19세기(世紀) 한국한시사(韓國漢詩史)의 구도(構圖) ; 泊翁 李明五 시 연구(1) -初期詩를 중심으로-

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 한국한시학회 2011 韓國漢詩硏究 Vol.19 No.-

Lee Myeong O(李明五) is not only the son of Lee Bong Hwan(李鳳煥), but also the farther of Lee Man Yong(李晩用). These three men were famous for their poetry in their times. This paper surveyed the fundamentals of Lee Myeong O`s life and an anthology of his poetical works. His life was overshadowed by his father, Lee Bong Hwan. He was bequeathed poetical talent by his father. Furthermore, he was deeply frustrated by his father`s tragic death- a political trouble occurred in 1770. To redress his father`s unjust, wrongful death, he tried hard for 25 years from 1786 to 1809. In order to achieve this purpose, probably he made friends with men of influence by the medium of poetry. He was survived by his anthology of about 1600 poems, the Selected poems of Bagong(泊翁詩초). This anthology was selected among more than ten thousands poetry by his son, Lee Man Yong and printed by movable metal types. And this anthology was prefaced by the influential politicians and prominent literary men. From the prefaces of his poetry, we can see he distasted hackneyed expressions and tried to new literary expressions. Next, from seven-syllabic code verses(七言律 詩), which were created late-twenties by him, we find and introduce some fresh expressions, and then we analyse some of his representative poetical works of this period. This paper deals chiefly with Lee Myeong O`s seven-syllabic code verses, which were created his late-twenties, we cannot fully understand his poetical works, but at least we ascertain distinctly Lee Myeong O`s position as a successor of Cholim Style(椒林體) poets.

이봉환(李鳳煥) 삼대(三代)의 칠언율시(七言律詩) 연구

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 한국한문학회 2015 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.0 No.58

이 글은 시인 三代인 雨念齋 李鳳煥(1710~1770), 泊翁 李明五(1750~1836), 東樊李晩用(1792~1863)의 작품 세계를 七言律詩를 중심으로 논의하려는 시도이다. 비록아직까지 이 삼대에 대한 개별적인 연구가 완결되었다고 볼 수는 없지만, 최근 약 15년동안 주목할 만한 연구 성과들이 속속 보고된 바 있다. 이 글은 선행 연구들을 토대로 이들 삼대의 시세계를 조망해 보고, 앞으로의 연구 방향을 가늠해 보기 위한 성격을 띠고 있다. 이들 삼대의 공통된 특징으로 꼽을 수 있는 것은 두 가지이다. 하나는 시인으로서의 뚜렷한 자의식으로, 자연히 多作과 苦吟의 치열한 수련 과정을 거쳤다. 다른 하나는 당대 정계의 실력자들로부터 불우한 문인들에 이르기까지 구축한 광범위한 교유망을 들수 있으며, 이 교유망을 자식들에게 물려주기 위해서 상당히 노력한 흔적을 엿볼 수 있다. 이러한 점은 실제 창작 양상에 반영되어 시의 성격도 詩社에서의 唱酬, 送別, 贈答, 輓詩 등 ‘交遊의 場’에서 지어진 시들이 주류를 이루고 있으며, 선택된 詩體들 중에서는 특히 칠언율시의 비중이 압도적으로 높다. 이 논문에서는 이들 삼대의 칠언율시 작품들 중에서 특징적인 면모를 보여 주는 작 품들을 뽑아서 읽어 보면서 그 계승과 변용의 양상을 살펴보고, 아울러 조선후기 한시사의 맥락 속에서 어떤 의미를 지니는지 검토해 보려고 한다. This research is to study the seven-syllabic code verse of Three generations of Lee Bong Hwan(李鳳煥, 1710~1770), Lee Myong O(李明五, 1750~1836), & Lee Man Yong(李晩用, 1792~1863). Three generations of these men, their life times, almost 150 years, were avantgarde of contemporary literary trend and taste. So their poetry, to same extent, is a miniature of contemporary poetry history of their times. They were born from a noble family with status defect in strict caste society of Chosun Dynasty. Therefore, they were not allowed in political careers in many respects. In order to get rid of their political restrictions, they were tried to make themselves familiar with powers in politics. In this process, they used their poetical ability fully. They often attended a poetic circle, which were composed chiefly of powers in politics. And in these meetings, they chiefly created poems in seven-syllabic code verse. coming into the spotlight, they made techniquecentered works to show their poetic talents. This tendency began from Lee Bong Hwan(grandfather), culminated by Lee Myong O(father) and continued partly by Lee Man Yong(grandson). As we have reviewed their works, we realized that though their works showed technical displaying, they obtained literary originality to show poets characteristics. At this point, we find the key to locate their position in the history of Sino-Korean Poetry in the late Chosun Dynasty.

