Studies on Histones from Sracoma 180 Ascites Tumor Cells. Biosynthesis and Phosphorylation

이강석,Lee, Kang-Suk 생화학분자생물학회 1971 한국생화학회지 Vol.4 No.2

1. Histone fractions, f1, f2b, f2a2, f3 and f2a1 were isolated from Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells and characterized by acrylamide disc electrophoresis, phosphorylation in vitro and amino acid analysis. 2. The rate of incorporation in vivo of L-Iysine-$^{14}C$ into different histone fractions isolated from tumor cells and tumor-bearing liver of mice has been determined for the study of biosynthesis. The fraction f2b from the tumor cells showed the highest incorporation rate, whereas the fraction f2a2 exhibited the lowest. No marked differences in the incorporation rate of the lysine-$^{14}C$ into the fractions f3, fl and f2a1 were observed 3. In the experiments with tumor-bearing mouse liver, the rate of lysine-$^{14}C$ into the histone fractions fl, f2a1, f2a2 and f3 was very similar to each other. On the other hand, the rate of incorporation of lysine-$^{14}C$ into the fraction f2b was approximately twice as high as that into other fractions. 4. The incorporation rate of lysine-$^{14}C$ into histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells was higher (approximately 1.5 times) than that into liver histone fractions. 5. Amino acid composition of the whole histone from the tumor cells is very similar to the published values for calf liver and kidney and rat liver. It is also similar to that for calf thymus except for the lower content of basic amino acids and lower ratio of basic residues. The whole histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells contained much less proline and methionine and much more glutamic acid, as compared with that isolated from others. Amino acid composition of the whole histone isolated from tumor-bearing liver of mice showed higher content of basic amino acids and lower content of acidic residues. 6. The relative amounts of incorporation in vitro of $^{32}P$ into different histone fractions from cells have been determined. The incorporation of $^{32}P$ into histone fractions f2b was the greatest, while almost no radioactivities were observed in the fractions f2a1 and f2a2. The incorporation of the radioisotopes into remaining fractions was variable from one fraction to another, the incorporation rate into the fraction fl being higher than that into the f3 fraction. 7. Evidence was obtained confirming the presence of phosphoserine in histone fractions f2b, f1 and f3 from cells. It was shown that a greater amount of $^{32}P$ was incorporated into the fraction f2b. being present in the form of phosphoserine in the proteins. 1. Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells에서 histone 분획 f1, f2b, f2a2, f3 및 f2a1을 각각 추출 정제하여 각 분획을 acrylamide disc electrophoresis. $^{32}P$를 사용하여 in vitro에서 phosphorylation 및 amino 산 조성을 관찰하여 이 물질들의 성상을 밝혔다. 2. 마우스의 복수암 세포 및 간에 lysine-$^{14}C$을 in vivo에서 incorporate 시켜 histone의 생합성을 각 분획별로 비교 관찰하였다. 복수암 세포 histone 에서는 lysine-$^{14}C$이 f2b 분획에 가장 많이 incorporate 된 반면 f2a2가 가장 적었다. 분획 f3, f1 및 f2a1에는 차이가 없이 비슷하였다. 3. 복수암이 이식된 마우스의 간 histone에 lysine-$^{14}C$의 incorporate 된 비율은 분획 f2b가 다른 분획 보다 2배 높았고 분획 f1, f2a1, f2a2 및 f3는 거의 비슷하였다. 4. Lysine-$^{14}C$의 incorporation은 복수암 histone 분획들이 간 histone 분획 보다 1.5 배나 더 많이 일어났다. 5. 복수암 세포 histone의 amino 산 조성은 이미 보고된 소의 간, 신장 및 흰쥐의 간 histone과 비슷하였다. 또 소 흉선 histone의 amino 산 조성에 비하면 염기성 amino 산 함량이 낮은 것과 산성 amino 산에 대한 염기성 amino 산의 비율이 낮은 점을 제외하고는 유사하였다. 복수암 세포의 총 histone을 기타 정상조직 histone과 비교하면 proline과 methionine이 대단히 적었고 glutamic acid의 함량이 더 많았다. 복수암을 이식한 마우스 간의 총 histone 의 amino 산 조성은 정상조직과 비교하면 염기성 amino 산 함량이 높았으며 산성 amino 산 함량이 낮었다. 6. 복수암 세포의 핵을 in vitro 에서 $^{32}P$와 함께 incubate 하고 histone 각 분획에 incorporate 되는 비율을 관찰하였다. Histone 분획 f2b에 가장 많이 $^{32}P$가 incorporate 된 반면 분획 f2a1 및 f2a2에는 거의 incorporate 가 일어나지 않았다. 기타 분획에 incorporate 되는 비율은 큰 차이를 나타냈다. 즉 분획 f1이 f3 보다 높은 방사능을 나타냈다. 7. Phosphoserine을 복수암 세포의 histone 분획 f2b, f1 및 f3에서 분리 확인하였으며 이런 점으로 미루어 분획 f2b 단백질 내에 phosphoserine의 형태로 많은 량의 $^{32}P$가 incorporate 됨을 알 수 있었다.

