Gif 산화방법에 의한 Cyclohexanon 의 제조

이규완,김성보,김상범 ( K . W . Lee,S . B . Kim,S . B . Kim ) 한국화학공학회 1991 춘계학술발표논문집 Vol.- No.-

3원적 사유구조- 원효 『기신론』 주석과 이익의 『사칠신편』을 중심으로

이규완 동아시아불교문화학회 2019 동아시아불교문화 Vol.0 No.37

The ternary territory where the contradictions and conflicts of dualism converge is also the topos of both that the dualistic bifurcation is mediated and that the pluralistic proliferation is triggered. I probe in this paper into the ternary system of thoughts that sets aside the third mediate place of 'both A and B' in the mutually exclusive dualistic ontology, especially focusing on the Treatise on the Mahāyāna Faith and the New Treatise on the Four-Seven Debates. TMF and Commentaries by Wonhyo highlight the role of the Attribute Category among the Three Great Categories, allocating the special territory in the Arising-Ceasing Aspect which upholds the characteristics of the Suchness and the Arising-Ceasing Aspects at the same time. Here the Suchness and Arising-Ceasing Aspects, ti (體) and yong (用), and tathāgatagarbha and ālayavijñāna, are integrated in the realm of the ternary. Likewise, TFSD also sets aside a ternary territory in the realm of chi (氣) Arising, in which Toegye's theory of li (理) Arising and Yulgok's theory of chi Arising are combined. Sungho developed the idea of the third Pure Emotion in the chi realm following Yulgok but distinguishes it from the Pure Four Beginnings following Toegye's thesis. The Pure Emotion and the Human Mind Corresponding to Tao Mind guaranteed in the realm of the chi Arising stand itself as a ternary territory where the dual layers are overlapped. Wonhyo and Sungho share the same non-sectarian, taking merits even from opposite schools, attitudes towards their ancestral schools such as Yogācāra and Tathāgatagarbha (Wonhyo) and Toegye and Yulgok (Sungho) for instance. Wonhyo acknowledges that the Original Enlightenment cannot be distinguished from the Suchness Itself while it belongs to the realm of the Arising-Ceasing Aspects. The Human Mind following Tao Mind and the Pure Mind of Sungho are equalled to the Four Beginnings and the Tao Mind in essence even though they are affected by the chi of shape. This ternary territory resolves the stark confrontation of the extreme bipolarity but consequently embraces the contradiction in the form of contraction, creating more complicated and sophisticated debates on the focused subjects and notions. This paper traces the steps of this intellectual journey that Wonhyo and Sungho pursued in the Commentary of TMF and TFSD respectively. 이원적 대립과 모순의 극복을 위해 매개하는 제3의 영역은 양극이 매개하고 화해하는 접점인 동시에 다원적 분화가 촉발되는 분기점이다. 이 논문에서는 이원적 대립의 해소를 모색하였던 동아시아불교와 조선성리학의 지적성찰에서, 특히 서로를 배제하는(mutually exclusive) 양 극단을 배제하고 양자를 포괄하는(both A and B) 제3의 중간지대를 설정하는 3원론적 사유방식의 전개과정을 탐구한다. 『기신론』과 원효의 주석에서 일심(一心)의 일원적체계는 진여-생멸로 전개하고, 그것은 다시 체상용의 삼대(三大)를 통해 양극의 중첩지점이 설정된다. 본각의 진여상에서는 진여와 생멸, 체(體)와 상(相)이 중첩되면서, 여래장과 알라야식성이 중층적인 원융을 이룬다. 조선성리학의 사칠논쟁에서 성호의 『사칠신편』은 발생적 측면에서 리기이원적 체계(퇴계)와 기일원적체계(율곡)를 제3영역의 확보를 통해 통합하고자 한다. 성호는 순수하게 리발(理發)에 의해 발생하는 형이상의 사단을 인정하는 동시에, 기(氣)의 발현에 의한 ‘청명순수한 감정,’ ‘도심을 따르는 인심’이라는 특수한 영역을 인정하여, 칠정에 사단을 포함시키는 율곡학파의 입장을 절충한다. 원효와 성호는 공통적으로 종파적 입장에 경도되지 않고, 대립하는 주장들의 장점을 취하고 상대의 입각점을 통해 문제점을 보강하는 방식을 취한다. 『기신론』에서 본각(本覺)이나 ‘자체의 상(相)’은 진여 자체(體)와 동일시할 수는 없지만, 그것과 구분되거나 분리되지 않는다. 기발(氣發)의 ‘청명한 감정’과 ‘도심을 따르는 인심’은 결코 도심(道心)과 동일시될 수는 없지만, 내용적으로는 차이가 없다. 이같은 개념적 장치들은 양극의 모순을 집약하고 제3의 영역으로 분화하지만, 이 제3의 영역에서 모순은 더욱 정교한 미분의 형태로 드러난다. 따라서 모순적 대립개념을 화해시키려는 노력은 정밀하고 복잡한 지적탐색에도 불구하고, 또 다른 모순으로 떨어지거나, 실패한 해명의 봉합으로 마무리되기 쉽다. 이 논문에서는 이원적 분열을 극복하고 제3의 접점을 모색하는 원효와 성호의 지적탐색의 경로를 추적해 본다.