東樊(동번) 李晩用(이만용) 詩(시) 硏究(연구)(1) -『東樊集(동번집)』所載(소재) 七言律詩(칠언율시)를 중심으로-

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 한국한문학회 2013 韓國漢文學硏究 Vol.0 No.52

雨念齋 李鳳煥(1710~1770)-泊翁 李明五(1750~1836)-東樊 李晩用(1792~1863)삼대는 18세기 전반~19세기 전반 조선 시단에 뚜렷한 자취를 남긴 시인들이다. 이들의 생존 기간은 대략 150년 가량 되는데, 세 사람 모두 시인으로서의 자의식이 뚜렷한 사람들이며, 당대인들로부터 그 문학적 성취를 인정받고 있었다. 이 시인 삼대 중에서 이봉환과 이명오에 대해서는 선행 연구가 있었으나, 이만용의 경우 丁學淵의 교유 관계를 논한 글들에서 더러 언급될 뿐 본격적인 작가 작품론이 나오지 않은 상태이다. 이만용의 시문집으로는 金澤榮의 刪定을 받아 全史字로 간행된 『東樊集』을 비롯하여 국내외 각 도서관과 장서가들이 소장하고 있는 여러 종류의 필사본들이 존재한다. 이 글은 이만용에 대한 첫 번째 작가 작품론으로서 刊本 『東樊集』을텍스트로 하여 수록된 작품들 중에서 가장 비중이 높은 七言律詩를 위주로 그의 작품세계를 살펴보았다. 『東樊集』의 칠언율시들 중에서도 가장 비중이 높은 것은 특정한 인물과 시를 贈答 하거나 詩會에서 同人들과 함께 지은 작품들인 것으로 파악되는 바, 이러한 작품들은 두 가지로 나누어 볼 수 있다. 첫 번째는 상대방의 취향과 요구를 충실히 반영하여 지은 작품들이고, 두 번째는 압도적인 기교로 아예 상대방을 제압하려는 의도가 농후한 작품들이다. 언뜻 보면 지향이 반대이지만 이 두 가지 특징은 모두 시인으로서 同人들에게 인정받으려는 의식이 강하게 작용한 결과라고 할 수 있다. 이어서 『東樊集』에 실린 칠언율시 중에서 찾을 수 있는 또하나의 특징으로, 조선시대 다른 시인들의 시집에서 쉽게 찾아 볼 수 없는, 시인의 艶事를 직접 읊고 있는 작품들이 10수 가까이 실려있는 점을 지적하고 그 의미를 논하였다. 이 글에서 논한 작품들 중에서 극도로 기교를 과시한 작품들이나 시인의 육체적 사랑까지 언급된 작품들은, 자손이나 제자들의 손으로 문집이 정리되었다면 刪削되었을 확률이 높았을 것으로 판단되며, 이러한 작품들이 刊本에 실리게 된 것은 金澤榮의 역할이 컸으리라 생각된다. The three generations of Lee Bong Hwan(李鳳煥, 1710~1770), Lee Myong O(李明五, 1750~1836), and Lee Man Yong(1792~1863) are the distinguished poets of the eighteenth century and nineteenth century, while in life about 150 years, all of them have prominent self-consciousness as poet and acknowledged their literary achievement by their contemporary critics. While there are some preceding studies about Lee Bong Hwan and Lee Myong O, there are no such studies about Lee Man Yong. Including The Works of Dongbeon which were edited by Kim Taek Yeong(金澤榮) and published through movable wooden types, there were many kinds of manuscripts. And this paper, the first critical work of Lee Man Yong, is to survey his poetical world through seven-syllabic code verses(七言律詩) in The Works of Dongbeon. The most important seven-syllabic code verses in The Works of Dongbeon is the poems, created in poetical meetings with fellows. We survey here by dividing two kinds of works. One is the poetical works, which were fully reflected the tastes and desires of the fellow poets, the other is the ones, which dominated fellows through surpassing techniques. Then we treat love affairs in his seven-syllabic code verses, which were tabooed in Chosun Dynasty. If his works had been edited by his descendants, the poetical works of carnal love or extremely displayed poetic techniques should have been deleted. Therefore we think, we owe such works surviving to Kim Taek Yeong.

