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서울지역의 도축 소,돼지 지육에서의 잔류물질 비교 조사
임홍규 ( Hong Kyu Lim ),최태석 ( Tae Suk Choi ),윤은선 ( Eun Sun Yun ),이주형 ( Joo Hyung Lee ),기노준 ( No Joon Ki ),이정학 ( Jung Hark Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2003 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.26 No.2
This study was carried out to compare the antibiotic residues in the muscles of cattle and pigs from slaughter-houses in Seoul from 2000 to 2002 by EEC-4-plate, Charm Ⅱ and l-IPLC methods. The results were summarized as follows; 1. Residual materials were detected from 41 samples(0.6%) by EEC-4-plate method from random sampling and 38 samples(12%) by Charm Ⅱ method from directed sampling. 2. Violation rates were 0.3% by monitoring and 4.7% by surveillance program. 3. The 35 samples were classified as tetracyclines 30(86%), sulfonamides 4(11%), b-lactams 1(3%) and two samples simultaneously determined oxyteracycline plus sulfadimetoxine, and sulfamerazine plus sulfadimetoxine. 4. The highest residual concentration(ppm) of chiortetracycine, oxytetracyclirie, sulfamethazine, sufadimetoxine and penicillin were 0.5, 12.0, 6.4, 2.6 and 0.44, respectively.
보조계면활성제가 노닐페놀 에톡실레이트 계면활성제, 탄화수소 오일, 물로 이루어진 삼성분계의 상평형 및 동적거동에 미치는 영향
임홍규 ( Heung Kyoon Lim ),이슬 ( Seul Lee ),모다희 ( Da Hee Mo ),임종주 ( Jong Choo Lim ) 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.50 No.6
본 연구에서는 보조계면활성제 첨가가 nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP) 계면활성제, 물, 탄화수소 오일의 3성분으로 이 루어진 시스템의 평형 및 동적 거동에 미치는 영향을 살펴보았다. 실험에서 사용한 펜탄올, 옥탄올, 데칸올 등의 보조 계면활성제는 모두 소수성 첨가제로 작용하였으며, 소수성 증가 효과는 알코올의 사슬 길이 증가 및 첨가량 증가에 따 라 증가하였다. 계면활성제 시스템이 친수적인 조건에서는 비극성 오일의 종류에 상관없이 시간에 따라 오일의 크기 가 감소하였으며, 마이셀 용액에 의한 탄화수소 오일의 가용화는 diffusion-controlled 메커니즘이 아닌, interfacecontrolled 메커니즘을 따름을 확인할 수 있었다. 반면에 소수성 조건에서는 과포화로 인하여 일어나는 자발적 유화 현 상과 물과 계면활성제의 오일상으로의 확산으로 인한 오일의 크기 증가가 관찰되었다. 비극성 탄화수소 오일과 계면 활성제 수용액 사이의 시간에 따른 계면장력 측정 결과는 동적 거동 실험결과와 일치하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편 middle-phase 마이크로에멀젼을 포함한 3상이 형성되는 조건에서는 매우 낮은 계면장력으로 인하여 오일이 수용액 상 에 빠른 속도로 가용화되었고 작은 방울 형태로 유화되었다. In this study, the effects of cosurfactant on phase equilibrium and dynamic behavior were studied in systems containing nonylphenol ethoxylate (NP) surfactant solutions and nonpolar hydrocarbon oils. All the cosurfactants used during this study such as n-pentanol, n-octanol and n-decanol acted as a hydrophobic additive and the hydrophobic effect was found to increase with both increases in chain length and amount of addition of a cosurfactant. Dynamic behavior studies under hydrophilic conditions showed that the solubilization of hydrocarbon oil by NP micellar solution is controlled by an interface-controlled mechanism rather than a diffusion-controlled mechanism. Both spontaneous emulsification of water into oil phase and expansion of oil drop were observed under lipophilic conditions because of diffusion of surfactant and water into oil phase. Under conditions of a three phase region including a middle-phase microemulsion, both rapid solubilization and emulsification of oil into aqueous solutions were found mainly due to the existence of ultralow interfacial tension.