자궁경부암 환자의 혈중 Interleukin - 6 ( IL- 6 ) 의 정량분석

이규완(K . W . Lee),김종오(J . O . Kim),장기훈(K. H . Chang),이용호(Y . H . Lee),이낙우(N . W . Lee),박용균(Y . K . Park),조윤정(Y . J . Cho),김영태(Y . T . Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.9

Objective : To evaluate the relationship between the level of serum IL-6 and the prognosis of cervical cancer patients, because high level of IL-6 has been reported to be related with adverse prognosis in multiple myeloma, renal cancer, glioblastoma, ovarian cancer and lymphoma. Methods : From June, 1997 to June 1998, total 58 patients including 29 patients with cervical cancer, 14 Carcinoma in situ, 15 control were enrolled in this study. We examined these patients of serum IL-6 by ELISA. Result : The mean serum IL-6 was 4.35±1.68pg/ml on control, 5.29±1.72pg/ml on carcinoma in situ and 5.57±4.10pg/ml in cervical cancer patients.Conclusion : Detectable serum IL-6 levels were more often in patients with cervical cancer and carcinoma in situ than in control group, but the difference was not statistically significant because of the small number of patients.

자궁경부암 환자에서 종양표지물질 CYFRA 21 - 1 의 분석

이규완(K . W . Lee),정수경(S . K . Jung),김종오(J . O . Kim),이낙우(N . W . Lee),박용균(Y . K . Park),구병삼(P . S . Ku),최재걸(J . G . Choi),김영태(Y . T . Kim) 대한산부인과학회 2000 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.43 No.10

Objective: CYFRA 21-1 is known to be a cytokeratin 19 fragment and elevated levels of CYFRA 21-1 have been detected in a large number of patients with non-small cell carcinoma of lung, particularly squamous cell carcinoma. The objective of our study were to evaluate the possibility of tumor marker of cervical cancer and to compare serum CYFRA 21-1 with serum SCC in patients with cervical cancer.Materials and methods: From February 1998 to January 1999, serum level of CYFRA 21-1 and SCC were measured in 46 patients with CIN, CIS, carcinoma of cervix before initial treatment. and 21 normal control cases. Results: Using 2.0 ng/ml as cut-off value, elevated CYFRA 21-1 levels were found in 4.8% of control cases, 25% of patients with CIN, 14.3% of patients with CIS, and 41.6% of patients with cervical cancer. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value(PPV), and negative predictive value(NPV) of serum CYFRA 21-1 were 41.7%, 95.2%, 90.9% and 58.8%, respectively. The sensitivity was 20.8% for SCC. The mean concentrations of SCC and CYFRA 21-1 were not correlated to FIGO stages and pathologic types. Conclusion: Serum CYFRA 21-1 was more sensitive than serum SCC for both early and advanced carcinoma of the cervix in our study. CYFRA 21-1 may be of significance as an additional marker in the management of patients with cervical cancer, but further investigation is needed.

