler cult at the end of the peloponnesian War. After Alexander the Great the Hellenistic Kingdoms based on notion of a divine King. The divine cults of the Hellenistic age were formulated by the Greeks as the giving of thanks to benefactors. Hellenistic kings were worshipped because they were doners, saviours from danger, founders, and not primarily because they were kings. There were great changes in the course of Hellenistic period in many areas of political, social and religious life and one can not treat the time between Alexander and Augustus as a single unit, Numerous political changes in situation made varied idea. In particular, ruler worship was an established, accepted, and significant institution in the religion and politics of the Hellenistic world by the time th Romans began to impinge upon that world. An analysis of these divine cults which locates them very firmly in their contemporary religious and political contexts fall into four chronological sections. Firstly, the initial uses of divine cults of mortals in the late 5th and 4th centuries B.C. and their prevalence in the third century; secondly the cults of Roman power in the 2nd and 1st centuries B.C. ; thirdly, the public cults of Greek citizens in the 1st century B.C. These cults formed a way for the Greek cities to represent to themselves their new masters in a traditional guise. And finally the coming into being of principatus made fading away already established form and allowed adventus of new Roman imperial cult. The reign of Augustus marked the end of all new public divine cults of individuals. The emperor alone was supreme. In case of eastern province, especially in the Greek city, Roman imperial cult was developed without permission of central government. And it combined with traditional religion of that region. So it showed many diversity. In Greek city it succeeded to Hellenistic tradition and functioned keeping vested rights of elite and social integration through communal ritual. Price seeks the cause in that in Greek community the imperial cult was effective measure to preserve power of established upper class. Despite the thinness of Roman administration, power lay with Rome and the communal cities had constantly to negotiate their position in the world. Frischer, emphasized that we should distnguish our Judaeo-Christian view of the man-god relationship from that of the Romans, Greeks and other pagan peoples. For the Romans, god was very human, differing more in quantity than in quality from humans. It was easy to worship as gods some humans like Augustus, who quantitatively far surpassed the norm in terms of wealth and power. The imperial images and ritual associated with them were part of standard treatment of the emperor as a god. Imperial statues served as places of refuge, not only in Rome but also in the provinces. The image of the emperor, despite being partially controlled by
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온라인 정신건강 간호학 수업에서 플립러닝을 활용한 실시간 하브루타 교수법 경험
조현미(Hyunmee Cho),권영채(Youngchae Kwon) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2022 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.22 No.15
목적 본 연구는 온라인 정신건강 간호학 수업에서 플립러닝을 활용한 실시간 하브루타 교수법의 경험을 알아보기 위한 현상학적 연구이다. 방법 본 연구는 간호학과 재학생 8명이 2021년 3월 3일부터 4월 23일까지 자료수집을 위한 개별 심층면담에 참여하였다. 수집된 자료는 경험의 본질과 의미를 탐색하는 Colaizzi의 현상학적 분석방법을 사용하였다. 결과 자료의 분석결과 4개의 주제모음과 주제가 드러났고 4개의 주제는 다음과 같다.:(1) 오래 기억되게 하는 수업, (2) 흥미와 의욕을 높이는 수업, (3) 시간의 부족, (4) 일부 수업방식의 개선을 바람. 특히, 연구 참여자들은 본 교수법을 통해 배울 때 더 오래 수업내용이 기억에 남는 가는 걸 알게 되고 앞으로도 본 교수법과 같은 교육방법을 활용한 수업이 더 많아지기를 희망했다. 결론 이번 연구는 하브루타 교수법과 같은 자기주도적이고 학습자 중심의 교수법이 간호학과 학생들의 학습 효율성을 높이고 학업에 대한 흥미를 자극할 수 있음을 입증했다고 볼 수 있다. 더욱이 COVID-19 대유행이 끝난 후에도 대학에서의 온라인 학습이 증가할 것으로 예상되고 있어 그에 맞게 기존의 수업 방식을 변화시켜 적정 교수법을 찾아 기대되는 학습효과를 이끌어 내기 위한 노력이 필요하며 그러한 과정에서 본 연구의 수업 사례가 기초자료로 활용될 수 있다는 점에서 학문적, 실천적 함의를 가진다고 볼 수 있다. Objectives In this study, phenomenological research was conducted to examine real-time online experience with the Havruta teaching method and application of flipped learning in a psychiatric nursing class. Methods In this study, eight students currently enrolled in their third year of a nursing program participated in individual in-depth interviews for data collection from March 3 to April 23, 2021. The collected data were analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method of analysis to explore the nature and meaning of experience. Results Ten meaningful themes were derived through the real-time online experience with the Havruta Teaching Method and application of flipped learning in a psychiatric nursing class. The four theme clusters follow: (1) a teaching method that aids in longer memory retention, (2) a teaching method that boosts interest and motivation, (3) the shortage of time, and (4) a desire for improvement in parts of the lecture. In particular, the study participants noticed longer memory retention of learning material and hoped to have more classes utilizing the same instructional method in the future. Conclusions This study demonstrated that self-driven, learner-centered teaching methods, such as the Havruta teaching method, can improve nursing students’ learning efficiency and stimulate their academic interest. Furthermore, as online learning in universities is predicted to be on the rise even after the end of the COVID-19 pandemic, efforts will be needed to modify existing teaching methods accordingly and establish appropriate ways to promote the anticipated learning outcomes.
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조현미(Cho, Hyeonmi) 한국실내디자인학회 2013 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.22 No.1
The primary purpose of this research was to set up the standard guidelines for the planning of interior architectural environments of the detention facilities at the Korean Police Stations. By visit-studying the actual interior environmental conditions of 5 different kinds’ domestic Correcting Facilities and 5 domestic police detention facilities and 2 foreign police detention facilities, comparing them to the existing Korean correctional institutions’ cell facilities, that the strengths and weaknesses had been analyzed to extract the main concepts and the planning scheme for the Standard Korean Police Detention Facilities. By reserching the National human Right Commitee’s Anual Reports, three different indexes were picked out for those analysis : the Environmental control index, the Detention Service support index, the Environmental support index. These three indexes will be used as Key factors for the planning of interior architectural environments of the detention facilities at the Korean Police Stations.: ①the Environmental control index to establish the Space Program, the Spatial Hierarchy and the horizontal & vertical Security Blocks, ②the Detention Service support index for the central Environmental Control & Security System, the Secured Privacy for both detainees & police offices, ③the Environmental support index for the gender-respected segregation of cell zones, the psychological & physical safety design factors, the construction standards of all rooms in a detention facility. The result of this study should be used as the guidelines for “The Standard Plans and Regulations for the Korean Police Detention Facilities” to respect fundamental human rights.
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