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이종철(Rhee Jong Chul) 한국동서경제학회 2004 한국동서경제연구 Vol.16 No.1
본 논문은 어떻게 하면 ”풍요속의 빈곤”을 불식시키면서 지속적인 성장을 해나갈 수 있을까 하는 주제의식에서 출발하였다. 이와 관련하여 기존의 이론적, 실증적 연구결과들을 체계적으로 고찰하고 논의를 발전시켜 다음과 같은 소결론들을 도출하였다. 첫째, 경제성장은 빈곤 해소의 일차적인 요인으로서 필요조건이지만 충분조건 은 아니라는 것, 둘째, 부의 불균등한 분배 상태는 경제성장을 더디게 할 뿐만 아니 라 경채성장의 빈곤 해소 효과를 떨어뜨린다는 것, 셋째, 경제성장을 저해하지 않는 부의 재분배 정책이 필요하다는 것, 넷째, 저속성장을 위해서는 인적자본의 축 적이 필수적이라는 것 등이다. 여와 같은 결론에 기초하여 정책적으로는 토지가치 세제가 검토되었다. 토지가치세제는 경제적 불평등이 초래되는 자본주의적 시장경제 에서 분배적 정의를 실현하며 바람직한 지속성장을 가능하게 하는 방책이다. 이는 또한 정채성장 과정에서 대두되는 토지 및 부동산 투기를 불식시키고 부의 불균등 문제를 해소할 수 있는 가능한 방안이다. 인적자본이 생산양식의 중심요소가 되어져 가고 기술진보의 원천이 되는 경제사회에서 교육투자는 지속적 경제성장의 필수 조건이며, 저소득 계층에 대한 교육기회 확대와 직‘간접적인 교육지원은 장기적으로 소득분배의 불균등 문재와 빈곤의 문제를 해소시키는 효과를 나타낸다. The purpose of this study is to find out how to overcome the problem of ""Poverty amongst Affluence"", keeping the economy on a sustainable growth path. Reviewing the related literature and extending discussion of connected topics, a few findings have emerged on which there seems to get broad consensus. First, economic growth is the primary factor and necessary condition for poverty reduction, but mere acceleration of growth is not enough for effective poverty reduction. Second, wealth inequality hinders economic growth, and decelerate poverty reduction for given rates of growth as well. Third, to achieve the goal of rapidly reducing poverty requires strong combinations of growth and redistribution policy. Fourth, investment in human capital is the foundation for sustainable growth, and mitigating wealth inequality increases investment in human capital. The Land Value Taxation is proposed for overcoming the problem of ""Poverty amongst Affluence"", keeping the economy on a sound growth.
이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),최규완(Kyoo Wan Choi),김은주(Eun Joo Kim),박창영(Chang Young Park),손정일(Jong Chul Rhee),전우규(Woo Kyu Cheon),김병익(Byeong Ik Kim),정을순(Eul Sun Jung),전성국(Seong Gook Cheon),박기호 대한내과학회 1999 대한내과학회지 Vol.57 No.1
To estimate bowel patterns in the Korean, we surveyed routine check-up subjects about their bowel habits, using self-reported questionnaire. Methods : We analyzed 2939 subjects (male 1430, female 1509; age range 25 - 65 years) who had visited health promotion center for routine check-up. Subjects were given a validated self-report questionnaire, which measured the defecation frequency; stool consistency; self-report of constipation; straining to defecate; and levels of laxative use. Results : Of the whole subjects 96.4% had defecation frequency between three per week and three per day. The prevalence of two or less bowel movements per week (4.1% compared to 0.6%), straining to defecate (20.8% compared to 13.0%) and hard stool (18.0% compared to 9.3%) was higher in women than men (p<0.01). The prevalence of self-reported constipation was higher in women than men (9.0% compared to 2.9%, p<0.01). Women were more likely to use laxatives than men (5.5% compared to 0.6%, p<0.01). Conclusions : Defecation frequency in most of routine check-up subjects is between three per week to three per day. Bowel dysfunction is a greater problem in women.