노화에 따른 남녀간의 코골이 빈도에 관한 연구: 폐경의 위험 인자 연구를 위한 예비 연구

김탁 ( Kim Tag ),정화경 ( Jeong Hwa Gyeong ),임지은 ( Im Ji Eun ),조권문 ( Jo Gwon Mun ),박성훈 ( Park Seong Hun ),이규완 ( Lee Gyu Wan ),김선행 ( Kim Seon Haeng ) 대한폐경학회 2003 대한폐경학회지 Vol.9 No.2

목적 : 남성과 여성의 코골이 발생빈도의 차이와 여성의 코골이 빈도에 영향을 주는 인자를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 고려대학교 안산병원에 내원한 남자 2277명, 여자 1893명을 대상으로 코골이 유무 및 정도에 관한 문진과 호르몬 검사를 시행하였다. 그리고 남성과 여성, 코골이군과 비코골이군, 그리고 나이에 따른 코골이 발생빈도를 비교하였다. 결과 : 코골이 발생빈도는 남성과 여성에서 각각 39.91%, 19.65%로 남성에서 더 높았다. 그러나 50대 이후에서는 각각 29.67%, 30.40%로 비슷한 발생빈도를 보였다. 폐경 전과 후 여성에서 코골이 발생빈도는 각각 15.19%, 29.67%로 통계적으로 유의 있게 페경 후 여성에서 더 높았다(p<0.0001). 코골이군에서 안드로스테네디온, 에스트라디올, 디하이드로에피안드로스테론 설페이트는 낮게, 테스테스테론 수치는 낮게 나왔다. 결론 : 폐경 상태를 코골이의 변동성의 원인 인자 중 일부를 설명할 수 있으리라 생각된다. 폐경 후 여성에서 호르몬 분비 변화가 코골이 발생빈도에 영향을 주는 지의 여부는 더 연구가 필요하겠다. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to investigate the difference in prevalence of snoring between aging male and female, and to explore a risk factor affecting snoring in female. Methods: A total of 4170 subjects (male:2277(54.6%), female:(45.40%)) enrolled in ANSAN Health Study were randomly recruited and questions related snoring including demographic information and sleep-related symptoms were taken by well trained surveyors. We calculated the prevalence of snoring in male and female, and compared the difference of prevalence distribution. Results: The overall prevalence of snoring was higher in male than that of female (M: 39.91%, F: 19.65%). The peak age in male was 40-50s and in female was 50s, but the prevalence of snoring became almost same level with the progress of age after 50s. And the prevalence in postmenopausal group is same as that in more than 50s group (29.67%, 30.408). Conclusion: This study shows two interesting results; (1) The snoring increased significantly after menopause. (2) After menopause, the prevalence of snoring becomes almost same in both male and female. This data provide that post-menopausal hormonal change may influence the mechanism of snoring leading to increase the prevalence of snoring in menopausal women. The further patho-physiologic evaluation may be needed in women.

자궁경부와 자궁내막에 발생된 다발성 원발 악성종양 1 예

김창곤(CG Kim),오동규(DK Oh),이규완(KW Lee),박용균(YK Park),홍성봉(SB Hong),김인선(HS Kim) 대한산부인과학회 1987 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.30 No.3

c저자들은 자궁경부와 자궁내막에 발생된 매우 희귀한 다발성 원발 악성종양 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다 Since Bilorth described the first case in 1889, multiple primary malignant neoplasms seem to be increasing in frequency This may have come about with improved clinical awareness, increased life expectancy, increased use of chemotherapeutic agents, and degree of existing malignancy When discussing multiple primary cancer, it is clinically important to ascertain whether the patient with an initial cancer has an increased, decrease, or unchanged risk of developing a second cancer Recently we experienced a very rare case of multiple primary carcinoma involving the uterine cervix and the uterine endometrium Accordingly we present this rare case with a brief review of the literatures

