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이병훈,Lee, Byeong Hoon 한국문화재보존과학회 2021 보존과학회지 Vol.37 No.5
본 연구에서는 정선 아우라지 유적에서 출토된 신석기시대 및 청동기시대 토기 총 11점을 대상으로 재료학적 특성을 연구하였다. 불석결과, 청동기시대 조기 토기의 염기성 및 산성 성분은 신석기시대 토기와 청동기시대 전기 토기의 중간 영역에서 분포하였지만, 각 제작시기에 따른 큰 차이는 확인되지 않았다. 이미 연구되었던 강원지역 출토 토기와 비교해본 결과, 정선 아우라지 출토 토기는 영동지역 출토 토기보다 산성 성분이 적은 경향성을 보였으며, 염기성 성분은 출토유적에 따라 차이가 있었다. 희토류 원소 분포 패턴에서는 분석대상 토기 모두 유사한 패턴 결과를 나타내어 태토원료의 모암이 동일기원임을 확인하였으며, 기 연구되었던 타 유적 토기 태토와의 비교를 통하여 정선 아우라지 출토 토기 태토의 특성을 확인하였다. 미세구조 불석결과 분석대상 토기는 대체로 점토입자 및 공극의 분포가 불규칙하며, 기질이 느슨하여 치밀한 소성이 이루어지지 못했다. 신석기시대 토기에서는 부정형 공극이 많이 확인되었으며, 점토기질과 함께 장석을 포함한 알루미노 규산염의 배열이 관찰된 반면, 청동기시대 전기 토기의 공극은 미정질 입자와 입방체 결정 등으로 채워진 부분이 다수 확인되었다. 정선 아우라지 출토 토기 태토의 주된 광물상은 제작시기와는 별개로 각 토기의 특성에 따른 광물 조성이 검출되기도 했지만, 전체적으로 유사한 조성을 나타내었다. 따라서 토기의 소성온도에는 큰 차이가 없었던 것으로 확인되며, 약 750~850℃ 범위에서 저온소성된 것으로 추정된다. In this study, we aimed to elucidate the materialistic characteristics of 11 pieces of earthenware belonging to the Neolithic and Bronze Age excavated from Jeongseon Auraji, South Korea. As a result, the chemical composition of earthenwares belonging to the early Bronze Age was distributed in the intermediate area between the Neolithic and Bronze Age earthenwares, but no significant difference was confirmed based on their manufacturing period. Upon comparison, the earthenwares excavated from Jeongseon Auraji site were found to comprise less acidic components than those excavated from Yeongdong, and are characterized by the alkaline components depending on the excavated site. In the rare earth elements distribution pattern, all the analyzed earthenwares exhibited similar pattern, confirming that the raw materials present in the clay were the same. As a result of microstructure analysis, the clay particles and voids were found to be irregularly distributed in the analyzed earthenwares. Neolithic earthenwares exhibited many irregular voids, and an arrangement of aluminosilicate, including feldspar, was observed along with the clay substrate. Furthermore, we confirmed that the empty space in early Bronze Age earthenwares was filled with fine particles and cube crystals. Moreover, the main mineral phase of earthenwares excavated from Jeongseon Auraji exhibited similar composition, and therefore, there was no significant difference in the firing temperature of these earthenwares. The firing temperature of the earthenwares ranged from 750 to 850℃.
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대기압 이상의 열처리 공정압력이 Cu<sub>2</sub>ZnSn(S,Se)<sub>4</sub>(CZTSSe) 박막 성장에 미치는 영향
이병훈,류혜선,장준성,이인재,김지훈,조은애,김진혁,Lee, Byeong Hoon,Yoo, Hyesun,Jang, Jun Sung,Lee, InJae,Kim, Jihun,Jo, Eunae,Kim, Jin Hyeok 한국재료학회 2019 한국재료학회지 Vol.29 No.9
$Cu_2ZnSn(S,Se)_4(CZTSSe)$ thin film solar cells areone of the most promising candidates for photovoltaic devices due to their earth-abundant composition, high absorption coefficient and appropriate band gap. The sputtering process is the main challenge to achieving high efficiency of CZTSSe solar cells for industrialization. In this study, we fabricated CZTSSe absorbers on Mo coated soda lime glass using different pressures during the annealing process. As an environmental strategy, the annealing process is performed with S and Se powder, without any toxic $H_2Se$ and/or $H_2S$ gases. Because CZTSSe thin films have a very narrow stable phase region, it is important to control the condition of the annealing process to achieve high efficiency of the solar cell. To identify the effect of process pressure during the sulfo-selenization, we experiment with varying initial pressure from 600 Torr to 800 Torr. We fabricate a CZTSSe thin film solar cell with 8.24 % efficiency, with 435 mV for open circuit voltage($V_{OC}$) and $36.98mA/cm^2$ for short circuit current density($J_{SC}$), under a highest process pressure of 800 Torr.