이종철(Jong Chul Lee),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),고영혜(Young Hyeh Ko),이화영(Hwa Young Lee),김춘관(Choon Kwan Kim),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),오영륜(Young Lyun Oh) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.5
Fascioliasis, infection of fasciola sp., is a zoonotic liver disease in human which usually involves the liver and biliary tract. Its occurrence is common in tropical area, western America and in the Mediterranean region, but relatively uncommon in Korea. Fascioliasis is usually presented as multiple small liver abscess and it is extremly uncommon as a single large liver mass. We experienced a case of facioliasis. In an asytnptomatic 43 year-old woman, appearing as a single, large hepatic mass. Imaging study suggested that the rnass is likely to be a hetnangioma, hepatoma or metastatic lesion. We carried out fine needle aspiration of the liver, and its cytology showed only some Fasciola sp. egg. Patients serology to the parasite wasnt available at that time, so we carried out partial hepatic lobectomy to confirm the diagnosis of fascioliasis. We found a parasite granuloma, mummified adult worm of fasciola sp. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 30: 689-694)
이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),이규택(Kyu Taek Lee),최성호(Sung Ho choi),노재형(Jae Hyung Noh),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.4
Benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis(BRIC) is a very rare cholestatic condition of unknown etiology and its main clinical feature is multiple recurrent episodes of cholestasis with no extrahepatic bile duct obstruction. Familial and nonfamilial forrns of BRIC have been described. We report a case of two sisters with benign recurrent intrahepatic cholestasis. They have experienced recurrent jaundice since childhood. Extrahepatic bile duct obstructions were excluded by ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography. Liver biopsy specimens showed centri]obular hepatocytic cholestasis. Lobular architectures and portal tracts were well preserved without inflammation.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 29:249-253)
이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),이준혁(Joon Hyeok Lee),이규택(Kyu Taek Lee),최성호(Seong Ho Choi),노재형(Jae Hyung Noh),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Ko),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee) 대한소화기학회 1997 대한소화기학회지 Vol.29 No.1
N/A Backgroud/Aims: For many years, it has been thought that gallstone disease was relatively rare and pigment stone was prevalent in Korea. But a few recent studies showed that 60-70% of gallbladder stones in Korea were cholesterol stone. This study was designed to obtain a prevalence and risk factors for gallstone in Korea. Methods: A total of 5,126 persons undergoing routine health screening enrolled in this study. All persons were given a questionnaire about smoking habits, alcoho] consumption, parity, and present illness along with its history of management. Height and body weight were checked. They were examined using ultrasonography and hiochemical test such as lipid profiles and fasting blood glucose. Gallstone disease was defined as the presence of posteriorly shadowing, echogenic, movable structures within the gallbladder as determined by ultrasonography and a history of previous cholecystectomy due to gallstones. Chi-square test and stepwise logistic regression analysis assessed the risk factors for gallstone disease. Results: The prevalence of gallstone disease in Korean adults(above 20 years old) was 4.7% in men and 5.2% in women. The age-standardized prevalence was 3.1% and 3.4% respectively. Gallstone disease was more frequent in the older age groups(6.6% in the sixth decade, 12.2% in the seventh decade, and 20.4% in the eighth decade). Age, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes were risk factors for gallstone disease. Smoking, alcohol consumption, parity, and hypercholesterolemia including LDL-C did not differ significantly between persons with and without gallstone disease. Conclusions: The prevalence of gallstone in Korean adults are 3.1% in men and 3.4% in women. The risk factors for gallstone are age, obesity, hypertriglyceridemia, and diabetes. Further studies will be needed about the prevalence of gallstone disease in general population according to the composition of gallstone.(Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 29:85-92)
담관 폐쇄 환자에서 담도압 상승과 관련이 있는 임상 지표
이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),주성욱(Seong Wook Choo),주인욱(In Wook Choo) 대한소화기학회 1996 대한소화기학회지 Vol.28 No.3