광합성 세균 Rhodobacter capsulata 에 의한 우라늄 흡착

이강석,김진규,김인규,박효국,이정호 ( Kang Suk Lee,Jin Kyu Kim,In Gyu Kim,Hyo Kook Park,Jeong Ho Lee ) 한국하천호수학회 1990 생태와 환경 Vol.23 No.4

Aqueous waste effluents from nuclear fuel processing operations may contain trace quantities of heavy metals such as uranium, Conventional treatment of waste waters may be ineffective or expensive when uranium concentrations in the waste water must be reduced down to 1 ㎍/㎖ or less. The ability of some microorganisms to uptake or adsorb dissolved heavy metals offers an alternative method for waste treatment. The adsorption of uranium by Rhodobacter capsulata DSM 1710, a strain of photosynthetic bacteria, was examined to identify factors that might affect a process for the removal of uranium from aqueous solution. The optimal pH for uranium adsorption was 4.5. Temperature had little or no effect on the process since more than 95% of dissoved uranium was adsorbed to the bacterial biomass within 10 minutes after mixing of cell biomass at 25, 30, and 40 ℃, all the same. Maximum capacity of uranium adsorption by R. capsulata DSM 1710 was equivalent to 1/4 of the dry cell mass (248 ㎍ U/㎎-dry biomass), the highest among the reported so far.

꽃게 ( Portunus trituberculatus ) Hemocyanin 의 정제 및 특성에 관하여

이강석,김상복,이정호 ( Kang Suk Lee,Sang Bog Kim,Jung Ho Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1985 BMB Reports Vol.18 No.2

The hemocyanin from the hemolymph of crab, Portunus trituberculatus which belong to crustacean was purified by a single step of ion-exchange column chromatography after dialysis and ultracentrifugation. The purified hemocyanin was revealed a high degree of polymorphism after analyzed it by Davis-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the peroxidase activity, and copper staining method. On the other hand, the denatured hemocyanin was appeared to be homogeneous polypeptide by SDS-PAGE, and the approximate molecular weight was estimated to be 70,000. It was found that the purified hemocyanin was a glycoprotein in nature that contained 2 males of copper/l mole of hemocyanin, and it was estimated that their contents in normal body fluid were approximately 46%.