부틸 아세테이트 생산을 위한 외부 공비제 첨가 반응증류: 파일럿 규모 실험을 통한 연구
양정인 ( Jeongin Yang ),임홍규 ( Honggyu Lim ),임성규 ( Sungkyu Lim ),백가영 ( Gayoung Baek ),한명완 ( Myungwan Han ) 한국화학공학회 2016 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.54 No.5
부틸 아세테이트는 반응증류탑에서 초산과 부탄올의 에스테르 교환반응에 의해 제조된다. 기존의 반응증류 공정은 생성물인 부틸 아세테이트가 내부 공비첨가제로 사용되는데, 이 경우 부틸 아세테이트가 물과 함께 탑상으로 제거된 후 상 분리를 거쳐 반응증류탑으로 환류된다. 이는 생성물인 부틸 아세테이트가 반응영역에 많이 분포하게 하여 반응의 평형 전환율이 낮아지고 이에 따라 생성물의 수율이 저하되는 단점이 있다. 이러한 문제를 외부 공비첨가제를 사용하여 해결하였다. 외부 공비첨가제는 물과 새로운 공비를 형성하여 기존 공정에 비해 탑의 반응영역에서 부틸 아세테 이트의 농도를 낮게한다. 본 연구에서는 싸이클로헥산을 외부 공비첨가제로 사용하였을 때와 내부 공비첨가제를 사용하였을 때 부틸 아세테이트의 수율과 생성 속도를 실험과 모사를 통하여 비교하였다. 이를 위하여 파일럿 규모의 반응증류탑으로 실험을 진행하였으며, 실험 및 모사 결과를 통하여 외부 공비첨가제를 사용한 공정이 내부 공비첨가제를 사용한 경우보다 같은 에너지에서 보다 높은 부틸 아세테이트 수율을 나타냄을 보였다. Butyl acetate is produced from acetic acid and butanol via an esterification reaction in reactive distillation (RD). The product, butyl acetate, has been used as an internal entrainer until now. In this case, butyl acetate and water are removed at the top of column and separated into two different phases (organic and aqueous phases) after condensation, and butyl acetate rich organic phase is refluxed into the RD. This method makes butyl acetate remain high at the reactive zone, leading to lower equilibrium conversion and product yield. We introduced an extraneous entrainer to solve the problem. The extraneous entrainer forms a new azeotrope with water. The proposed process provides lower concentration of butyl acetate in the reactive zone than conventional RD processes using an internal entrainer. We compared the yield and production rate of butyl acetate between the proposed and conventional processes through pilot-scale experiments. Experimental and simulation results showed that the proposed process was more efficient than conventional process using internal entrainer.
시판 식육가공품(햄류, 소시지류 등)에 대한 최근 4년간(2000-2003) 아질산이온 함량
함희진 ( Hee Jin Ham ),홍인석 ( In Suk Hong ),임홍규 ( Hong Kyu Lim ),양윤모 ( Yoon Mo Yang ),최윤화 ( Yoon Hwa Choi ),김창기 ( Chang Gi Kim ),권택부 ( Taek Boo Kweon ),이정학 ( Jung Hark Lee ) 한국가축위생학회 2004 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.27 No.2
Contents of nitrites was tested in 2,290 meat products during 2000-2003, in Seoul by Diazoa method. It was detected over 40 ppm NO2 contents in 20 hams, 7 sausages, one bacon, and one crushed meat product respectively. Also, over 20ppm nitrites was 21.8%(240/1,103) in hams, 20.7%(122/589) in sausages, 6.8%(14/205) in crushed meats, and in 6.0%(5/83) bacons respectively. In case of average contents and contents range, 0.012 g/kg, ND-0.116 g/kg in hams, 0.012 g/kg, ND-0.066 g/kg in sausages, 0.010 g/kg, 0.001-0.089 g/kg in bacons, and 0.006 g/kg, ND-0.040 g/kg in crushed meats etc. Specially, in sausages, it was increased continually by years, in not only average nitrites contents but also their contents range, also, in case of bacons, increased continually by years on only average nitrites contents. According to results, the NO2 contents monitoring for the processed meat products must be reinforced to supply safety food for the citizens.
황금주(Hwang, Kum Ju),이일한(Lee, Il Han),임홍규(Lim, Hong Kyu) 한국서비스경영학회 2015 서비스경영학회지 Vol.16 No.4
The objectives of this study were to identify effects of internal marketing of jewellery brand on job satisfaction, organizational trust, customer orientation, and job performance of sales staffs. Especially, Job satisfaction, organizational trust and customer orientation were verified by the sales career identified with respect to the effects of the moderating variable in relation to job performance. We administerd a survey with were collected from 244 employees working in the jewellery brand "J.ESTINA". The results of this study are as follows. First, internal marketing(communication, education, compensation, authority) had a positive effect on the job satisfaction. Second, internal marketing(compensation, authority, management) had a positive effect on the organizational trust. Third, internal marketing(communication, education, authority) had a positive effect on the customer orientation. And finally, the results indicate that the sales career showed its moderating effects on only the relationship between job satisfaction and customer orientation and job performance. Theoretical and practical implications, and limitations of this study were discussed.
국소성 융모막암종 분화를 동반한 S상결장의 원발성 선암종
오숙경 ( Sook Kyoung Oh ),김형욱 ( Hyung Wook Kim ),강대환 ( Dae Hwan Kang ),최철웅 ( Cheol Woong Choi ),최유이 ( Yu Yi Choi ),임홍규 ( Hong Kyu Lim ),구자준 ( Ja Jun Goo ),최성열 ( Sung Yeol Choi ) 대한소화기학회 2015 대한소화기학회지 Vol.66 No.5
Primary colorectal choriocarcinoma is a rare neoplasm. Only 19 cases have been reported worldwide, most of which involved adenocarcinomas. The prognosis is usually poor, and the standard therapy for this tumor has not been established. A 61-year-old woman presented with constipation and lower abdominal discomfort. She was diagnosed with primary adenocarcinoma with focal choriocarcinomatous differentiation in the sigmoid colon and liver metastasis. Because the serum beta-human chorionic gonadotropin level was not significantly elevated, and because only focal choriocarcinomatous differentiation was diagnosed, we selected the chemotherapy regimen that is used for the treatment of metastatic colorectal adenocarcinoma. The patient survived for 13 months after the initial diagnosis. This is the first case in Korea to assess the suppressive effects of the standard chemotherapy for colorectal adenocarcinoma against coexisting colorectal choriocarcinoma and adenocarcinoma. (Korean J Gastroenterol 2015;66:291-296)