인동(忍冬)의 기철(忌鐵) 및 반철(伴鐵) 추출시(抽出時) 추출물(抽出物)의 변화(變化)

정덕자,정대화,장미희,박정아,김상찬,Jeong, Deok Ja,Jung, Dae Hwa,Jang, Mi Hee,Park, Chung A,Kim, Sang Chan 대한한의학방제학회 2020 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.28 No.3

Objectives : In case of herbs decoction, the ceramic or earthware pots was recommended, but not the metals, particularly iron or aluminum, which could cause unknown chemical reactions. In Korean Medical classics, it has been known that some herbs including Caulis Lonicerae Japonicae (CL) were not recommended to boil with iron pot. This study investigates the physical changes of extracts of CL with or without iron. Methods : CL was decocted with reflux cooling extraction system to prevent evaporation and volatilization. Content of polyphenol was detected by Folin-Denis method and the levels of loganin and chlorogenic acid were evaluated by UPLC. Results : The color of extract with glass beads (GB) is yellowish brown, and the iron beads (IB) is blackish brown. Polyphenol and chlorogenic acid levels were reduced in IB extracts. Conclusions : The color of extract was change to blackish brown, and polyphenol and chlorogenic acid levels were reduced in CL extract with iron. Therefore, iron pots is not suitable for CL extraction.

행복한 학교를 만드는 현실 요법

정덕자 한국카운슬러협회 2008 相談과 指導 Vol.43 No.-

인간 행동에 대해 관심을 가지고 연구한 많은 심리학자들은 다양한 이론으로 인간행동을 설명하고 있다. 잘 알려져 있듯이 정신분석학적 관점에서는 인간은 결정론적 존재로서 인간 행동은 생후 5년간의 비합리적인 힘, 무의식적인 동기, 생물적이고 본능적인 동기, 그리고 심리ㆍ성적 사건에 의해 결정된다고 보고 있으며, 전통적인 행동주의 관점에서는 인간은 환경의 자극에 반응하는 유기체로서 인간의 행동은 유전과 환경의 상호작용에 의해 형성되고 학습된 부정적 혹은 긍정적 습관으로 구성되며, 생활 환경이 제공하는 강화의 형태와 빈도에 의해 결정되는 것이라고 보고 있다. 또한 Carl Rogers의 인본주의 입장에서는 인간 행동은 자극적 조건에 의해 결정되어지는 것이 아니라 주관적 현실 즉 현상적 장에 의해 좌우된다고 보고, 인간은 자신의 고유한 가능성들을 건설적인 방향으로 성취하고자 하는 실현 경향성을 가지고 있으며 이것은 인간 행동의 최상의 동기로 간주되고 있다. 그러나 현실요법의 창시자인 William Glasser는 모든 인간은 반결정론적 존재로서 5 가지 기본적인 욕구를 가지고 태어났으며, 하나 혹은 그 이상의 욕구를 채우기 위해 끊임없이 행동한다고 보고 있다. 우리의 행동은 유목적적이고 유전인자 속에 뿌리하고 있는 인간의 기본 욕구를 만족시키기 위해 선택한 것이다. 인간이라는 생명체는 하나의 통제체제(control system)이며, 행동한다는 것은 우리들 자신을 통제하려고, 더 나아가 우리가 살고 있는 환경세계를 통제하기 위한 최선의 선택을 하려고 시도하는 것이라고 보기 때문에 이 이론을 선택이론이라고 부른다.(Glasser, 1992, 1996)

학교 컨설팅과 상담

정덕자 한국카운슬러협회 2013 학교상담전문가 자격연수 Vol.- No.1

컨설팅은 “일정한 전문성을 갖춘 전문가들이 의뢰인의 요청에 따라 조직의 문제와 기회 를 조사, 확인, 발견하며, 이것의 해결, 변화, 발전을 위한 방안과 대안들을 제시하고, 필요 한 경우 시행을 돕는 활동”(진동섭, 2003)이다. 이러한 컨설팅의 의미와 원리를 장학에 적용 한 것이 컨설팅 장학이다. 즉, 컨설팅 장학은 교원들의 전문성 계발을 위해 교원들의 요 청과 의뢰에 의해 전문성을 갖춘 사람들이 제공하는 자문 활동이다. 컨설팅 장학에서는 전문성을 갖춘 장학위원(컨설턴트)이 교원의 의뢰에 따라 이들이 직무 수행 상 필요로 하는 지식, 기술, 능력에 관해 진단하고, 그것의 해결과 계발을 위한 대안들을 마련하고, 그 과정 을 지원한다.