꽃게 (Portunus trituberculatus) Hemocyanin의 정제 및 특성에 관하여

이강석,김상복,이정호,Lee, Kang-Suk,Kim, Sang-Bog,Lee, Jung-Ho 생화학분자생물학회 1985 한국생화학회지 Vol.18 No.2

꽃게 (P. trituberculatus) hemolymph를 채취한 후 원심분리 및 DEAE-Sephadex A-50 column chromatgraphy를 행하여 hemocyanin을 정제하였다. 정제된 hemocyanin은 단일 polypeptide로 이루어져 있었으며 monomer의 분자량은 약 70,000으로 추정 되었다. 또한 꽃게 hemolymph 단백질중 hemocyanin의 함량은 46%, Cu는 단일 polypeptide 당 2 mole, 그리고 당 함량은 단백질 mg 당 $10\;{\mu}g$ 이었다. 한편 정제된 hemocyanin은 Ca등 2가 이온을 가하지 않고 pH 5.7~8.9인 상태에서 mono, di, tri, tetra, pentamer등 다양한 polymorphism을 나타내었다. The hemocyanin from the hemolymph of crab, Portunus trituberculatus which belong to crustacean was purified by a single step of ion-exchange column chromatography after dialysis and ultracentrifugation. The purified hemocyanin was revealed a high degree of polymorphism after analyzed it by Davis-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the peroxidase activity, and copper staining method. On the other hand, the denatured hemocyanin was appeared to be homogeneous polypeptide by SDS-PAGE, and the approximate molecular weight was estimated to be 70,000. It was found that the purified hemocyanin was a glycoprotein in nature that contained 2 moles of copper/l mole of hemocyanin, and it was estimated that their contents in normal body fluid were approximately 46%.

영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션의 성공적 모델 제안: IS Success Model에 따른 소비자 태도와 관람의도를 중심으로

이강석(Kang-Suk Lee) 한국콘텐츠학회 2022 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.22 No.3

ICT 기술의 발전에 힘입어 다양한 모바일 어플리케이션이 속속들이 등장하고 이들이 개인의 삶 속에 깊이 파고든 시점, 영화산업의 새로운 성장판로를 모색하기 위하여 본 연구는 영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션의 성장 방안을 논의하였다. 실증연구를 통하여 영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션이 갖춰야 할 핵심요인을 탐색하기 위하여 본 연구에서는 정보시스템 성공 모델을 활용하여 각 품질요인이 영화 소비자의 영화에 대한 태도와 관람의도에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 연구 결과, 영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션의 품질요인 중 가장 중요한 요인은 정보 품질요인이었으며, 이어 서비스 품질이 차선으로 중요한 요인임이 도출되었다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 연구 결과를 바탕으로 국내 영화 산업의 발전을 위해 영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션들이 개선되어야 할 방안을 제시하여 새로운 유통 채널로서의 영화 콘텐츠 관련 어플리케이션의 방향성을 제안하였다. With the development of ICT technology, various mobile applications have appeared one after another, and they have penetrated deeply into the lives of individuals. In order to explore the key factors that movie content-related applications should have through empirical studies, this study used the information system success model to investigate the influence of each quality factor on movie consumers’ attitudes toward movies and their viewing intentions. As a result of the study, it was derived that the most important factor among the quality factors of movie content-related applications was the information quality factor, followed by the service quality being the next most important factor. In this study, based on the results of this study, the direction of application related to movie contents as a new distribution channel was proposed by suggesting a way to improve applications related to movie contents for the development of the domestic movie industry.

영화 속 시뮬라시옹을 통한 영화 트렌드의 탐색적 연구

이강석(Kang-Suk Lee) 한국콘텐츠학회 2020 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.20 No.9

