기상레이더 강수량 추정 값의 댐 유역 홍수 유출모의 적용

조영현,우수민,노준우,이을래,Cho, Yonghyun,Woo, Sumin,Noh, Joonwoo,Lee, Eulrae 한국수자원학회 2020 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.53 No.3

본 연구에서는 국내 산지지형을 대표하며, 타 댐 유역에 비해 비교적 수문(수위/유량)관측소와 자료가 많은 용담시험유역에 기상레이더 강수량 추정 값(RAR)을 적용해 산지지형 댐 유역에서 강우의 시공간적 변동성과 이에 따른 홍수량의 정확한 분석을 통해 홍수 시 댐 유입량의 정확한 산정 등에 활용할 목적으로 홍수 유출모의를 수행하였다. 모의에는 최근 5년(2014~2018년) 동안 발생한 비교적 독립적인 총 8개의 홍수사상을 적용하였으며, 모형은 HEC-GeoHMS와 ModClark 방법을 통해 분포형 강우를 적용할 수 있는 비교적 간단한 모형인 HEC-HMS를 활용하였다. 아울러 이 과정에서 레이더 강수량의 모형적용을 위해 NCL 및 Python 기반의 자료처리 스크립트 프로그램을 개발하여 활용하였다. 연구 결과로서 기상레이더 강수량 추정 값(RAR)이 관측에 비해 다소 과소 추정(R² 0.86)된 것을 알 수 있었고, 기존 지점관측 기반 유역평균 강수량을 사용한 방법과의 비교에서는 레이더 강수량을 적용한 모형이 유역의 강우-유출 도달시간 등과 관련된 매개변수 값의 큰 조정 없이도 홍수유출을 효율적으로 (8개모의 평균 E_NS 0.863, R² 0.873, 그리고 PBIAS 7.49%) 잘 모의하는 것을 파악할 수 있었다. In this study, we applied the Radar-AWS Rainrates (RAR), weather radar-based quantitative precipitation estimations (QPEs), to the Yongdam study watershed in order to perform the flood runoff simulation and calculate the inflow of the dam during flood events using hydrologic model. Since the Yongdam study watershed is a representative area of the mountainous terrain in South Korea and has a relatively large number of monitoring stations (water level/flow) and data compared to other dam watershed, an accurate analysis of the time and space variability of radar rainfall in the mountainous dam watershed can be examined in the flood modeling. HEC-HMS, which is a relatively simple model for adopting spatially distributed rainfall, was applied to the hydrological simulations using HEC-GeoHMS and ModClark method with a total of eight independent flood events that occurred during the last five years (2014 to 2018). In addition, two NCL and Python script programs are developed to process the radar-based precipitation data for the use of hydrological modeling. The results demonstrate that the RAR QPEs shows rather underestimate trends in larger values for validation against gauged observations (R² 0.86), but is an adequate input to apply flood runoff simulation efficiently for a dam watershed, showing relatively good model performance (E_NS 0.86, R² 0.87, and PBIAS 7.49%) with less requirements for the calibration of transform and routing parameters than the spatially averaged model simulations in HEC-HMS.

연구발표논문초록 ( 에너지 / 환경 (2) ) : 원전 2 차 계통수중의 용존산소 제거 공정연구

조영현,박승빈,배재홍,나정원,김용익 ( Y . H . Cho,S . B . Park,J . H . Bae,J . W . Na,Y . E . Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1989 추계학술발표회 Vol.- No.-