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이병훈 ( Byeong Hoon Lee ) 한국일본어교육학회 2012 日本語敎育 Vol.61 No.-
鹿兒島方言はモ―ラではなく、音節を數える音節方言(シラビ―ム方言)であり、東京方言のようなモ―ラ單位の等時性があらわれない。また、單語聲調に表れるピッチの決定においても、モ―ラは音韻單位として機能をせず、音節が重要な役割をする。そのため、鹿兒島方言ではモ―ラという音韻單位は必要としないとみなされてきた。確かに鹿兒島方言ではモ―ラではなく、音節が重要な音韻單位としての機能を擔っている。しかし、だからといって、モ―ラという音韻單位自體を必要としないわけではない。鹿兒島方言で、2モ―ラ語の母音融合にあらわれる長母音化や、開音節の單音節語に起る長母音化は、1モ―ラ以下の韻律語(prosodic word)を禁じる最小語制約によって發生する現像であり、外來語にあらわれる超重音節の再音節化や短母音化は、3モ―ラの音節を禁じる超重音節禁止制約に起因した現像である。最小語制約や超重音節禁止制約はモ―ラという單位を前提とした制約であり、鹿兒島方言でこのような制約が동くということは、當方言でも音節以外のモ―ラという單位を必要とすることを意味する。モ―ラ方言でモ―ラが重要な機能を擔っているが、音節という單位も必要とすることと同樣、音節方言の鹿兒島方言でも音節が重要な機能をしているが、モ―ラという音韻單位も必要なわけである。
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일본어의 치찰음화에 관한 연구 -최적성이론을 중심으로-
이병훈(Lee, Byeong-Hoon) 대한일어일문학회 2021 일어일문학 Vol.89 No.-
This paper aims to examine the coronal assibilation before high vowels in Japanese and the difference in assibilation among Japanese dialects. The existing studies usually consider the coronal assibilation before vowel /u/ in Japanese as an exception. Because it is contrary to the general tendency of natural languages where the coronal assibilation is typically triggered by a following high front vocoid. This paper reveals the phenomenon known as the assibilation before back vowels in Japanese is actually an assibilation before middle vowels, and it is due to the vowel centralization of back vowels following coronal consonants. Among the Japanese dialects, there are so-called Yotsugana-dialects that do not have coronal assibilation distinct from Tokyo Japanese. And in some dialects called Mitsugana-dialect, coronal assibilation occurs before /i/ but not before /u/. This study attributes the difference in the coronal assibilation among Japanese dialects to the difference in the rankings of universal constraints among the dialects in the framework of Optimality Theory.
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이병훈(Lee, Byeong-Hoon) 대한일어일문학회 2014 일어일문학 Vol.61 No.-
The objective of this study is to explain vowel epenthesis in Japanese loanwords from English. Analysis is performed in the frame work of the Optimality Theory (Prince & Smolensky 1993/2002). Solutions for the two unsolved problems until now are proposed in this paper. While the [u] epenthesis occurs after alveolo-palatal fricatives, the [i] epenthesis occurs after alveolopalatal affricates in Japanese loanwords from English. According to Ladefoged’s assertion (1993) that English /?/ is strongly labialized, Max(labial) is adopted as a crucial constraint. And the asymmetry between palatal fricative and affricate is explained in this paper by a method that ranks Max(labial) on the higher level than Palatal-front. Although the epenthetic vowel [u] after [t] is prohibited because of the <SUP>*</SUP>TU constraint, the [tu] existed in the source language is permitted in recently-adapted loanwords. This “grandfather effect” is taken into account by ranking constraints such as ?Ident(manner) ≫ *TU ≫ <SUP>*</SUP>[-high] ≫<SUP> *</SUP>[-back], <SUP>*</SUP>[+low]?. The markedness constraint <SUP>*</SUP>TU has been demoted below the faithfulness constraint Ident(manner) in recentlyadapted loanwords. The [tu] inherited from the source language is thus permitted. However, since <SUP>*</SUP>TU is more highly ranked than other markedness constraints <SUP>*</SUP>[-high], <SUP>*</SUP>[-back], <SUP>*</SUP>[+low], the epenthetic vowel [u] after [t] can not be permitted.
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이병훈(Lee, Byeong-Hoon) 대한일어일문학회 2021 일어일문학 Vol.91 No.-
본 연구는 일본어 동사활용에서 일어나는 발음편을 창발음운론(Emergnt Phonology)의 틀 속에서 설명함을 목표로 한다. 일본어 동사의 과거형은 동사 어근과 과거를 나타내는 접사의 결합으로 만들어진다. 어근과 접사의 기저형을 설정하고 기저형으로부터 표면형을 도출하는 하향식 모델에서는 어근의 끝 자음에 따른 발음편 발생의 차이를 설명하기 어려운 경우가 있다. 기저형의 어근말 자음이 /b/인 경우 발음편이 일어나나 /ɡ/인 경우 발음편이 일어나지 않는 이유의 설명이 어려운 것이다. 본 연구는 기저형을 가정하지 않고 어근의 형태와 접사의 형태들 간의 조합을 평가하는 창발음운론의 상향식 모델을 이용해 일본어 동사활용에 일어나는 발음편을 설명한다. 이 모델에서는 기저형 없이 실제 발화에서 나타나는 형태들의 조합이 평가의 대상이 되므로 기저형의 자음에 따른 발음편 발생 유무의 문제로부터 자유로울 수 있다. This paper aims to explain sound changes, so-called Hatsu-onbin, in Japanese verb conjugation within the framework of Emergent Phonology. The past tense of Japanese verbs is formed by combining a verb root and an affix indicating the past. In a top-down model that premises the underlying representation of roots and affixes and derives the surface representation from the underlying representation, some cases are hard, if not impossible, to explain the different occurrence of nasalization depending on the root-final consonants. It is difficult to explain why nasalization occurs when the root-final consonant of the underlying representation is /b/, but does not occur when it is /ɡ/. This study explains the nasalization and the postnasal voicing on Japanese verb conjugation using the bottom-up model of Emergent Phonology, which assesses the combinations of the morphs of the roots and the affixes without presuming the underlying representation. Since this model is a surface-oriented morph model without underlying representation, it is free from the problem of the different nasalization depending on the consonants of underlying representation.
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