본 연구는 장 보드리야르의 시뮬라시옹 이론을 통해 나타나는 탈근대 사회 속, 영화의 시뮬라시옹에 대해 탐색하였다. 21세기는 이미지의 시대라고 할 수 있을 만큼 표상적 이미지들이 주류를 이루며 실재와 허구가 구별되지 않는 시뮬라시옹적 세계에 놓여있다고 할 수 있다. 이러한 세상 속, 영화는 사람이 창작한 예술 작품으로서 본질적으로 ‘허구’라는 전제 하에 창작되나 현 포스트모더니즘 사회 속에서는 이 시뮬라시옹의 표현방식에 따라 영화에 대해 관객들이 호응하기도 하고, 외면하기도 한다. 이러한 측면에서 보아 시뮬라시옹의 표현 방식에 따른 트렌드를 살펴보았고, 흥행에 성공한 영화 작품들에서는 냉철한 현실을 다채롭고 다양하게 표현하며 긍정적인 ‘자극적’ 요소로 이를 표현한다는 점이 발견되었다. 이를 통해, 국내 영화의 제작에 있어 보다 깊이 있고 체계적으로 발전하기 위해서는 현실 세계에 대한 교훈적 메시지를 담은 시뮬라시옹을 체계적으로 구성하고 관객들의 호응을 이끌어 낼 수 있는 복선(伏線)인 휴머니즘적 가치를 다채롭고, 긍정적인 의미로서의 ‘자극적’으로 표현하려는 시도가 필요하다 결론을 내렸다. This study explored the simulation of film in the post-modern society through Jean Baudrillards theory of simulation. The 21st century can be said to be in a simulated world in which representational images dominate and can be said to be the era of images, where reality and imagination cannot be distinguished. In this world, movies are created under the premise of fictional as a work of art created by man, but in the present post-modern society, the audience responds to and ignores the movie according to the expression of this simulation. In this aspect, we looked at the trends according to the expression method of Simulation, and found that successful film works express the cold reality in various and diverse ways and express it with positive stimulating elements. Through this, in order to develop more deeply and systematically in the production of domestic films, various humanistic values, which are double tracks that can systematically compose a simulation that contains a didactic message about the real world and draw the audiences response, It was concluded that an attempt to express stimulating in a positive sense was necessary.

18. 마이크로파 전력측정의 표준화에 관한 연구

이강석(Lee, Kang Suk),정낙삼(Chung, Nak Sam) 대한전자공학회 1981 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1981 No.8

Sarcoma 180 복수암의 Histone 의 생합성 및 인산화에 관한 연구

이강석 ( Kang Suk Lee ) 생화학분자생물학회 1971 BMB Reports Vol.4 No.2

1. Histone fractions, f1, f2b, f2a2, f3 and f2a1 were isolated from Sarcoma 180 ascites tumor cells and characterized by acrylamide disc electrophoresis, phosphorylation in vitro and amino acid analysis. 2. The rate of incorporation in vivo of L-lysine-^(14)C into different histone fractions isolated from tumor cells and tumor-bearing liver of mice has been determined for the study of biosynthesis. The fraction f2b from the tumor cells showed the highest incorporation rate, whereas the fraction f2a2 exhibited the lowest. No marked differences in the incorporation rate of the lysine-^(14) into the fractions f3, f1 and f2a1 were observed. 3. In the experiments with tumor-bearing mouse liver, the rate of lysine-^(14)C into the histone fractions f1, f2a1, f2a2 and f3 was very similar to each other. On the other hand, the rate of incorporation of lysine-^(14)C into the fraction f2b was approximately twice as high as that into other fractions. 4. The incorporation rate of lysine-^(14)C into histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells was higher (approximately 1.5 times) than that into liver histone fractions. 5. Amino acid composition of the whole histone from the tumor cells is very similar to the published values for calf liver and kidney and rat liver. It is also similar to that for calf thymus except for the lower content of basic amino acids and lower ratio of basic residues. The whole histone fractions isolated from the tumor cells contained much less proline and methionine and much more glutamic acid, as compared with that isolated from others. Amino acid composition of the whole histone isolated from tumor-bearing liver of mice showed higher content of basic amino acids and lower content of acidic residues. 6. The relative amounts of incorporation in vitro of ^(32)P into different histone fractions from cells have been determined. The incorporation of ^(32)P into histone fractions f2b was the greatest, while almost no radioactivities were observed in the fractions f2a1 and f2a2. The incorporation of the radioisotopes into remaining fractions was variable from one fraction to another, the incorporation rate into the fraction f1 being higher than that into the f3 fraction. 7. Evidence was obtained confirming the presence of phosphoserine in histone fractions f2b, f1 and f3 from cells. It was shown that a greater amount of ^(32)P was incorporated into the fraction f2b, being present in the form of phosphoserine in the proteins.