天뢰 李廷稷 詩 硏究

이현일 ( Hyunil Lee ) 한국한시학회 2015 韓國漢詩硏究 Vol.23 No.-

Lee Jeong Jik(李廷稷, 1781~1816), father of Lee Sang Jeok(李尙迪, 1804~1865), who was one of the important official interpreter-poet, was short-lived, and yet a man of achievement as a poet. But he was completely unattracted scholastic attention, owing to his poetical work`s alienation to the scholars. When Lee Sang Jeok went to YanJing(燕京), the Capital of Qing Dynasty, as a member of Chosun Dynasty`s diplomatic delegation, he printed his father`s poetical works, The Poems of Natural Sound(天뢰詩稿), and came back to Chosun with it. It was composed of 312 poems. In Lee Jeong Jik`s preface to these poems, he expressed that composing poetry was his only taste. This paper classified his poems into four kinds and surveyed them. First, we read the poems of self-consciousness, expressed as a poet and a man of intelligence. Second, we read and surveyed the poems which were composed when he was as an interpreter of diplomatic delegation to Qing Dynasty. Third, we read and surveyed the poems of missing father, who died early and the poems of loving his child. Last, we read and surveyed the poems which modelled after old Chinese ballads. After reading his poetical works, we tried to verify him as an excellent poet, and as a perfect ideal to be followed by his son, Lee Sang Jeok.

夢觀 李廷柱 詩 硏究

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 한국한시학회 2013 韓國漢詩硏究 Vol.21 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to introduce first the poetry of Lee Jeong-ju(李廷柱, 1778~1853) to the scholastic world of Korean literature. As he was borne by the family of interpreter, he started his career as an offical interpreter for chinese. But when he arrived at hs late forties, he resigned his agelong interpreter job. And he devoted himself to reading and writing poetries. Among his fellow interpreter-poets, he was referred to unfortunate problem poets with Hyun Ki(玄錡, 1809-1860), Chung Ji-Youn(鄭芝潤, 1808~1858), and Yu Choe-Jin(劉最鎭, 1791~1869). His poetry was evaluated as having excellent, clear atmosphere and fresh unique expression by Chosun and Qing Dynasty literary critics. Conforming to this evaluation, we focused to select and analyse his works in The Poems of Mongkwan(夢觀詩稿). One of His first cousin was Lee Jeong-jik(李廷稷, 1781~1816) whose son was Lee Sang-jeok(李尙迪, 1804~1865), one of the excellent poets of the middle 19th century in Chosun Dynasty. And they thought to be contributed significant influences to him. This paper is, we hope, not only the maiden introduction of the poetical works of Lee Jeong-ju, but also playing the role of the little stepping stone of the 19th century Sino-Korean poetry in Chosun Dynasty.

