고정상 활성슬러지공법과 부유성장 활성슬러지공법의 비교 연구

이병헌,김정숙 ( Byung Hun Lee,Jeong Sook Kim ) 한국물환경학회 1993 한국물환경학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The main purpose of this study was to compare the suspened growth activated sludge with the fixed media activated sludge by evaluating organic removal efficiencies, nitrogen removal efficiencies, sludge production rates and oxygen requirements. The synthetic feed, containing glucose as the carbon source with nutrients and trace metals was used for influent. The suspended growth activated sludge reactor was made 2ℓ of aeration tank and 0.7ℓ of sedimentation tank. The fixed media activated sludge reactor was fulfilled with the plastic koch media and its volume was 2ℓ. The temperature and HRT were maintained at 20℃ and 11.5hrs, respectively. The organic removal efficiencies and nitrogen removal efficiencies of the fixed media activated sludge without settling tank were higher than that of the suspened growth activated sludge. The sludge productions of the fixed media activated sludge were smaller than that of the suspened growth activated sludge. But, the oxygen uptake rates the fixed media activated sludge were larger than that of the suspened growth activated sludge.

Chemical Effects of Nuclear Transformations in Metal Salts

이병헌,이종두,Byung Hun Lee,Jong Du Lee Korean Chemical Society 1975 대한화학회지 Vol.19 No.5

크롬산염, 중크롬산염, 요오드산염 및 과요드산염의 중성자포획에 수반하는 크롬-51 및 요오드-128 반조 화학종의 분배를 거름종이 전기영동법으로 검토하였다. 유효반조에너지 및 내부전환의 관점에서 생각하면 중성자 포획원자가 초기분자중에 잔유하고 반조원자에너지가 결정의 적은 범위를 가열하며 소멸된다고 하기 어렵다. 그러나 거름종이 전기영동결과 더 많은 크롬-51 및 요오드-128 반조원자가 어미분자와 결합되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 잔류율의 관찰결과 반응 이론을 Disorder Model로 설명하였다. 양이온 반경이 클수록 2차 cage를 돌파하는 반조원자의 확율이 높다. 암모늄염중 암모늄이온은 disorder zone에서 환원작용을 하며 잔류율이 낮어졌다. 결정구조에서 자유공간이 크면 잔류율이 낮어졌다. The distribution of $^{51}Cr\;and\;^{128}I$ recoil species following radiative-neutron capture in chromates, dichromates, iodates and periodates has been investigated by using paper-electrophoresis. In view of the effective recoil energy and the effect of the internal conversion, it is unlikely that an atom which has captured a neutron can remain bound in its original molecule. It is also unlikely that the energy of the recoil atom is dissipated in heating a small region of the crystal. However, the results of paper-electrophoresis separation of recoil $^{51}Cr\;and\;^{128}I$ indicated that many more of the recoil atoms were bound in the parent molecule. The disorder model for the reaction was proposed from observations of retention. In considering cations, the greater their radii, the higher is the probability of the recoil atom breaking through the secondary cage. In ammonium salt, the ammonium ion behaved as a reducing agent in the disorder zone and resulted in low retention. Crystal structures with their greater free space have shown low retention.

UASB 반응조에서 수리학적부하와 유기물질 부하 및 기질농도가 처리효율 및 입상슬러지 특성에 미치는 영향

이병헌,정몽규 ( Byung Hun Lee,Mong Kyu Jeung ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 1994 한국폐기물자원순환학회지 Vol.11 No.3

Chemical Effects of Nuclear Transformations in Metal Permanganates

이병헌,김봉환,Lee, Byung-Hun,Kim, Bong-Whan Korean Association for Radiation Protection 1986 방사선방어학회지 Vol.11 No.1

금속 과망간산염 즉 과망간산칼륨, 과망간산나트륨, 과망간산은, 과망간산바륨, 과망간산암모늄에서 망간의 중성자 포획으로 야기되는 화학적 효과를 고찰하였다. 생성된 방사성 망간의 분포는 각종 흡착제 및 이온교환체 즉 이산화망간, 알루미나, 제올라이트 A-3, 카올리나이트, 도엑스 -50을 사용하여 결정하였다. 각종 흡착제 및 이온교환체에 대한 방사성 망간의 분포는 각 과망간산염에 대하여 거의 유사한 결과를 갖는다. 방사성 망간의 친화력은 도엑스 -50이 가장 크다. 잔류율의 현저한 증가가 열-어니일링을 통하여 나타나며 잔류율은 각 과망간산염의 금속이온의 제 1차 이온화 전위에 의존한다. The chemical effects resulting from the capture of the thermal neutrons by manganese in different crystalline permanganates, that is, potassium permanganate, sodium permanganate, silver permanganate, barium permanganate and ammonium permanganate, have been investigated. The distribution of radioactive manganese formed has been determined by using different absorbents and ion-exchangers, that is, manganese dioxide, alumina, Zeolite A-3, Kaolinite and Dowex-50. The distribution of radioactive manganese in various adsorbents and ion-exchangers has almost similar result for each permanganate. The affinity for radioactive manganous ion is greatest for Dewex-50. A significant increase of retention is shown through the thermal annealing and the retention depends on the first ionization potential of metal ion in permanganates.