Google Earth Engine 기반 Sentinel-1 SAR 위성영상을 이용한 지표 토양수분량 산정 가능성에 관한 연구

조영현,Younghyun Cho 대한원격탐사학회 2024 大韓遠隔探査學會誌 Vol.40 No.2

With the advancement of big data processing technology using cloud platforms, access, processing, and analysis of large-volume data such as satellite imagery have recently been significantly improved. In this study, the Change Detection Method, a relatively simple technique for retrieving soil moisture, was applied to the backscattering coefficient values of pre-processed Sentinel-1 synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite imagery product based on Google Earth Engine (GEE), one of those platforms, to estimate the surface soil moisture for six observatories within the Yongdam Dam watershed in South Korea for the period of 2015 to 2023, as well as the watershed average. Subsequently, a correlation analysis was conducted between the estimated values and actual measurements, along with an examination of the applicability of GEE. The results revealed that the surface soil moisture estimated for small areas within the soil moisture observatories of the watershed exhibited low correlations ranging from 0.1 to 0.3 for both VH and VV polarizations, likely due to the inherent measurement accuracy of the SAR satellite imagery and variations in data characteristics. However, the surface soil moisture average, which was derived by extracting the average SAR backscattering coefficient values for the entire watershed area and applying moving averages to mitigate data uncertainties and variability, exhibited significantly improved results at the level of 0.5. The results obtained from estimating soil moisture using GEE demonstrate its utility despite limitations in directly conducting desired analyses due to preprocessed SAR data. However, the efficient processing of extensive satellite imagery data allows for the estimation and evaluation of soil moisture over broad ranges, such as long-term watershed averages. This highlights the effectiveness of GEE in handling vast satellite imagery datasets to assess soil moisture. Based on this, it is anticipated that GEE can be effectively utilized to assess long-term variations of soil moisture average in major dam watersheds, in conjunction with soil moisture observation data from various locations across the country in the future.

SWAT-CUP을 이용한 SWAT 모형 검·보정 III: 다중 관측 지점 및 변수를 고려한 분석

조영현,Cho, Younghyun 한국수자원학회 2020 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.53 No.12

In this study, a criteria for the SWAT model calibration method in SWAT-CUP which considers multi-site and multi-variable observations was presented. For its application, the SWAT model was simulated using long-term observed flow, soil moisture, and evapotranspiration data in Yongdam study watershed, investigating the hydrological runoff characteristics and water balance in the water cycle analysis. The model was calibrated with different parameter values for each sub-watershed in order to reflect the characteristics of multiple observations through one-by-one calibration, appropriate settings of model simulation run/iteration number (1,000 simulation runs in the first iteration and then 500 simulation runs for the following iterations), and executions of partial and all run in SWAT-CUP. The flow simulation results of watershed outlet point, ENS 0.85, R2 0.87, and PBIAS -7.6%, were compared with the analysis results (ENS 0.52, R2 0.54, and PBIAS -22.4%) applied in the other batch (i.e., non one-by-one) calibration approach and showed better performances of proposed method. From the simulation results of a total of 15 years, it was found that the total runoff (streamflow) and evapotranspiration rates from precipitation are 53 and 39%, and the ratio of surface runoff and baseflow (i.e., sum of lateral and return flow, and recharge deep aquifer) are 35 and 65%, respectively, in Yongdam watershed. In addition, the analytical amount of available water (i.e., water yield), including the total annual streamflow (daily average 21.8 m3/sec) is 6.96 billion m3 per year (about 540 to 900 mm for sub-watersheds).

侯孝賢의 『最好的時光』과 時空 探索

조영현(Cho Young-hyun) 한국중어중문학회 2008 中語中文學 Vol.43 No.-

It is widely recognized that director Hou Hsiao-Hsien's major works have reconstructed the last 100 years of Taiwanese history from its memory dimension into a new space-time dimension. Recently, director Hou has newly introduced memory on recent 100 years of Taiwan through 『Three Times』. Therefore the first purpose of this essay is to look over how the director Hou sees Taiwan and his film-world, also what he describes in it. Recently in an interview he said "Shooting a movie is to take people in the film. not to take criticism in it", also emphasized "shooting people in vivid". As if it reflected such view, 『Three Times』 shows different aspects of Taiwan. For example, while 'Taiwan trilogy' emphasize Taiwanese historic events and their sufferings through 100 years of modernization. Three Times』 shows existence form of each generation and their love through three episodes. Though all of the three episodes altogether contain love in limited space-time, each of them are different from each other in its generation's set of space-time and its use. The first episode deals with pure and eternal love, also shows relative time and disembedding. On the other hand, the seconde episode deals with premodern space-time, also deals with separation of space and place, appropriation of space or domination of space. The third episode describes division of love and also shows recursive time and space warp. Put it in another way, 『Three Times』 repeatedly deals with subject of love and makes fractal structure. Director Hou is dreaming of in-bet ween-existence becoming which dynamically makes new order by repeating self-organization and also varies uncountable differences through fractal concept which helps to understand structure and arrangement of human identity in self-organizing nature and life, culture, arrangement of social construct, and operating form. Above this, it also has ability of zygote that connects all stratums. Thus, this essay searched for concrete features of fractal love which director Hou dreams for, through space-time where love is being fulfilled.

