비만 어미 쥐의 임신 전 트레드밀 운동이 출생한 새끼 쥐 해마의 성상세포 활성과 신경성장인자 및 인지기능에 미치는 영향

이효철 ( Hyo-Chul Lee ),김현태 ( Hyun-tae Kim ) 한국체육대학교 체육과학연구소 2021 스포츠사이언스 Vol.39 No.1

본 연구는 비만 어미 쥐의 임신 전 트레드밀 운동이 출생한 새끼 쥐 해마의 성상세포 활성과 신경성장인자 발현 및 인지기능에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보았다. 3주령의 C57/BL6 암컷 쥐 24마리를 실험처치에 따라 정상체중-통제집단(Normal weight -Control Group; NCG, n=8), 비만 통제집단(Obesity-Control Group; OCG, n=8), 비만-운동집단(Obesity-Control Exercise; OEG, n=8)으로 구분하였다. 비만 집단은 16주간 고지방 사료 (탄수화물: 20%, 지방: 60%, 단백질:20%)를 섭취하여 비만을 유도하였으며, 운동집단은 12주간, 주 5회 하루 30분의 트레드밀 운동을 실시하였다. 운동 종료 후 수태를 목적으로 수컷 쥐 1마리와 암컷 쥐 2마리의 비율로 교배를 시켰다. 집단 별로 출생한 새끼 쥐들은 3주간의 모유기를 가진 후 인지기능 검사를 실시하고 희생하였다. 실험결과 수동회피반응 검사에서 인지기능이 OCG에 비해 OEG에서 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며(p<.05), NCG와 유사한 수준으로 나타났다. GFAP-양성세포의 발현은 OCG 에 비해 OEG의 해마 치아이랑에서 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, GFAP 단백질 수준도 OCG에 비해 OEG에서 증가하였다(p<.001). L-glutamate-양성세포 발현은 OCG가 가장 높은 것으로 나타났다(p<.001). 그러나 GLAST 단백질 발현은 OCG에서 가장 낮은 수준을 나타냈다(p<.001). BDNF와 NGF 단백질 수준은 OCG에서 가장 낮았고 NCG와 OEG는 유사한 수준을 나타냈다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 모계 비만은 새끼 쥐 뇌 해마의 성상세포 활성과 신경성장인자 발현 및 인지기능을 감소시키지만 규칙적인 운동은 모계 비만이 자식뇌신경계에 미치는 부정적인 영향을 제한하는 것으로 판단된다. This study investigated the effect of treadmill exercise in obese maternal mice on hippocampal astrocyte activation and neurotrophic factor expression, cognitive function in offspring. 3weeks of aged C57/BL6 female mice divided into threee groups; (1) Normal-weight Control Group (NCG, n=8), (2) Obesity Control Group (OCG, n=8), (3) Obesity Exercise Group (OEG, n=8). Obese groups ingested high-fat feed (carbage: 20%, fat: 60%, protein: 20%) for 16 weeks to induce obesity. OEG rats were performed treadmill exercise for 5 days per week, 12 weeks. All of groups, for pregnancy, were housed by one male and two female rats. The pups were sacrificed after three weeks of breast-feeding and cognitive function tests. The results revealed that in the passive avoidance test, cognitive function was significantly increased in the OEG compared to the OCG (p<.05), and similarly NCG. Number of GFAP-positive cell expression significantly increased in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of OEG compared to the OCG, and GFAP protein levels was increased in the OEG compared to OCG (p<.001). Number of L-glutamte-positive cell expression was highest in the OCG (p<.001). But GLAST protein levels was lowest in the OCG (p<.001). BDNF and NGF protein levels were lowest in the OCG, NCG and OEG showed similar levels. These result show that maternal obesity reduced astrocyte activation and neurotrophic factor expression, cognitive function in the hippocampus of offspring, but regular exercise is restrict the negative effects of maternal obesity on the brain nervous system of offspring.