영화와 함께 만들어가는 따뜻한 교실, 행복한 학교

정덕자 한국카운슬러협회 2015 相談과 指導 Vol.50 No.-

시네마테라피

정덕자 한국카운슬러협회 2013 相談과 指導 Vol.48 No.-

1895년 뤼미에르 형제의 최초의 영화 ‘공장문을 나서는 노동자들’과 ‘시오라 역에 도 착하는 기차’는 단지 움직임이 있는 영상, 즉 동영상이라는 것 자체만으로 사람들에게 큰 충격을 주었다. 이후 영화 산업의 발달로 사람들은 영화를 즐기는 것이 삶의 큰 오 락이 되었고 영화를 통해 인생을 들여다보게 되었다. 영화가 정신분석과 심리학을 받아 들여 영화이론을 정립한 것은 1960년대이고 심리학이 영화를 받아들여 영화치료를 시 작한 것은 1990년대이다. 1895년에 발명된 영화라는 영역과 심리학 두 영역이 만난 것 은 60년 이상이 지난 후이고 예술치료분야에서 만나기까지는 100년 정도가 경과한 후 이다. 영화치료의 시작이 늦은 것은 테크놀로지의 문제가 개입되어 있기 때문이다. 우 리나라의 경우도 88올림픽 이후 모든 가정에 비디오 기기가 구비되기 시작하였고 동네 에 비디오 가게가 영상 도서관과 같은 역할을 하게 되었다. 공공시설에 프로젝트와 같 은 미디어 환경이 구축된 것은 2000년대 이후이다. 따라서 영화치료가 늦어진 것은 영 화가 덜 치유적인 매체라서가 아니고 미디어 환경과 연관된 기술적 걸림돌 때문이라고 할 수 있다. 영화치료는 상담과 심리치료에 영화 및 영상 매체를 활용하는 모든 방법을 지칭하는 용어이며 1990년 버그-크로스 등에 의해 처음으로 사용되었다.

NF-𝜅B 및 MAPK억제를 통한 지갈산(止渴散) 물추출물의 염증억제효과

정덕자,박상미,김상찬,Jeong, Deok Ja,Park, Sang Mi,Kim, Sang Chan 대한한의학방제학회 2021 大韓韓醫學方劑學會誌 Vol.29 No.4

Objectives : Jigal-san (JGS, 止渴散) has been used in East Asia including Korea, Japan and China for the treatment of breast inflammatory disorders and severe thirst. JGS originated from Euimunpalbeob (醫門八法; Yimenbafa) composed of Lonicerae Flos and Taraxaci Herba. According to previous studies Lonicerae Flos and Taraxaci Herba have an anti-inflammatory effect, respectively. But, there is no studies regarding on the effects of JGS in the immunological activities. The present study evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of JGS in vitro and in vivo. Methods : Cell viability was evaluated by MTT assay, and NO was evaluated by content of the nitrite content in culture medium. TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6 were quantified by ELISA. The protein expression of NF-κB, MAPKs, and iNOS were assessed by western blot analysis. Furthermore, the effects of JGS on acute inflammation were observed in rat paw edema model. Results : The JGS ameliorates the LPS-activated changes in the protein expression of NF-κB, p-JNK, and iNOS, as well as the production of NO and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In rat paw edema study, administration of 0.3 and 1.0 g/kg of JGS for 4 consecutive days inhibited the carrageenan (CA)-induced increases of edema and iNOS expression. Conclusions : These results demonstrate that JGS has anti-inflammatory effect in LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells through decreasing the production of inflammatory mediators, via suppression of the NF-κB and MAPK pathways (JNK, not p-38 and ERK). In addition, the results of the CA-induced paw edema indicate that JGS ameliorates an inflammatory edema. Therefore, the present study could provide scientific evidence for the anti-inflammatory effect of JGS as well as the underlying mechanisms.