이상 소설의 문체

이병헌 ( Lee Byung-hun ) 국제어문학회 ( 구 국제어문학연구회 ) 2011 국제어문 Vol.53 No.-

본고는 한국 현대소설의 문체 유형이라는 틀을 확립하여 한국의 현대 소설의 특질을 밝히고자 하는 커다란 계획의 일환으로 작성한 것이다. 소설 문체에 대한 기존의 연구가 개별 작가의 문체적 특성을 구명하는 데 치우침으로써 소설의 문체에 대한 일반 이론을 수립하는 데에 현저히 미치지 못하고 있으며, 개별 작가나 작품의 문체를 분석하는 작업 또한 일정한 한계를 노출하고 있다고 파악했기 때문이다. 본고는 궁극적으로 한국 현대소설의 문체 지도를 작성하여 그 통시적, 공시적 여러 특성을 밝히기 위한 초석이 되는 작업이라 할 수 있다. 우리는 여기서 `제시와 표현`, `절제와 발산`이라는 두 개념쌍을 좌표축으로 삼는 가상적 평면을 설정하고 거기서 이상 소설의 문체가 어떠한 위치를 차지하는가를 살펴보았다. 이상의 소설은 주제적 층위에서는 `사물화와 의인화`, `반복과 변주`, `경구의 빈번한 사용`, `비정통적 문장의 활용` 등의 문체소를 활용하여 `표현의 문체`의 특징을 잘 나타내고 있다. 주제 취급의 양태의 층위에서는 `작가의 개입`, `생각의 유희의 표출`, `지속적 리듬감의 부여` 등의 문체소를 활용하여 `발산의 문체`의 특징을 현저하게 나타내고 있다. 요컨대 이상 소설의 문체는 본고의 문체 분류상 주제적 층위에서는 `표현의 문체`가, 주제 취급의 양태의 층위에서는 `발산의 문체`가 지배적인 양상을 보이고 있다고 할 수 있다. This aims to define the style of Lee Sang`s novel. And this forms a line in the chain of the project that clarifies the characteristics of Korean modern novel by settlement of the style pattern model of Korean modern novel. With the help of text linguistics, I set up the two dimensional standards which are `presentation and expression` according to the function of sentence and `moderation and emission` according to the aspect of subject treatment, and looked into the characteristics of each style. As for the styles classified by the function of sentence, the style of `presentation` is to write at a distance from the emotion, feeling and intention of the text maker or writer in describing the story, background and events of the novel and the characters` psychology. Whereas the style of `expression` gives priority to the manifestation of the feeling and attitude of the writer and to the dealing with the text maker as a subject matter over the uninvolved neutral writing. So the phrase which is intruded by the writer`s judgement and the sentence which has the device that attracts the reader`s attention are the style markers of the `expression.` The style of Lee Sang`s novel comes under the style of `expression` according to the classification by the function of sentence. `Materialization and personification`, `repetition and variation`, `frequent use of epigram`, and `employment of abnormal sentences` in Lee Sang`s novel belong to the style markers of the `expression.` As for the style classified by the aspects of subject treatment, the style of `moderation` is the statement and expression which restrains the desire for using words and keeps the virtue of harmony and proportion in managing the subject of the novel. It`s influence reveals when it shows the circumstances explicitly and makes clear the message that the writer wish to convey through a few proper words, The style of `emission` is the narrator`s attitude of saying freely and fully what he want to say in easy and relaxed state with confidence. It is the style in which any circumstance and psychology is tole fully by means of the rhetorical devices of the effect of communication can reach to the maximum by means of eloquence, pungent colloquialism or unconstrained sentence. According to the classification, the style of `emission` remarkably prevails in the style of Lee Sang`s novel in comparison with the styles of Kim Seung-Ok`s and Oh Jeong-Hee`s novel in which the styles of `moderation` and `emission` are relatively balanced. `Intrusion of author`, `exhibition of playing with idea`, and `allowance of continuous rhythmic sense` belong to the style markers of the `emission` in Lee Sang`s novel.