두개저 척삭종에 대한 치료 전략

조영현(Young Hyun Cho),김정훈(Jeong Hoon Kim),강신광(Shin Kwang Khang),이정교(Jung-Kyo Lee),김창진(Chang Jin Kim) 대한두개저학회 2007 대한두개저학회지 Vol.2 No.1

Chordomas occur rarely in the skull base but are remaining challenge with respect to the management. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical results in an institutional series of this tumor and analyze the treatment outcome. Between 1991 and 2005, nineteen consecutive patients with pathological diagnosis of chordoma of the skull base were managed by multimodal treatment combining surgical resection with conventional photon radiotherapy and/or gamma knife radiosurgery (GKS). A retrospective analysis was conducted on these patients (aged 3 years to 69 years; mean age of 36.9 years; 15 females and 4 males; mean follow-up of 56.0 months). Total or near-total resection was achieved in 3 patients (15.8%), subtotal was done in 11 (57.9%), and partial in 5 (26.3%). Adjuvant radiotherapy and GKS were performed on 13 and 4 patients, respectively. Four deaths occurred during the follow-up: 2 resulted from progression of the disease and another 2 from other causes. The progressionfree survival at 3 years and 5 years was 61.5% and 40.0%. Among 15 survivors, 4 patients were suffering from severe disability with progressive disease. As the biological behavior of chordoma is such an aggressive one in the skull base, initial aggressive management should be directed combining maximum safe resection with high-dose radiotherapy such as proton beam radiation or radiosurgery.

장폐쇄증의 임상적 고찰

조영현(Young Hyun Cho),하우송(Woo Song Ha),박순태(Soon Tae Park),최상경(Sang Kyung Choi),홍순찬(Soon Chan Hong),한호성(Ho Seong Han) 대한외과학회 1992 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research Vol.43 No.3

척추 경막외 출혈에 대한 수술적 치료성적 분석

조영현 ( Young Hyun Cho ),박진훈 ( Jin Hoon Park ),김지훈 ( Ji Hoon Kim ),노성우 ( Sung Woo Roh ),김창진 ( Chang Jin Kim ),전상룡 ( Sang Ryong Jeon ) 대한외상학회 2010 大韓外傷學會誌 Vol.23 No.2

Purpose: Spinal epidural hematoma (EDH) is a rare condition requiring an urgent diagnosis and management. We describe here the clinical features, magnetic resonance image (MRI) findings, and outcomes of surgery in six patients with spinal EDH. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed six patients who underwent surgery for spinal EDH between April 2004 and May 2010. Preoperative MRI findings within 48 hours of symptom occurrence were analyzed for cord compression, extent of EDH, and presence of vascular abnormalities. Pre- and postoperative neurological status was also assessed comparatively. Results: Our six patients consisted of three men and three women, with a mean age of 70 years (range: 54-88 years), who presented with the back pain or motor weakness. The mean follow-up period was 34 months (range: 2-72 months). Two patients had cardiovascular disease and were taking warfarin, but the others had no history of medical comorbidity. Those two patients taking warfarin had a history of trauma, another one experienced symptoms during a strenuous effort, and the others developed spontaneously. Before surgery, motor power was grade III in three patients, grade 0 in two patients, and normal in one patient. Preoperative MRI showed no vascular abnormalities except for the EDH in any patient. At the last follow-up, all those five patients with motor weakness showed neurological improvement compared to their preoperative status. There were no complications related to surgery. All six patients were able to ambulate with or without an assistive device. Conclusion: Spinal EDH can occur in patients without trauma, bleeding diathesis, or combined vascular pathology. The surgical outcomes of spinal EDH seem to be satisfactory, even in quadriplegic patients. (J Korean Soc Traumatol 2010;23:163-169).

