건강한 젊은 남성에서 일시적 타바타식 운동과 중강도 지속적 운동이 혈관기능에 미치는 효과 비교

박인구 ( In-goo Park ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),조민정 ( Min Jeong Cho ),김현정 ( Hyun Jeong Kim ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2020 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.38 No.3

Purpose: Regular moderate-intensity aerobic exercise confers immense vascular benefits, yet the lack of time remains the most common barrier to a regular exercise routine. A Tabata exercise is a type of high-intensity interval training exercise that is time efficient and has recently been demonstrated to improve cardiorespiratory fitness and metabolic profiles, but its benefits on vascular function still remain unclear. We tested the hypothesis that the Tabata-styled exercise would be as effective as moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) in improving vascular function in young healthy adults. Methods: Using a randomized, cross-over design, fourteen healthy men (age, 23.8±2.3 years; body mass index, 23.7±2.2 kg/m2) performed two acute exercise trials, separated at least by 72 hours: a modified Tabata-styled exercise (eight sets of 20-second exercise at 120% of maximal power output using a bike and 10-second rest, total 4 minutes) or a MICE for 30 minutes at a heart rate reserve of 40%-60%. Vascular function was assessed via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation and arterial stiffness (pulse wave velocity and augmentation index) at baseline and again at 60 minutes and 120 minutes after exercise. Results: Compared with MICE, a Tabata-styled exercise increased heart rate at 60 minutes (p<0.05). Both exercises improved vascular function to a similar extent, as evidenced by an increase in flow-mediated dilation and a reduction in arterial stiffness at 60 minutes and 120 minutes (p<0.05). Conclusion: These findings demonstrate that the Tabata-styled exercise is a time-efficient exercise strategy that is as effective as MICE in enhancing vascular function in healthy young men.

운동 직후 흡연이 젊은 성인 남성의 혈관기능에 미치는 영향

조민정 ( Min Jeong Cho ),김현정 ( Hyun Jeong Kim ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),( Kanokwan Bunsawat ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2021 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.39 No.4

Purpose: Recovery from exercise is a vulnerable phase that has been linked to increased susceptibility to sudden cardiovascular events. Cigarette smoking increases the risk of cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. We tested the hypothesis that postexercise cigarette smoking would attenuate hemodynamics and vascular function during recovery from exercise in young men. Methods: Thirteen habitual smokers (age, 22±3 years; body mass index, 25.1±3.6 kg/m²) participated in (1) cigarette smoking (0.6 mg nicotine) and (2) sham smoking (SHAM) immediately postexercise (30 minutes on a treadmill; 40% to 60% of heart rate [HR] reserve) in a randomized order. Assessments were hemodynamics (HR, rate-pressure product [RPP], brachial and central artery blood pressures) and vascular function (arterial stiffness via carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity [PWV]; conduit vessel function via brachial artery flow-mediated dilation [FMD]). All variables were assessed at baseline, 10 minutes, and 30 minutes postexercise, except for FMD (baseline and 30 minutes postexercise). Results: Compared with the SHAM trial, cigarette smoking increased HR, RPP, and brachial and central blood pressures postexercise (interaction, p< 0.05). PWV reduced and FMD increased postexercise in the SHAM trial, while cigarette smoking attenuated exercise-induced improvements (interaction, p< 0.05). Conclusion: Cigarette smoking attenuated hemodynamic recovery and an improvement in arterial stiffness and conduit vessel function in young habitual smokers, thereby providing evidence for the negative effects of cigarette smoking during recovery from exercise.

청감실험을 통한 철도소음의 자율신경 및 심혈관계통 영향도 연구

이재관(Jae Kwan Lee),윤은선(Eun Sun Yoon),장채미(Chae Mi Jang),제세영(Sae Young Jae),장서일(Seo-Il Chang) 한국소음진동공학회 2016 한국소음진동공학회 논문집 Vol.26 No.6

According to the conventional studies on the noise and cardiovascular effect, railway noise is better associated with hypertension and adverse cardiovascular events than road traffic noise. But the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the hypothesis that exposure to acute railway noise would the unfavorable effect of cardiovascular and autonomic system in healthy young subjects. Using a randomized, sham-controlled cross-over design, ten subjects were assigned to receive either an exposure to high speed train noise (84 ㏈) for 30 minutes or a control condition (non noise), separated by two days. Blood pressure, heart rate, augmentation index and heart rate variability as indices of cardiovascular and autonomic system function were measured at baseline, during, and recovery from two trials. The results show that exposure to acute railway noise significantly increased diastolic blood pressure and augmentation index, which may cause of adverse cardiovascular effects.