12주간의 탄력밴드 운동이 고령여성의 신체조성 및 체력수준에 미치는 영향

이효철(Hyo Chul Lee),김현태(Hyun Tae Kim) 한국발육발달학회 2012 한국발육발달학회지 Vol.20 No.4

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of 12 weeks elastic band exercise on body composition and physical fitness levels. Subjects were composed of 16 elderly women. The subject for this study was divided into two groups. The exercise group (n = 8; age 80±5.9 years) performed exercise with elastic band for 12 weeks (3 times per week and 50 minutes per day) and control group (n = 8; age 83±5.0 years) didn`t exercise anything during the same time. Before and after the exercise, both of two groups measured fitness factors of falls by sit to stand, knee up for two minutes, one legs with eyes opened, sit and reach, 4.6m fast walking speed, time up and go. The results of this study were as follow, % body fat were significantly decreased in elastic band exercise group. Sit to stand were significantly increased in elastic band exercise group. Knee-up for 2minutes were significantly increased in elastic band exercise group. One legs with eyes opened were significantly increased in elastic band exercise group. Time up and go were significantly increased in elastic band exercise group. In conclusion, these result suggested that exercise with elastic band for 12weeks affected to improve ability of body composition and physical fitness levels in elderly women.

주의력결핍 과잉행동장애와 스마트폰 중독, 우울, 불안, 자존감

이효철(Hyo Chul Lee),홍민하(Min Ha Hong),오창근(Chang Keun Oh),심세훈(Se Hoon Shim),전연주(Yeon Joo Jun),이석범(Seog Bum Lee),이경규(Kyung Kyu Lee),백기청(Ki Chung Paik),백혜순(Hea Soon Baek),임명호(Myung Ho Lim) 대한소아청소년정신의학회 2015 소아청소년정신의학 Vol.26 No.3

Objectives:The current study investigated the risk of smartphone addiction among children and adolescents with or without attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), risk of depression, anxiety, and self-esteem using the Smartphone Addiction Scale Proneness, Kovac’s Children’s Depression Inventory, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, commonly used in clinical medicine. Methods:Ninety five students with ADHD who visited psychiatry outpatient clinics completed the questionnaire. At the same time, 592 middle and high school students living in a similar area regardless of ADHD diagnosis, completed the questionnaire as control subjects. Results:Overall, 40.0% of 95 ADHD and 12.8% of 592 control subjects were classified as the smartphone addiction proneness group, 26.3% of the ADHD subjects and 8.3% of the control group were classified as the depression group, and 32.6% of the ADHD subjects and 16.2% of the control group were classified as the anxiety group. Significant differences were observed between the two groups. Conclusion:The results of this study suggest that ADHD subjects are more prone to smartphone addiction, becoming depressed or anxious than those in the control group. From this study, we could suggest that students with ADHD are more easily affected by smartphone addiction than normal control subjects. In addition, we might understand how some psychiatric problems like depression, anxiety, and low self-esteem are related to ADHD and smartphone addiction.

규칙적인 운동이 성인 백서 해마 치상회에서 신경세포의 Dendritic Lengths 및 Synapsin 1 수준에 미치는 영향

이효철 ( Hyo Chul Lee ),김현태 ( Hyun Tae Kim ) 한국스포츠정책과학원(구 한국스포츠개발원) 2012 체육과학연구 Vol.23 No.4