중국 근세 강남 도시의 네 가지 흐름

조영현(Cho, Young-Hun) 도시사학회 2011 도시연구 Vol.5 No.-

본 논문은 “중국 전근대 도시란 무엇인가?”라는 기본 질문으로부터 시작된 것으로, 명대 성곽 축조를 둘러싼 국가권력과 도시민의 이해관계를 검토하면서 강남 사회의 도시 유형을 양주, 소주, 남경, 시진의 네 가지로 정리한 것이다. 이러한 유형화를 통해, 도시란 곧 그곳에 살아가는 사람들에게 안보 및 치안의 문제를 해결해주는 곳이자 동시에 경제적 문제를 해결해주기에 가장 적합한 장소로 기능했다고 볼 수 있다. 적어도 중국에서 도시는 안보와 경제 문제를 가장 효과적으로 해결해주는 공간으로 기대되었다고 여겨진다. 성곽 축조 역시 도시민들에게 이러한 관점에서 수용되고 논의되었다. 양주는 대운하와 양자강이라는 장거리 유통망의 허브에 위치한 도시로, 외지에서 들어온 상인들이 도시 발전의 원동력을 장악했다. 그 결과 양주는 체류민 정체성이 강하게 부각되는 도시로 발전했으며, 축성 논의와 新城의 증설에 체류민들의 의지와 재정적 기여가 결정적인 영향을 미쳤다. 반면 소주는 송대 이래 항주와 함께 강남의 대표적인 경제·문화·행정의 중심지 역할을 감당했고, 도시의 주도 세력은 상인이 아니라 신사였다. 이른바 정착민 정체성이 강한 도시로, 왜구의 위협 속에서 축성론이 제기되었으나 성사되지 못한 배경으로 체류민을 압도하는 소주 정착민들의 영향력을 파악할 수 있다. 한편 남경이 가진 도시의 생명력은 명조의 수도라는 정치적 맥락에서 주어졌다. 하지만 1421년 북경으로의 천도 이후 남경은 명목상의 수도로 전락했고, 점차 남방지역에 대한 경제적, 군사적 통제의 중심지로 변모해갔다. 이후 강남 지역 전체에 대한 통합의 구심력은 소주에 물려주었으나, 군사적 거점으로서의 위상은 강하게 남아있어, 왜구의 침입 때에도 별다른 피해를 입지 않았을 뿐 아니라 더 이상 축성의 논의도 일어나지 않았다. 반면 시진은 정치적, 행정적인 의도와는 상관없이 자연발생적으로 성장한 경제 도시였다. 시진은 대부분 성곽이 없었으므로 왜구의 침입에 노출될 수밖에 없었다. 물론 행정 중심지로 포섭된 일부 시진에서는 여러 반대 여론에도 불구하고 성곽이 건설되었고, 일부 시진은 왜구의 침입으로 쇠퇴의 길을 걷기도 했다. 시진 사회에는 다분히 ‘자치적’인 요소가 많았으나, 시간이 흐를수록 시진 사회의 주도권이 보수적인 紳士에게 장악되어 갔으며, 국가 권력 역시 시진에 대한 통제력을 점차 확대해 갔다.

人蔘屬과 吾加皮屬의 Nucleobases 및 Nucleosides의 分析

조영현(Yung Hyun Cho),홍순근(Soon Keun Hong),박래정(Nae Jung Park) 한국식품영양과학회 1983 한국식품영양과학회지 Vol.12 No.1

人蔘과 五加皮中의 核酸系 成分을 HPLC로 分離 定量하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.<br/> 1. 동일한 원료수삼에서 제조한 白蔘과 紅蔘의 核酸遊離鹽基와 nucleoside의 조성이 거의 같았다.<br/> 2. 人蔘과 五加皮중의 nucleosides 함량에서 adenosine, guanosine, cytidine 등이 特徵的인 差異를 나타냈으며 人蔘屬이 約 3倍이상 많게 나타났다. 그러나 tymidine과 inosine은 五加皮屬이 다소 많았다.<br/> 3. nucleobase 함량면에서는 人蔘이나 五加皮間에 비슷한 함량으로 1~2㎎/100g를 함유했다. Nucleobases and nucleosides in Panax and Acanthopanax genus were determined by high-performance liguid chromatography. Chromatomatography was performed on a reversed-phase system with μ Bondapak C_(18) column using phosphate buffer and 80% methanol gradient. Content of each nucleobase in two genera was about 0-2㎎/100g. Panax was contained guanosine and/or adenosine ca. 15-22㎎/100 g;and Acanthopanax guanosine ca. 3-8㎎/100g and adenosine ca. 2-7㎎/100g. Considerable amounts of cytidine, uridine, inosine, and thymidine were also detected in two genera.