청감실험을 통한 철도소음의 자율신경 및 심혈관계통 영향도 연구

이재관(Jae Kwan Lee),윤은선(Eun Sun Yoon),장채미(Chae Mi Jang),제세영(Sae Young Jae),장서일(Seo-Il Chang) 한국소음진동공학회 2016 한국소음진동공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2016 No.4

Traffic noise is the biggest part of the environmental noise. Railway noise is better associated with hypertension and adverse cardiovascular events than road traffic noise, but the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. We investigated the hypothesis that exposure to acute railway noise would the unfavorable effect of cardiovascular and autonomic system in healthy young subjects. Using a randomized, sham-controlled cross-over design, ten subjects were assigned to receive either an exposure to high speed train noise (84dB) for 30 minutes or a control condition (non noise), separated by two days. Blood pressure, heart rate, augmentation index and heart rate variability as indices of cardiovascular and autonomic system function were measured at baseline, during, and recovery from two trials. The results show that exposure to acute railway noise significantly increased diastolic blood pressure and augmentation index, which may cause of adverse cardiovascular effects.

직무스트레스, 심폐체력, 심혈관계질환 위험인자와의 관련성

윤은선 ( Eun Sun Yoon ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2017 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.35 No.1

Occupational stress is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD), while cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) is associated with decreased risk of CVD. We tested the hypothesis that high occupational stress would be associated with increased cardiovascular risk profiles, but CRF may attenuate this association. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in 70 healthy office workers (male, 28; female, 42; mean age, 38±8 years). Occupational stress was assessed using a validated self-reported questionnaire. Total CVD risk score (sum of z-standardized residuals) was calculated by blood pressure, body mass index, lipid profiles and glucose. CRF was estimated by predicted equation during maximal treadmill exercise test. The results showed that an interpersonal conflict as an index of occupational stress was positively correlated with cardiovascular risk score (r=0.43, p<0.05). In contrast, Higher CRF was associated with lower occupational climate (r=-0.25, p<0.05) and total occupational stress score (r=-0.29, p<0.05). The total CVD risk score was similar between group with high stress but high fitness and group with low stress and high fitness (p>0.05). Furthermore, Participants with high stress but high CRF had lower cardiovascular risk score than those with high stress but low CRF (p<0.05). In conclusion, occupational stress is associated with an increased CVD risk, but CRF attenuated this association in office worker with increased occupational stress.

폐경 여성에서 출산 횟수와 당뇨병의 관련성과 모유수유 기간과의 상호작용

이선아 ( Seonah Lee ),최병호 ( Byongho Tchoe ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ),박상신 ( Sangshin Park ) 한국보건정보통계학회 2020 보건정보통계학회지 Vol.45 No.3

Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus and to examine the interaction effect of the breastfeeding period and parity on diabetes mellitus among postmenopausal women. Methods: The study was conducted on 4,053 women aged 50 or older who participated in the 5th Korea National Health and Nutrition Survey from 2010 to 2012. The parity was divided into two groups and the duration of breastfeeding was divided into three groups to be analyzed. Diabetes mellitus was defined according to a fasting blood glucose level (blood glucose level ≥126 mg/dL) or use of an anti-hypoglycemic agent or insulin. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to assess the relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus and the interaction effect of the breastfeeding period and parity on diabetes mellitus. The sociodemographic factors and health-related indicators, and women’s reproduction factors were adjusted to the model as confounding variables. Results: The relationship between parity and diabetes mellitus was statistically significant without adjusting for confounding variables (odds ratio, OR=1.73, 95% confidence interval, 95% CI=1.40-2.13, p<0.001). However, adjusting for confounding factors revealed that the relationship was not statistically significant (OR=1.08, 95% CI=0.79-1.48, p=0.633). As a result of analyzing the interaction terms between parity and breastfeeding period, the main effect of parity was statistically significant (p=0.034); but, the main effect of the breastfeeding period was not. The interaction term of the breastfeeding period and parity was statistically significant (p=0.042). Among women who breastfed for 0-6 months, those who had delivered 4-12 children had 5.56 times increased risk of diabetes mellitus compared with those who delivered 1-3 children. Conclusions: The association between parity and diabetes mellitus and the interaction between breastfeeding period and parity were statistically significant. Among women with short breastfeeding periods, the one who delivered more children had a higher risk of diabetes mellitus.