양성 난소기형종과 합병된 갑상선성유암종 1 예

김종오(JO Kim),김현수(HS Kim),장기훈(KH Chang),김탁(T Kim),이규완(KW Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1997 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.40 No.3

Ovarian strumal carcinoid associated with mature cystic teratoma is rarer entity. Strumal carcinoid of the ovary is a type of germ cell tumor characterized by an intimate mixture of thyroid tissue and carcinoid. They are usually seen in postmenopausal women, and always bilateral. It is always benign, and treatment with a simple oophorectomy or salphingoophorectomy is effective. A case of strumal carcinoid with teratoma of the ovary in a 36 year old woman was presenter and reviewed briefly.

자궁파열이 합병된 융모 세포암이 질벽에 전이된 1 예

김영찬(YC Kim),김창곤(CG Kim),오동규(DK Oh),이규완(KW Lee) 대한산부인과학회 1988 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.31 No.6

융모 상피암의 흔한 합병증인 자궁파열로 인해 복강내 출혈을 일으키고, 또한 흔한 전이 장소인 질로 전이된 융모상피암을 전자궁 적출술 및 화학요법으로 치유하엿기에 이에 문헌 고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Choriocarcinoma is a very maligant frequency metatati form of gestational trophoblastic disease. Uterine perforation and hemorrhage is common. The most common site of metastasis is lung and vagina . We report a case of uterin perforation complicated by choriocarcinoma and vaginal wall metastasis with a brief review literatures.

자궁경부 편평상피암에서 Estrongen 수용체와 표피성장인자 수용체에 관한 면역조직학적 연구

김해중(HJ Kim),이규완(KW Lee),김인선(HS Kim),구병삼(BS Koo) 대한산부인과학회 1994 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.37 No.12

The expression of epidermal growth factor recceptor(EGFR) and eastrogen recceptor(ER) related protein was studied in squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix and the results were compared with malignant grade and lymphocytic infiltration. The study was performed in formalin fixed paraffin sections of 15 hysterectomizedd uterus of the squamous cell of the cervix by means of immunohistochemistry, with monoclonal antibodies. The staing index of EGFR in high grade of malignancy group was significantly higher than in low grade of malignancy group. But there was no significant difference of the staining index of ER between two groups. The staning index of ER has reversed relationship with the lymphocytic infiltration in tumor. From the above results, it may be assumed EGFR expression is prognostic index in the squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

난소암 환자 혈장에서 미세위성 표지자를 이용한 이형접합소실 분석

김용민 ( Yong Min Kim ),김영태 ( Young Tae Kim ),이규완 ( Kyu Wan Lee ) 대한산부인과학회 2002 Obstetrics & Gynecology Science Vol.45 No.9

Objective : Recent studies demonstrated that soluble tumor DNA is found in the plasma of cancer patients, and some microsatellite alteration have been identified in ovarian carcinoma. The aim of study was to detect microsatellite abnormalities in the plasma of patients with ovarian carcinoma and to evaluate their efficacy as molecular screening or diagnostic tool for ovarian cancer. Methods : In fifteen ovarian carcinoma patients, DNA was extracted from the plasma samples and microsatellite analysis was done with 11 microsatellite markers. Results : All fifteen cases showed at least one tumor specific alteration in microsatellite analysis. The frequency of genetic alteration varies from 14.2% to 85.7%. Highly frequent tumor specfic alteration markers are D18S69 (85.7%), D10S215 (69.2%), D16S504 (66.7%), D8SNEFL (62.5%) and D11S1340 (60.0%). Conclusion : These results suggest that the mutation of tumor DNA can be detected in plasma of patients with ovarian carcinoam. LOH is more frequent event and the frequency of genetic alteration is relatively higher than that of previous reports.