하수처리장에서의 도시지역 비점오염원 부하량의 산정 1. 강우시 하수처리장 유입수 산정을 위한 SWMM 매개변수 추정

이병헌 ( Byung Hun Lee ),정창욱 ( Chang Wook Jung ),김정숙 ( Jeong Suk Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Main objectives of sewer system are flood disaster prevention by storm water exclusion and water quality preservation by sewage exclusion. At wet weather periods, the quantity and quality of wastewater treatment plant influent is variation by rain. The influent characteristics of wastewater treatment plant are very important factors of the wastewater treatment plant operation. If we want to estimate nonpoint source pollution of wastewater treatment plant, we need to know the influent characteristics of rainy seasons. Mike SWMM(stormwater management model), Mike Urban, XP-SWMM based SWMM(US EPA) are used for simulation of the wastewater treatment plant influent characteristics. The parameters estimation methods for the quantity simulation of SWMM were well developed. But, the parameters estimation methods for the wastewater quality characteristics by SWMM simulation is increasing interest recently. This study used surface response analysis method for the parameters estimation for the quality simulation of SWMM. Which method can save the times and get the same answers of every trial. The optimum parameters value of SWMM for influent concentration of wastewater treatment plant are as following. For BOD concentration, the maximum buildup is 1.0, time exponential is 0.03, washoff coefficient is 0.8 and washoff exponential is 2.0, respectively. For TN concentration, maximum buildup is 2.2, buildup rate is 0.88, washoff coefficient is 0.46 and washoff exponential is 0.9, respectively. For TP concentration, maximum buildup is 0.55, buildup rate is 0.40, washoff coefficient is 0.19 and washoff exponential is 0.99, respectively.

병렬 펄스 부하를 갖는 DC전력 시스템의 전압 안정화를 위한 Voltage Bus Conditioner의 전류 센서리스 제어

이병헌(Byung-Hun Lee),장한솔(Han-Sol Chang),나재두(Jae-Du La),김영석(Young-Seok Kim) 대한전기학회 2012 대한전기학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2012 No.11

하수처리장에서의 도시지역 비점원 오염 부하량의 산정 2. 강우시 하수처리장 유출수의 변화

이병헌 ( Byung Hun Lee ),정창욱 ( Chang Wook Jung ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.4

Pollution sources are consisted point source and non-point source. There are many studies for controlling combined sewer overflow(CSOs) and storm sewer overflow(SSO). But, the study on the non-point sources in the wastewater treatment plant are not so many. Influent quantities of the 3 days and 5 days and 7 days duration data for the 5-year, 10-year, 20-year and 30 years return periods can obtained from normal probability graphs of the hourly rainfall data in 1977~2006. Wastewater treatment plant influent characteristics are simulated by SWMM from each years return periods. Wastewater treatment plant effluent characteristics are simulated by AQUASIM. Wastewater treatment plant influent characteristics are variable according to rainfall. In this paper, non-point pollution sources calculated by effluent discharge loading rates at rainy season minus effluent discharge loading rates of normal times. Non-point pollution sources of the wastewater treatment plant in rainy seasons estimated by 1.5~2.5 times of 2,404kg BOD/d that is the effluent discharge loading rates of normal times.

반응표면분석법을 이용한 뱀장어 양식장에서의 최적 응집제 주입조건

이병헌 ( Byung Hun Lee ),박수빈 ( Su Bin Park ),김민경 ( Min Gyeong Kim ) 한국수처리학회 2016 한국수처리학회지 Vol.24 No.4

The objective of this research was to determine the optimum conditions for the eel farms recirculating water treatment using coagulation process. Response surface methodology (RSM) is used to get a set of designed experiments to obtain optimal multi factor operating conditions for the coagulation process. Response Surface Methodology explores the relationships between several explanatory variables and one or more response variables. It is a collection of mathematical and statistical techniques for empirical model building. The main objective is to optimize a response(Turbidity and UV254) which is influenced by independent variables PAC dosage and operating pH. PAC dosage were 1-25 mg/L and operating pH were 2-8, respectively. Rapid stirring(250 rpm, 1 min), slow agitation(30 rpm, 30 min) were experimenting with the conditions of precipitation(30min). COD, TN, Turbidity, UV254 was measured. Experimental results removal efficiencies of COD, TN, Turbidity, UV254 were up to 67 %, 87 %, 75 %, and 33 %, respectively. The independent variable to obtain Turbidity removal rate 65 %, COD removal rate 65 % and TN removal rate 86 % together were predicted pH 6.7 and 13 mgPAC/L.

전기분해법에 의한 해수내의 암모니아성 질소 제거

이병헌(Byung-hun Lee),이제근(Jea-Keun Lee),길대수(Dae-soo Gil),곽순열(Sun-yul Kawk) 한국수산과학회 양식분과 1997 韓國養殖學會誌 Vol.10 No.4