일시적 유산소 운동이 교감신경 활성화에 대한 중심동맥 혈압 반응에 미치는 영향: 무작위 교차설계 연구

조민정 ( Min Jeong Cho ),김영우 ( Young Woo Kim ),권정인 ( Jeong In Kwon ),김현정 ( Hyun Jeong Kim ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2021 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.39 No.1

Purpose: Acute aerobic exercise has been shown to attenuate brachial blood pressure (BP) reactivity to sympathetic activation, though whether it also attenuates central BP reactivity remains unclear. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of aerobic exercise would attenuate central BP reactivity to sympathetic activation. Methods: In a randomized crossover design, 15 healthy adults (23±0 years and 23±1 kg/m2) completed two trials; (1) acute aerobic exercise (30 minutes at 60% of heart rate reserve) and (2) sitting as a time control prior to the cold pressor test (CPT) in a randomized order. During the CPT, a hand was submerged up to the wrist in an iced water bath (4°C) for 3 minutes. Heart rate and brachial and central BP were measured at baseline, during and after the CPT. Results: Heart rate, and brachial and central BPs increased similarly during the CPT in both trials and returned to baseline after CPT (time effect, p< 0.05). However, brachial systolic BP reactivity to the CPT was attenuated in the acute aerobic exercise trial compared to control trial (interaction effect, p< 0.05). In addition, the magnitude of central systolic BP reactivity during the CPT was less increased in the acute aerobic exercise trial (Δ19.8 mmHg) versus in the control trial (Δ24.6 mmHg) (p=0.017). Conclusion: These findings demonstrated that acute aerobic exercise attenuated both brachial and central BP reactivity to the sympathetic activation, suggesting that aerobic exercise may have a favorable effect on central BP reactivity to the sympathetic activation in young adults.

성인 선천성 심장병 환자의 신체활동과 운동능력: 건강 대조군과 비교

김현정 ( Hyun Jeong Kim ),윤자경 ( Ja Kyoung Yoon ),김성호 ( Seong-ho Kim ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2020 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.38 No.4

Purpose: Advancements in surgical and nonsurgical care for congenital heart disease (CHD) have enabled an increase in survival into adulthood of these children with CHD, thereby contributing to the growth of the aging population, it is important to evaluate these functional outcome measures in adults with CHD. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the subjective and objective assessments of physical activity (PA) and exercise capacity (EC) in adults with CHD and age-matched, healthy controls. Methods: Forty-six adults with CHD (male, 26; age, 20.6±1.3 years) and forty-six healthy controls (male, 24; age, 21.2±1.6 years) underwent an assessment of subjective and objective PA levels using the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire and the accelerometer device (GENEActiv) worn on the wrist for seven consecutive days, respectively. EC was directly measured by peak oxygen uptake (peak VO₂) during a graded exercise test. Results: Subjectively and objectively measured of moderate to vigorous PA in adults with CHD were lower than those with healthy controls (p=0.008, p=0.004), while the majority of adults with CHD have achieved the recommended levels of PA (150 min/wk). In addition, peak VO₂ was lower in adults with CHD than in healthy controls (30.8±8 mL/kg/min vs. 46.7±10 mL/kg/min, p<0.001). Conclusion: Although the majority of adults with CHD meet the recommended levels of PA, their overall PA levels and EC are still lower than those of age-matched, healthy adults without CHD.

일회 수영운동의 건강한 성인의 혈압과 동맥경직도에 미치는 영향

윤은선 ( Eun Sun Yoon ),이선주 ( Seon Ju Lee ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2012 운동과학 Vol.21 No.1