구기 종목 선수의 등속성운동 비교

정덕자,양점홍,박평문 釜山大學校 附設 體育科學硏究所 1999 體育科學硏究所 論文集 Vol.15 No.-

The purpose of this study was to investigate the isokinetic strength in ball game players. For the purpose, the subjects were 15 male players(basketball 5, volleyball 5, handball 5)) in Pusan national university and isokinetic strength test of 15 subjects were proceed at test speed of the 60deg/sec, 90deg/sec, 250deg/sec by the CYBEX NORM system. The result of this study was as follows; 1. The peak torque of hamstring 1) In dominant limb, there was no significant at speed of 60deg/sec and 90deg/sec, but basketball and handball players were significantly higher than volleyball players at speed of 250deg/sec. 2) In nondominant limb, there was no significant at speed of 90deg/sec, but basketball and handball players were significantly higher than volleyball players at speed of 60deg/sec, and 250deg/sec. 2. The peak torque of quadriceps 1) In dominant limb, basketball and handball players were significantly higher than volleyball at speed of 60deg/sec and 90deg/sec, and basketball players were significantly higher than handball and volleyball players at speed of 250deg/sec. 2) In nondominant limb, basketball players were significantly higher than handball and volleyball players speed of 60deg/sec, and basketball and handball athletes was significantly higher than volleyball players at speed of 90deg/sec, and 250deg/sec. 3. The peak torque %BW of hamstring In the both dominant and nondominant limb, the result of peak torque %body weight of hamstring were showed no significant at speed of 60deg/sec, 90deg/sec and 250deg/sec among the groups. 4. The peak torque %BW of quadriceps In the dominant limb, there was no significant at speed of 60deg/sec, 90deg/sec, and 250deg/sec among the groups. In the nondominant limb, on the other hand, basketball players were significantly higher than handball and volleyball players at speed of 60deg/sec, but there was no significant at speed of 90deg/sec and 250deg/sec.

난소에 발생된 비종양성 낭성질환 및 종양질환에 관한 병리조직학적 연구

김영주,정덕자,정소영,정영숙 이화여자대학교 의과대학 1985 梨花醫學誌 Vol.- No.17

Clinopathologic studies were made on a series of 271 cases of non-neoplastic lesions and tumors of the ovary during the period of 2 years from 1983 to 1984. And the results were as follows: 1) The range of the age in the non-neoplastic ovarian cyst and ovarian tumor was most frequently from 21 years to 31 years. Mean age of non-neoplastic ovarian cyst was 29 years and that of tumors was 35 years. 2) In histological classification of non-neoplastic cyst, the corpus luteum cyst (68 cases, 54%) ranked first followed by simple serous cyst(34 cases, 30%). 3) Among ovarian tumors (145 cases), the teratoma(76 cases, 52%) ranked first followed by common epithelial tumors(61 cases, 42%). The mean age of germ cell tumor was the lowest age level as 31 years and that of sex-cord stromal tumor was the highest age level as 47 years among the ovarian tumors. 4) Among common epithelial tumor (61 cases), serous tumors were 30 cases (50%) and mucinous tumors were 29 cases (48%). 5) Among sex-cord stromal tumor(4 cases), thecoma were the most common as 3 cases. The dermoid cyst were the most common as 75 cases (99%) amonggerm cell tumor(76 cases).