폴리아미드계 열가소성탄성체의 합성, 특성 및 응용

이강석 ( Kang Suk Lee ),최명찬 ( Myung Chan Choi ),김성만 ( Sung Man Kim ),장영욱 ( Young Wook Chang ) 한국고무학회 2010 엘라스토머 및 콤포지트 Vol.45 No.3

열가소성 탄성체(TPE)는 사용 온도 범위에서 일반 열경화성 고무와 같은 고무 탄성을 지니면서 용융 가공이 가능한 친환경 소재로써 산업 전반에 걸쳐 활용도가 꾸준히 증가하고 있다. 폴리아미드계 TPE (TPAE)는 하드 세그멘트가 엔지니어링 플라스틱인 폴리아미드로 이루어져 있고, 소프트 세그먼트가 유리전이온도가 낮은 폴리에테르로 이루어진 다중 블록 공중합체로써 우수한 기계적 물성, 내화학성, 내열성 및 가공성을 나타낸다. 이러한 폴리아미드계 TPE는 하드 세그먼트와 소프트 세그먼트의 구조 및 상대적 조성에 따라 탄성체에서부터 연질 폴리아미드까지의 광범위한 특성이 발현되며, 또한, 다양한 무기 입자와의 하이브리드화를 통한 기능성 소재로의 활용이 기대되는 소재이다. 본 보문에서는 이러한 TPAE를 합성 할 수 있는 중합 방법과 특성 및 응용 분야에 대해 정리하였다. Thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs) exhibit both elastomeric behaviors at used temperature range and melt processibility. Polyamide based thermoplastic elastomers (TPAEs) are segmented block copolymers with hard blocks consisting of polyamide segments, while the soft blocks usually consist of flexible segments having a low glass transition temperature. The TPAE is one of the engineering TPEs possessing high thermal stability, excellent mechanical performances, chemical resistance and excellent processibility. And they showed wide range of physical and functional properties depending upon the structure of each segment and their relative contents and the hybridization with various inorganic particles. In this review, synthesis, properties, and possible applications of TPAEs are summarized.

제한된 공간에서의 서스펜스 표현방식에 관한 연구

이강석(Kang Suk Lee) 한국콘텐츠학회 2016 한국콘텐츠학회논문지 Vol.16 No.6

서스펜스는 다양한 기법들이 상호 유기적으로 관객의 지각에 영향을 주어 구현된다. 이러한 다양한 기법들은 형식적 체계로서 제한된 공간과 더불어 고립감을 유발시킨다. 뿐만 아니라 이는 관객에게 벗어날 수 없을 것 이라는 정서적 체험의 강도를 높여주며 깊이 또한 강화시켜주는 역할을 하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 제한된 공간을 소재로 활용한 영화 〈베리드 Buried〉 (2010)와 〈127시간 127 Hours〉 (2010)을 분석대상으로 삼아 살펴보고자 하였다. 이를 통해, 치밀한 시점의 전환과 플래시백을 분석하고, 서스펜스 표현의 의미를 제고해 보는 것이 본 연구의 연구목적이다. 시점의 전환을 기반으로 서스펜스가 어떻게 표현되는지, 나아가 플래시백이 어떻게 심리와 감정을 전달하는지 고찰해보고자 한다. The suspense will be realized as various techniques influenced the perception of audience organically each other. These varied techniques induce isolation as well as a restricted space as formal system. Moreover, it could intensify emotional experience of audience that they will not escape in addition to the depth.. This study chose a movie 〈Buried〉 (2010) and 〈127 hours〉 (2010) which used the limited space as the material as the analysis target to examine. It is the goal of this study to analyze the conversion of careful viewpoint and the flashback, and to raise the meaning of the suspense expression through this. The researcher would consider how the suspense is expressed based on the conversion of viewpoint and how the flashback delivers the psychology and emotion.