시학(詩學) 교재로서의 『백련초해(百聯抄解)』

李炫壹 ( Lee Hyun-il ) 동방한문학회 2020 東方漢文學 Vol.0 No.83

『百聯抄解』는 七言으로 對句를 이루는 聯 100개를 모으고 諺解한 책으로, 조선 전기에 엮어진 것으로 추정된다. 선행 연구를 살펴보면, 평안도·전라도·경상도에서 각각 판각되었을 정도로 널리 보급되었던 것이 확인된다. 그만큼 조선시대에 초학자들이 한시를 읽고 짓는 법을 익히는 대표적 교재의 하나로 자리매김 되었던 것이다. 20세기 이후 한문의 사회적 영향력이 쇠퇴한 뒤에는 주로 국어사 자료로서 주목받아 왔으나, 최근 20년 사이에는 한시교육용 교재로서의 특징을 탐구한 논문도 2편 나온 바 있다. 이 논문도 『백련초해』의 시학 교재로서의 성격에 초점을 맞추려 하였다. 『백련초해』가 童蒙敎材로 쓰인 까닭에 진지하게 『백련초해』를 언급한 자료는 한국고전번역원이 구축한 방대한 “한국고전종합DB”에서도 찾기 어려웠지만, 『백련초해』에 대한 얼마 되지 않은 직·간접적인 언급들을 통해서 당시 한시 창작과 한시사에 미친 영향을 읽어 보려 하였다. 먼저 仁祖反正 이후 南冥學派의 重鎭 중의 한 사람이었던 謙齋 河弘度(1593~1666)가 쓴 「聯句續選序」를 통해 지금은 전하지 않는 『聯句續選』편찬의 경위와 그 의의를 검토해 보았고, 17세기를 대표하는 남인계 문인인 松谷 李瑞雨(1633~1709)의 문집에 실린 작품들을 통해서 한시 창작 교육교재로서의 『백련초해』의 활용 양상을 살펴보았다. 한편, 詩學 학습의 교재로서 『백련초해』를 보완하고, 이용하는 앞의 경우들과는 달리, 農巖 金昌協(1651~1708)과 雅亭 李德懋(1741~1793)가 고려를 대표하는 시인인 李奎報(1168~1241)의 한시사적 위상을 격하하는 자리에서 이규보의 대표적인聯이 『백련초해』에 뽑힌 것을 빌미로, 어린아이들이나 보는 책에 실릴 만한 수준 낮은 시를 짓는 시인으로 비판한 사실에도 주목하였다. 아울러 章을 달리하여, 『백련초해』를 엮는 데 참조한 시선집 중에서 고려때 편찬된 『夾注名賢十抄詩』의 존재를 주목하여 그 상관관계에 대해서 논하였다 The purpose of this paper is to report some respects of the One Hundred Couplets with Translation(『百聯抄解』) as a poetic textbook: and it’s position in history of Sino-Korean poetics in Chosun Dynasty. One Hundred Couplets with Translation is a book, which is selected one hundred seven-syllabic couplets and put into Korean language. In early Chosun dynasty, this book was supposed to be edited for learning Chinese classic poetry and writing Sino-Korean poetry. Because this book was the textbook for beginners, the mentions of it have rarely discovered in the Database of Institution for the Translation of Korean Classics. But in some very rare records, we inspect and scrutinize important respects of the One Hundred Couplets with Translation as a poetic textbook. Firstly, we examine the significance and details of editing this book through the preface of Revised and Expanded Selections of Couplets(『聯句續選』) by Ha Hongdo(河弘度, 1593~1666): He edited it in order to complement One Hundred Couplets with Translation. Through Lee Seowoo(李瑞雨, 1633~1709)’s poems we survey aspects of using this book, as a textbook of writing Sino-Korean poetry. On the other hand, Kim Changhyeop(金昌協, 1651~1708) and Lee Deokmu (李德懋) criticize Lee Kyubo(李奎報, 1168~1241), one of the representative poets of Korea Dynasty, and devalue his position in history of Sino-Korean poetry. Because his famous couplet was selected in One Hundred Couplets with Translation. And this couplet was a meager one, they said. In addition, we treat of the relationship between One Hundred Couplets with Translation and Ten Poems of Thirty Famous Poets with Annotations(『夾注名賢十抄詩』).