이 연구는 성인 백서를 대상으로 8주간의 규칙적인 운동(수영운동, 트레드밀 운동)을 실시하여 운동이 해마 치상회의 신경세포 dendritic lengths와 synapsinⅠ 수준에 미치는 영향에 대해 알아보고자 하였다. 24주령의 Sprague-Dawley계 수컷 흰쥐 24마리를 통제집단(COG; n=8), 수영운동집단(SEG; n=8), 트레드밀 운동집단(TEG, n=8)으로 무선 배정하였다. 수영운동과 트레드밀 운동은 하루 50분씩 주 5회 8주간 실시하였다. 수영운동은 자유수영운동의 형태로 실시하였으며, 트레드밀 운동은 시간과 강도별 프로토콜에 따라 실시하였다. 신경세포의 dendritic lengths를 알아보기 위해 면역조직화학염색을 실시하였고, 웨스턴 블랏을 이용하여 synapsinⅠ단백질의 발현을 알아보았다. 이상의 실험결과 통제집단에 비해 수영운동집단과 트레드밀 운동집단의 해마 치상회에서 doublecortin(DCX) 양성 세포수와 dendritic lengths가 유의하게 증가하였으며, 신경연접 단백질인 synapsinⅠ의 발현도 유의하게 증가하였지만 운동 형태간의 차이는 없는 것으로 나타났다. 이상의 결과로 보아 규칙적인 운동은 해마 치상회에서 미성숙한 신경세포의 발달과 신경연접가소성을 증가시키는 것으로 사료된다. The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of regular exercise (swimming exercise, treadmill exercise) on neuronal dendrite length and synapsin 1 levels in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of adult rats. Subject were composed of 24 adult male Sprague-dawley (490-510g, 24weeks old) rats. Subjects were divided into three group (TEG, n=8). Swimming and treadmill exercise was performed 5 times per week and 50 minutes per day for 8weeks. Immunohistochemistry for neuronal dendrite length and Western blot were performed to determine expression synapsin 1 protein. The result of this study are as follow, DCX(doublecortin)-labeled cell expression were significantly increased exercise group(swimming, treadmill exercise). DCX dendritic length were significantly development in exercise group(swimming, treadmill exercise). Synapsin 1 protein were significantly increased in exercise group(swimming, treadmill exercise). In conclusion, these results suggest that regular exercise in the adult rats enhance immature neuron development and synaptic plasticity.

응급실 응급구조사의 감염노출 예방행위 수행정도에 영향을 미치는 요인

심경율,김지희,이효철,김철태,Sim, Kyung-Yul,Kim, Jee-Hee,Lee, Hyo-Cheol,Kim, Chul-Tae 한국응급구조학회 2018 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.22 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influencing factors of prevention practices against infection exposure among emergency medical technicians (EMTs) in emergency rooms. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was filled out by 100 EMTs in emergency rooms from June 1 to August 31, 2017. The questionnaire consisted of items concerning the defensive environment for the prevention of infection exposure, perception of preventive behavior, and degree of performance of preventive actions against infection based on a five-point Likert scale. Data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, ${\chi}^2$ test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and linear regression. Results: The defensive environment for the prevention of infection exposure was 4.12. The perception of preventive action was 4.71, and the degree of performance of preventive actions against infection was 4.54. There was a significant relationship between the degree of performance of preventive actions against infectious exposures and the degree of perception of preventive behavior(r=.506, p=.01) and prevention of infectious exposure(r=.506, p=.01). The protective environment(B=.360, t=3.236, p=.002) and perceived level (B=.904, t=4.662, p=.000) were influenced by the degree of prevention of infection exposure. Conclusion: It is important to manage the protection environment for infection exposure prevention and to enhance the awareness of infection prevention actions against infection exposure among the EMTs in emergency rooms.

짐볼과 탄력밴드를 이용한 복합 운동이 어린이의 신체조성과 체력 및 IGF-1 수준에 미치는 영향

이태훈(Tae Hoon Lee),이효철(Hyo Chul Lee),김현태(Hyun Tae Kim) 한국사회체육학회 2012 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.0 No.49

The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of complex training composed of strength training using gym ball, elastic band and aerobic exercise with power walking and rope-skipping for 12 weeks on body composition, physical strength and IGF-1 of elementary school boys. In this study, 14 male Subjects were selected from some elementary school in S. city. They were divided into two groups, which were a control group (n=7) and a exercise group (n=7). Subjects in exercise group had performed complex training composed of strength training and aerobic exercise for 60 minutes from three to five times a week during 12 weeks. Subjects in a control group had maintained a daily life during the same period. Variables related to body composition, physical strength and IGF-1 were measured before and after training and those were analyzed for the result below. Lean body mass in a exercise group were increased significantly and body fat(%) in a exercise group was decreased significantly. Records of grip to verify muscular strength were significantly improved in a exercise group after training. Bending forward as sitting for checking flexibility showed significant changes. One leg standing with eyes closed to verify balance was significantly improved in a exercise group after training. A record of shuttle run in a exercise group was significantly improved. A record of the 600-meter race to check cardiorespiratory endurance was significantly improved in a exercise group after training. IGF-1 was significantly increased in a exercise group after training. Based on the results, combined programs, composed of strength t raining using gym ball and elastic band and aerobic exercise with power walking and rope-skipping for 12 weeks, improved %fat and physical components, such as muscular strength, flexibility, balance, improvisational power and cardiorespiratory endurance. In addition, secretion of blood IGF-1 was activated. Therefore, this combined training program is thought to be useful for child growth.