MBTI 타당도에 관한 일 연구 : 성격진단검사와의 상관 연

김정택,정덕자 한국심리유형학회 1998 심리유형과 인간발달 Vol.5 No.1

본 연구에서는 MBTI의 타당도를 검증하기 위하여 505 명의 피험자를 대상으로 MBTI 실시 결과와 표준화 성격진단검사 결과와의 상관분석 및 일원변량분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과, MBTI 선호지표 중 E는 안정성, 지배성, 사회성, 남향성, 충동성, 우월성과, I는 사려성, 동조성, 임상척도 전부와, S는 책임성, 동조성과, N은 사려성과, T는 안정성, 지배성, 책임성, 사려성, 남향성과, F는 사회성, 동조성, 충동성, 신경질경향과, J는 책임성, 사려성, 동조성과, P는 사회성, 남향성, 충동성과 유의한 정적 상관을 보였다. 그리고 4 기능유형 중 ST는 책임성, 남향성이, SF는 동조성이, NT는 안정성, 지배성, 사려성, 남향성이, NF는 사회성, 충동성이 타유형에 비해 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 또한 4 기질 중 SP는 충동성, 동조성, 불안경향, 신경질경향이, SJ는 책임성, 동조성이 타기질에 비해 점수가 유의하게 높았으며 NT와 NF기질은 기능유형과 동일하게 나타났다. The purpose of this present study was to test the validity of MBTI (Myers-Briggs Type Indicator) through the relational analysis between MBTI and SPDI(Standardized Personality Diagnosis Inventory). There were 505 people involved in the study. This included 191 high school students, 199 college students and 115 adults. The experiment used on these people was MBTI and SPDI. The data was analyzed to see the relation between the traits of SPDI and four preference indicators of MBTI. The results of the study were as follows ; First, the E indicator of MBTI and SPDI, which include Emotional stability, Dominance, Sociability, Masculinity, Impulsiveness and Superiority, have high positive relations in the context of the relationships between the traits of SPDI and four preference indicators of MBTI. The same is true for the I indicator of MBTI and Reflectiveness, Conformity, Depression, Anxiety, Paranoid tendency, Autism, Nervousness of SPDI. The S indicator of MBTI and Responsibility, Conformity of SPDI have meaningful positive relations and the same is true for the relations between T indicator and Emotional stability, Dominance, Responsibility, Reflectiveness, Masculinity, F indicator and Sociability, Conformity, Impulsiveness, Nervousness, J indicator and Responsibility, Reflectiveness, Conformity, P indicator and Sociability, Masculinity, Impulsiveness. Second, referring to the differences between four function types of MBTI and SPDI, ST type is higher in Responsibility, Masculinity, SF type is higher in Conformity, NT type is higher in Emotional stability, Dominance, Reflectiveness and Masculinity, NF type is higher in Sociability, Impulsiveness more than any other type. Third, regarding the differences between four temperament types of MBTI and SPDI, SP temperament is meaningfully higher in Impulsiveness, Conformity, Anxiety, Nervousness of SPDI than any other temperament type. The same is true for SJ temperament in Responsibility, Conformity, NT temperament in Emotional stability, Responsibility, Reflectiveness, Masculinity, NF temperament in Sociability, Impulsiveness. The results synthesized from this study are as follows ; Four preference indicators of MBTI have very meaningful relations with the traits of SPDI, four function types and four temperament types of MBTI also have meaningful differences compared with the traits of SPDI. Therefore, the result of this study supports that MBTI based on the psychological typology by Carl Jung is a very useful instrument for human understanding.

기종성 신우신염 1예

김형길,오광제,정덕자,정동균,방규태,최웅승,백용아,최조영 대한감염학회 1991 감염 Vol.23 No.4

Emphysematous pyelonephritis is a rare, life treating necrotizing infection of renal parenchyme and perirenal tissue. The disease is encountered mainly in diabetics with or without urethral obstruction and is characterized by parenchymal necrosis and spontaneous gas formation. Herein we report a case of Emphysematous pyelonephritis which occurred in 45-year-old diabetic woman and caused by Enterobacter. The patient was managed with fluids, insulin and antibiotics, followed by incision and drainage and resulted in recovery.