석견루(石見樓) 이부현(李復鉉) 시(詩) 연구(硏究)

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 한국고전문학회 2011 古典文學硏究 Vol.40 No.-

이 논문은 아직까지 학계에 잘 알려지지 않은 시인인 石見樓 李復鉉(1767~1853)을 소개하기 위해 씌여졌다. 이복현은 金려(1766~1821)가 편찬한 『潭庭叢書』 전체를 다룬 朴晙遠의 선구적인 업적에서 처음 언급되었을 뿐, 그 뒤로는 본격적인 연구의 대상으로 주목을 받지 못해 왔다. 제1장에서는 선행 연구를 바탕으로 하면서도 관련 자료를 보강하여 이복현의 가계와 생애를 다시 정리하였다. 행장이나 묘지명과 같은 기본적인 자료들이 아직 발견되지 않아 미흡한 점이 있지만, 주어진 상황에서는 최선을 다하려고 하였다. 제2장에서는 지금 남아 있는 이복현의 시문집에 대한 기초적인 조사를 정리한 것이다. 이복현의 시문집은 (1) 후손에 의해 중국에서 인쇄되어 들여온 『石見樓詩초』, (2) 『潭庭叢書』에 실린 『石見樓雜詠』과 『石見樓詩卷』, (3) 고려대 중앙도서관에 소장된 『石見樓』 17책 등으로 나누어 살펴 볼 수 있으며, 사실 좀더 본격적인 연구를 위해서는 각 이본들을 토대로 定本을 만들고 改作 과정을 추적하는 일이 반드시 필요하다. 제3장에서는 주로 『석견루시초』에 수록된 작품들을 중심으로 그의 시세계의 특징적인 면모를 논하였다. 고시, 절구, 율시의 순서로 대표작이라 판단되는 작품들을 뽑아서 詩體에 따라 살펴보았다. 여기서 살펴본 이복현의 시들은 겉보기에는 평범하고 담담한 듯하지만, 시적 기법의 완숙성이 뒷받침 되지 않으면 나올 수 없는 작품들이며, 분명히 시인 나름의 개성을 포착할 수 있다. 요컨대, 이복현은 한 시대를 대표하는 大家가 되기에는 부족하지만, 名家들의 詩友가 되기에는 충분한 역량을 갖춘 시인이었다고 할 수 있다. 마지막으로 餘論에서는 이 글을 마무리하고 앞으로 연구를 심화시키기 위해 필요한 작업들에 대해서 간략히 논하였다. The purpose of this paper is to introduce the unknown poet, Seokgyeonru(石見樓), Lee Bok Hyun(李復鉉). In the first chapter, we deal his life and history of his family based on the study of early scholars. and then we rearrange them with added materials. Although we cannot discover fully the fundamental materials of his life, we do our best under the present circumstances. In the second chapter, we deal the elementary investigation of Lee Bok hyun`s collected poems. His works are classified into (1) The Selected Poems of Seokgyeonru(『石見樓詩초』) edited by his descendants, (2) Miscellaneous songs of Seokgyeonru(『石見樓雜詠』) and The Poetry of Seokgyeonru(石見樓詩卷) in Damjeongchongseo(『潭庭叢書』), and (3) Seokgyeonru, composed of seventeen books. In order to study deeply, we need to edit authorized version based on these various versions. In the third chapter, we deal his characteristic features of his poetic world in The selected poems of Seokgyeonru. We do survey his representative poems in order of old-style poetries, quatrains, and code verses. At first blush we think his poetries are commonplace and plains, but it soon become obvious that his works are created with excellent poetic techniques. In short he is not the representative poet of his days, but second-best poet of his times. In the last chapter, we deal about the necessary work in order to deepen the study of Lee Bok hyun, the poet.