N/A Background/Aims: Increased bile duct pressure is the major factor responsible for acute cholangi- tis and bacteremia. Therefore, prompt medical or surgical decompression of bile under high pressure should be accomplished as fast as possible. But, measuretnent of bile duct pressure is invasive. So, the present study was undertaken to find out the clinical factors to predict the increased biliary pressure in patients with bile duct obstruction. Methods: Thirty-three patients with bile duct obstruction underwent percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage(PTBD). Intraductal pressure was measured as soon as bile duct pucture was performed. Bile cultures were performed in 24 patients and blood cultures were performed in 21 patients. Correlation of bile duct pressure and severity of pain, duration of symptom, fever, leukocytosis, serum bilirubin, serurn alkaline phosphatase, or bile duct diameter were statistically analyzed. Results: Bacteremias were noticed in 5 of the 17 patients with positive bile culture. Bacteremia was associated with the increased biliary pressure. Bacteremia was demonstrated when the biliary pressure was 22 cmHyO or more. Biliary pressure was associated with the severity of pain and body temperature. Significant correla- tion was not found between the duration of symptom, leukocytosis, serum bilirubin, serum alkaline phosphatase, or bile duct diameter and biliary pressure. Conclusions: Increased biliary pressure in patients with bile duct obstruction is more likely to be associated with severity of pain and fever than leukocytosis, bilirubin level, alkaline phosphatase level, or bile duct diameter. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1996; 28:409 - 414)
이종균(Jong Kyun Lee),이풍렬(Poong Lyul Rhee),강동묵(Tong Mook Kang),김재준(Jae Jun Kim),고광철(Kwang Cheol Koh),백승운(Seung Woon Paik),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee) 대한소화기학회 1998 대한소화기학회지 Vol.30 No.1
N/A Background/Aims: Acetylcholine(Ach) is the most irnportant rnediator in vagal-induced and cholecystokinin-induced gallbladder contraction. There are several rnuscarinic receptor subtypes characterized by pharmacologic study. The majority of smooth muscles from many species exhibit heterogenous populations of muscarinic receptors and different subtypes activate different signal transduction pathways. Therefore, it is important and essential to characterize the muscarinic receptor subtypes for understanding the mechanism of muscle contraction in a certain tissue. The aim of the present study was to characterize the muscarinic receptor subtypes in guinea pig gallbladder smooth muscle using relatively selective receptor subtype antagonists. Methods: Gallbladder muscle strips were prepared and mounted in an organ bath. Isometric contractions were recorded on a polygraph. 50% inhibitory concentrations(Icqp) and pA (-log KB) values of pirenze- pine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP(M1, M2, and M3 antagonist, respectively) were compared on Ach-induced gallbladder muscle contraction. Results: Icsp of pirenzepine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP on 1pM Ach-induced contraction were 7.8 > 10 'M, 2.'7 x 10 M, and 3,7 x 10 M, respectively. pA, values of pirenzepine, methoctramine, and 4-DAMP were 6.8, 5.0 and 11.4, respectively. Conclusions: M3 subtype may play the most important role in Ach-induced contraction of guinea pig gallbladder muscle. (Korean J Gastroenterol 1997; 30:90 - 97)
인체 위암세포에 (胃癌細胞) 나타나는 세포질내 (細胞質內) 미세내강의 (微細內腔) 광학 및 전자현미경적 연구
최규완(Kyoo Wan Choi),이종철(Jong Chul Rhee),김병학(Byung Hak Kim),김우호(Woo Ho Kim),김남일(Yong Il Kim) 대한소화기학회 1986 대한소화기학회지 Vol.18 No.1
Ultrastructural characteristics of the intracytoplasmic lumen(ICL) in the human gastric carcinoma were investigated on a total 69 histologically proven cases(42 gastric carcinomas, 15 gastric adenomas, 4 intes tinal metaplastic mucosa, 6 foveolar epithelia and 2 parietal cell-containing fundic glands) obtained by gastric endoscopic biopsy, to elucidate the relative incidence and its histogenesis. The followings were the summary; 1) ICLs were demonstrated in 38. 1% of gastric carcinoma cases, but none in gastric ade- noma, metaplastic or in foveolar epithelia. 2) Relative incidence of ICLs seemed to reflect a cellular dedifferentiation by means of disproportion to the degree of neoplastic differentiation. 3) ICLs were diffusely coated with relatively well developed microvilli, whereas their rootlet formation was poor and focal in distribution. 4) Mean number of ICL was 0. 25 per cancer cell. 5) An average tangential diameter of ICLs was 7.85um, and size ratio to cancer cell was (60.62%) These morphometric data ranged in minimal deviation with histological subtypes. 6) ICLs were demonstrable even under the light microscope, and presented the possibility to be confused with signet ring cell due to morphological similarity. 7) Ultrastructural step sections demonstrated the evidences that the ICLs often communicated with apical cell surface so as in ICL-like structures of parietal cells, and suggested their histogenesis to represent the invagination of cell surface. The above findings suggest that the ICLs in gastric carcinoma cells develop by an abnormal invagination in the process of cellular dedifferentiation and reflects the ultrastructural expression of a compensatory unicellular secretory function by expansion of the surface area.