수영은 대표적인 유산소 운동으로써 혈압 및 체중관리를 위해 권장되고 있다. 수영운동은 지상운동과 다른 혈액동역학적 반응을 나타내지만, 아직 수영운동의 혈판 기능 개선에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구는 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 건강한 성인을 대상으로 일회 수영 운동과 걷기 운동 후 혈압과 동맥경직도의 변화를 비교해 보고자 하였다. 건강한 성인 남녀 26명(평균나이: 21±2세, 체질량지수: 22±2 kg/m2)을 수영운동 그룹(n=12)과 걷기 운동 그룹(n=12)에 무선 배정하였다. 수영운동은 예비심박수 60-70% 강도로 남자 1,500 m, 여자 1,200m를 수행하였으며, 걷기운동은 수영운동과 통일강도로 30분간 실시하였다. 동맥경직도 지표로서 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도, 대통맥파형증폭지수를 측정하였으며, 모든 종속변인들은 각각의 운동전, 운동 후 20분, 운동 후 40분에 측정하였다. 걷기 운동 후 수축기 혈압과 이완기 혈압은 감소하였지만(p<.05), 수영운동 후에는 유의한 변화가 나타나지 않았다. 심박수 75박에서의 대동맥 파형증폭지수의 경우 수영운동 후 20분·에 유의하게 증가하였으나(-8.5土11.3 to -3.7±10.7%, p<.05), 걷기 운동 후에는 통계적으로 유의한 변화를 보이지 않았다(-7.17±11.19 to -5.54±l0.29%, p>,05). 경동맥-대퇴동맥 맥파전파속도의 경우 운동 후 20분에 수영운동 그룹에서는 중가하고 걷기 운동 그룹에서는 감소하였으나 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보이지는 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 걷기 운동에 비해 일회 수영운동은 혈압과 동맥경직도를 덜 감소시켰으며, 수영운동이 동맥경직도에 미치는 영향을 명확히 밝히기 워해서는 추후 장기간의 트레이닝 연구가 필요할 것으로 사료된다. Swimming is one of the aerobic exercise, most recommended forms for blood pressure and body weight control. Although the hemodynamic response to swimming may be expected to be different from the re5IXJnse to land-based exercise there is little information on the effects of swimming exercise on arterial stiffness. The purpose of this study was to compare the acute effects of swimming and walking as a control exercise on arterial stiffness in young subjects. Twenty-six healthy subjects (age 21±2 yrs and body mass index 22±2 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to either an acute bout of swimming exercise (n=14, 1,500 m for male and 1,200 m for female at 60~70% of heart rate reserve) or walking exercise (n=12, 30-minute at same intensity with swimming). Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and aortic augmentation index as indices of aortic stiffness were measured using applanation tonometry. All variables were measured at baseline, 20 and 40 minutes after each exercise. Walking exercise significantly decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressure (p<.05), but there was no significant changes following the swimming exercise. Aortic augmentation index was significantly increased following the swimming exercise 20 minutes post exercise (-8.5±11.3 to -3.7±l0.7%, p<.05), but did not significantly changes following the walking exercise. Carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity was increased after swimming exercise (6.75±0.89 to 6.98±0.66 m/s) and decreased after walking exercise (6.28±0.61 to 6.12±0.57 m/s) at 20 minutes post exercise, but changes were not statistically significant These findings suggest that relative to moderate intensity walking, acute swimming less decreases blood pressure and arterial stiffness. Further studies are needed to clarify the effects of long tem swimming exercise on arterial stiffness.

운동 프로그램이 비만 청소년의 경동맥 내중막두께와 상완동맥 혈관내피세포 의존성 혈관이완능에 미치는 영향

윤은선 ( Eun Sun Yoon ),정수진 ( Su Jeen Jung ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 한국운동생리학회(구-한국운동과학회) 2010 운동과학 Vol.19 No.2

본 연구의 목적은 비만 청소년을 대상으로 운동 프로그램이 혈관의 구조와 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보는데 있다. 비만 남자 청소년(연령 13-14세, 평균 체질량지수 30±3 kg/m2) 총 20명을 모집하여 운동군(n=10)과 통제군(n=10)으로 무선 배정하였다. 운동군은 중정도의 운동강도로 주 3회, 1회 운동 시간 60~90분의 운동을 12주간 실시하였으며, 통제군은 동일 기간 평소 생활습관을 유지하도록 하였다. 운동군과 통제군 모두 운동 참여 전, 후에 체성분 검사, 혈중지질, 인슐린 저항성, 심폐체력, 혈관내피세포 의존성 혈관이완능, 경동맥 내중막 두께를 측정하였다. 연구 결과, 운동 후 운동군에서 체중(p=.001), 체지방율(p=.004), 허리둘레(p=.001)가 유의하게 감소하였으며, 심폐체력(p=.001)이 유의하게 증가하였다. 또한 경동맥 내중막 두께 최대값(p=.043)이 유의하게 감소하였고, 상완동맥 혈관 내피세포 의존성 혈관이완능(p=.001)이 유의하게 증가하였다. 그러나 혈중 지질과 인슐린 저항성은 유의한 개선 효과를 나타내지 않았다. 이상의 결과를 종합해 보면, 비만 청소년을 대상으로 12주간의 운동 참여는 체성분 개선 및 심폐체력 향상과 더불어 혈관구조와 기능에 긍정적인 효과를 가져왔다. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of exercise training program on vascular structure and function in obese adolescents. Twenty obese adolescents (age 13-14 years, male, body mass index 30±3 kg/m2) were randomly assigned to an exercise training group (n=10) and a non-exercise control group (n=10). The subjects in the exercise training group performed supervised aerobic exercise programs with moderate intensity for 12 weeks, 60-90 minutes per session, 3 times per week. Brachial artery flow mediated vasodilatation and common carotid artery intima- media thickness(CIMT) were measured using B-mode ultrasound. There were significant decrease in body weight (p=.001), % body fat (p=.004), waist circumference (p=.001) and increase in cardiorespiratory fitness (p=.001) after 12 weeks exercise program. Maximal CIMT(p=.043), but not mean CIMT(p=.220), and brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation (p=.001) were significantly improved in the exercise group compared with the control group, while lipid profile and insulin resistance were not significantly improved in the exercise group. These data indicate that 12 weeks exercise training program reduced body weight, improved cardiorespiratory fitness and vascular structure/function in obese adolescents.