비파열 자궁외임신에 대한 Methotrexate 의 전신적 및 국소적 요법에 대한 임상연구

이현행(Hyun Haing Lee),최용성(Yong Sung Choi),김숙경(Suk Kyung Kim),이은혜(Eun Hye Lee),민유선(Yu Seon Min),이상희(Sang Hee Lee),이유미(Yoo Mee Lee),김현철(Hyeon Chul Kim),선우태원(Tae Won Sun Woo),이찬(Chan Lee),장성운(Sung Woon Cha 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.4

Objective : To evaluate safety and efficacy of systemic or local methotrexate(MTX) injection to patients with unruptured ectopic pregnancy Methods : From October 1995 to October 1999, 35 unruptured ectopic pregnancies were eligible for the conservative management. 25 tubal pregnancies, 4 cervical pregnancies, 4 pregnancies of previous cesarean section scar, and 2 cornual pregnancies diagnosed by ultrasonography & serumβ-hCG were evaluated. Patients were treated with one of following three protocols : ① A single-dose of 50mg/m2 of intramuscullar(IM) MTX(7 cases) ② Two to four doses of 1.0mg/kg of IM MTX with citrovorum rescue(20 cases) ③ Transvaginal ultrasonogram-guided intra-amniotic instillation of 50mg methotrexate (8 cases) The mean age of these patients was 30.8 yrs (range 24-42) and gestational age at diagnosis ranged from 22-75 days (mean 47). Initial level of serumβ-hCG ranged from 166.4-55363.8 mIU/mL (mean 9069.2). Patients were monitored with serumβ-hCG titers three times per week ,and then weekly until the serumβ-hCG level was less then 10 mIU/mL. Result : 31 of 35 patients (88.6%) were successfully treated and remaining 4 patients failed conservative therapy and so required surgery. Mean duration of resolution was 38.5 days (range 11-105). Side effect rate was 45.7% but severity of symptoms were so mild that no treatment was needed in most cases. Conclusion : Nonsurgical conservative management of MTX appears to be effective and safe treatment modality for some selected unruptured ectopic pregnancy. But further comparative studies and long-term follow-up are needed to evaluate reproductive outcome and reduce side effects of MTX.

『삼명시화(三溟詩話)』로 본 18세기 한시사(漢詩史)

이현일 ( Hyun Il Lee ) 민족문학사학회·민족문학사연구소 2005 민족문학사연구 Vol.27 No.-

학천(鶴泉) 성여학(成汝學)의 삶과 시세계(詩世界)

이현일 ( Lee Hyun-il ) 우리한문학회 2021 漢文學報 Vol.45 No.-

This paper is to study, for the first time, the life of Seong Yeo-hak(成汝學, 1557~1636?) And his poetic world. In his life time, Seong Yeo-hak regarded as poet persons as Liu Mong-in(柳夢寅), Lee Su-kwang(李睟光), representative contemperary poets. he lived poorly, After his death, he was little noted, in Sino-Korean literature, he was known as author of Continued Shield against Sleeping(『續禦眠楯』): A gaudy story-teller. But to him The Collected Works of Crane Spring(『鶴泉集』) was catalogued in National Library. No biographical materials transmitted to, this paper besides The Collected Works of Crane Spring, his social comrades’ collection and in historical material, we tried to pursue this poor poet’s life. Based on Several poetic dialogues this poetic characteristics arranged Cheonggo(淸苦, Claear and Sour). And Among his well-knowend poems Elegy on Lee hang-bok(李恒福)’s death, we tried to find besides story. And in Continued Shield against Sleeping, we comment on mischievous poems.