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비글견을 이용한 GST 추출물의 단회 경구투여 용량증가 독성시험
이철화,양원경,정인철,진미림,김승형,박양춘,Lee, Chul-wha,Yang, Won-kyung,Jung, In-chul,Jin, Mi-rim,Kim, Seung-hyeong,Park, Yang-chun 대한한방내과학회 2016 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.37 No.1
Objectives: To provide information on the safety of GST (Gami-Sasangja-tang), we carried out a single oral dose-increasing toxicity test of GST in beagle dogs.Materials and Methods: Six beagle dogs (three males and three females) were randomly assigned to two groups (experimental group: n=4, control group: n=2). The experimental group (two males, two females) was given oral doses of GST in increasing order (1,250, 2,500, and 5,000 mg/kg) at three-day intervals. After administration, the participants’ mortality, clinical signs, and body weight changes were monitored for two weeks. After two weeks, all dogs were sacrificed for autopsy.Results: Temporary vomiting was observed according to increasing dosage (n=1, 250 mg/kg; n=4, 2,500 and 5,000 mg/kg). Transient diarrhea was observed on the second and third dosing day (n=1, 2,500 mg/kg; n=2, 5,000 mg/kg). Temporary salivation was noted on the third dosing day (n=3, 5,000 mg/kg). Compound-colored stool was observed in all dogs fed the GST on all dosing days and also on the following days. We found no mortality and no abnormalities in the clinical signs, body weight, and gross findings in any of the dogs tested.Conclusions: The maximum tolerated dose was over 5,000 mg/kg for both male and female dogs.
만성폐쇄성폐질환 및 미세먼지 유발 폐손상 동물모델에서 과루행련환의 효과
이철화,양원경,유이란,김승형,박양춘,Lee, Chul-wha,Yang, Won-kyung,Lyu, Yee-ran,Kim, Seung-hyeong,Park, Yang-chun 대한한방내과학회 2017 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.38 No.3
Objective: This study aimed to use a mouse model to evaluate the effects of Gwaruhaengryeon-hwan (GHH) on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and particulate matter induced lung injury. Materials and Methods: The study was carried out in two ways (in vitro, in vivo). In vitro RAW 264.7 cells (mouse macrophage) were used and analyzed by flow cytometry, ELISA. In vivo lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and cigarette smoke solution (CSS), or coal, fly ash, diesel exhaust particle (CFD) challenged mice were used and its BALF was analyzed by ELISA, lung tissue by real-time PCR. Results: In vitro, GHH maintained an 80-100% rate of viability. So cytotoxicity was not shown. In the ELISA analysis with RAW 264.7 cells, GHH significantly decreased NO over $30{\mu}g/ml$. In the ELISA analysis, GHH significantly decreased $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 over $300{\mu}g/ml$. In the COPD model, the GHH 200 mg/kg dosage group, the application of GHH significantly decreased the increasing of neutrophils, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-17A, MIP2, CXCL-1 in BALF, $TNF-{\alpha}$, $IL-1{\beta}$ mRNA expression in lung tissue and histological lung injury. In the CFD induced lung injury model, the GHH 200 mg/kg dosage group, the application of GHH significantly decreased the increase of neutrophils, $TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-17A, MIP2, CXCL-1 in BALF, MUC5AC, $TGF-{\beta}$ mRNA expression in lung tissue and histological lung injury. Conclusion: This study suggests the usability of GHH for COPD patients by controlling lung tissue injury.
이철화(Chul Hwa Lee) 한국사회체육학회 1996 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.5 No.-
The purpose of this study was to investigate barriers to participation in sports of urban married women during leisure time The data analysis was based on information had gathered from 879 married women in 6 largest cities who have been participating in golf, bowling, swimming, aerobic dance and tennis. The data were analyzed using correlation, one way ANOVA, sheffe-test, correspondence analysis with the SAS programs. The results were follows; First, background variables such as a type of house, employed/unemployed, household income, ages of children, her`s age were related barriers to participate in sports of urban married women. Second, sport events such as golf, bowling, swimming, aerobic dance and tennis were differed from in barriers to participate in sports of urban married women. Third, urban married women have been feeling constrained to participate in sports by activity events; golf was influenced social barriers and individual barriers, bowling and tennis were influenced time barriers.
이철화(Chul Hwa Lee),이상수(Sang Su Lee) 한국사회체육학회 1997 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.8 No.-
The purpose of this study was to investigate the utility of play facilities in elementary students. The results from this study will provide basis data necessary to develope play facilities establishment program for elementary students. The subjects in this study were 725 elementary students (male:361, female:364) who dwelled in C province. The questionnaire had 30 questions which were specifically designed for elementary students. The results were as follows; First, it was indicated that the utility of play facilities were enacted during lunch brake and after school hours in elementary students, and preferred their participation to upper grades than lower grades. Second, there existed big difference of there time spending in utility of play facilities among different grade levels. Third, play facilities for elementary student`s favorite activities showed swing and horizontal bar in the usual order, and iron and wood in the quality of material of these facilities. Fourth, the satisfaction of utility of play facilities showed psychological, sociological and environmental factors in the usual order in elementary students.
이철화(Chul Hwa Lee) 한국사회체육학회 2001 한국사회체육학회지 Vol.16 No.-
The purpose of this study was to investigate perception of constraints and participation in sports of adolescents in during leisure time. The data analysis was based on information had gathered from 709 adolescents in Chung Cheong Province. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and canonical correlation with the SAS programs. First, for the sports involvement of adolescents, boy student was stronger than girl student, the rural student was stronger than the urban student, the satisfied student of the school life was stronger than non-satisfied student of the school life, the group of middle incomes was stronger than that of low and high incomes. For three dimensions of sports involvement, adolescents had involved in sports in the order of cognitive, behavioral, affective involvement.. Second, for the constraints of sports involvement, the degree of barriers in boy student was stronger than girl student, the students who lived in middle city than the largest and countryside had more barriers, who satisfied in the school life than non-satisfied had more barriers, who lived in middle incomes than low and high had more barriers. For five dimensions of sports constraints, adolescents had barriers in the order of facilities, services and partners, economic, lack of knowledge. Third, for adolescents sports involvement, the cognitive and behavioral involvement in sports related sports participation constraints. For adolescents sports participation constraints, the barriers of individual and psychological, lack of knowledge, time related sports involvement.