빅 데이터 분석을 통한 적합한 골목상권 선정: 음식업

공정환(Jeong-Hwan Kong),윤병철(Byung-Chul Yun),서지수(Ji-Soo Seo),최진영(Jin-Young Choi),이효철(Hyo-Cheol Lee),테레시아(Theresia Saputri),이석원(Seok-Won Lee) 한국정보과학회 2017 한국정보과학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2017 No.12

북한이탈주민에서 우울 증상과 회복탄력성의 관련성

안지현(Ji Hyun An),이경은(Kyoung Eun Lee),이효철(Hyo Chul Lee),전진용(Jin Yong Jun),김해수(Hae Soo Kim),홍진표(Jin Pyo Hong) 대한사회정신의학회 2017 사회정신의학 Vol.22 No.2

연구목적 : 본 연구에서는 북한이탈주민들을 대상으로 사회 인구학적 변수의 특징에 따른 우울 증상 및 회복탄력성과 관계, 우울 증상과 회복탄력성 사이의 상관 관계를 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 본 연구에서는 전국 하나센터에 등록한 북한이탈주민 300명을 대상으로 자가 설문을 작성하도록 하였다. 북한어판 CES-D, CDRISC와 BRS를 통한 사회인구학적 변수 및 회복탄력성을 측정하여 각 변인들을 측정하였으며, 사회인구학적 특성들과 우울증상 또는 회복탄력성 점수와의 관련성을 알아보기 위해 t-test와 Pearson 상관분석을 시행하였다. 결 과 : 연구에 참여한 북한이탈주민들 중 여성(p=0.002), 저소득(p=0.007), 무직(p=0.017), 지난 일년간 건강문제가 있었던 경우(p<0.001) 우울 증상의 점수가 유의하게 높았다. 또한 CD-RISC로 측정한 회복탄력성 점수는 여성(p=0.049), 입국 후 기간이 1년 이상(p= 0.042), 그리고 미혼인 경우(p=0.021) 유의하게 낮은 것으로 나타났다. 우울증상은 회복탄력성 점수 각각 (CD-RISC;r=-0.257, p< 0.001, BRS;r=-0.409, p<0.001)과 모두 통계적으로 의미 있는 부적 상관관계를 보였다. 결 론 : 본 연구에서는 북한이탈주민에서 우울 증상의 심각도와 회복탄력성 사이에 부적인 상관관계가 있다는 것을 확인하였다. 이를 근거로 향후 북한 이탈주민들의 우울증상을 감소시키기 위해서 회복탄력성을 증진시키는 개입이 필요할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine the characteristics of socio-demographic variables and the correlation with depressive symptoms and resilience in North Korean defectors. Methods : The study subjects were 300 North Korean defectors registered in regional adaptation center (Hana Center) in South Korea. Participants reported self- questionnaires including socio-demographic variables, which consider the sociocultural background of North Korea and the following self-rating scales : North Korean version of Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression Scale;CES-D-NK, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale; CD-RISC, and brief resilience scale. Results : Female (p=0.002), low income state (p=0.007), no occupational state (p=0.017), and presence of health problems over the past year (p<0.001) showed significantly high depression score in North Korean defectors. Only female gender (p=0.049), longer period after entry (p=0.042) and unmarried status (p=0.021) showed lower resilience score of CD-RISC. When correlation analysis were performed, depressive symptoms showed significant negative correlation with resilience score both in CD-RISC (r=-0.257, p<0.001) and Brief resilience scale (r=-0.409, p<0.001). Conclusion : Severity of depressive symptoms and low resilience are highly correlated in North Korean defectors. Future interventions should focus on improving resilience to decrease depressive symptoms in defector groups.