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윤병모(Yoon, Byoung-Mo) 한국유라시아연구원 2021 유라시아문화 Vol.4 No.-
건창 동대장자 유적에서는 모두 173개의 무덤이 조사되었으며, 이 가운데 47개의 무덤에 대한 발굴조사가 실시되었다. 본고에서는 발굴조사가 이루어진 47개의 무덤 중에서 유물이 출토된 34개의 무덤을 대상으로 무덤의 구조와 출토유물의 성격을 검토하였다. 특히 동대장자유적 가운데 M11과 M45 무덤에서 출토된 비파형동검에 금장식(金粧飾)이 이루어져 있는 점에 주목하였으며, 요녕식 동과가 함께 출토된 점을 같이 다루었다. 이러한 특징은 동대장자 묘지에서도 M11과 M45 무덤이 수장급(首長級) 무덤으로 간주될 수 있을 것이다. 이외에도 연(燕)의 요소가 강하게 투영된 M40과 M47 무덤에서는 연식 도기(燕式 陶器)와 예기(禮器) 등의 부장품이 출토되었다. M40과 M47 무덤은 연문화와 재지계 문화가 융합된 무덤으로 생각할 수 있다. 또한 M32와 M34, M45 무덤에서 개궁모가 집중된 현상을 주목하였다. 이로 본다면 동대장자 유적을 조영한 토착계는 이를 정치적 그리고 군사적 권위의 수장층으로 받아들였다. 하지만 『위략』에서 보는 것처럼 조선은 연에 대해 점점 강한 자세를 취한 것으로 보인다. 이에 따라 요동지역에 존재하였던 고조선과 동일한 정치체를 형성하였던 것으로 보여지는 진번이 요서에 위치한 것으로 보고, 진번이 전국연에 가장 먼저 쉽게 노출되는 현상을 주목하였다. 때문에 사마천의 『사기』 「조선열전」에서 연의 첫 번째 상대는 조선이 아닌 진번으로 해석된다. 진번은 연소왕 시절에 진개의 공격을 받고 요서 곧 건창 동대장자에서 물러났던 것으로 보인다. 그 구체적인 시기는 기원전 282년부터 280년 사이로 연의 공격을 받은 진번은 요서에서 퇴각하여, 요하이동 곧 평양지역으로 옮겼다고 생각된다. In Dongdazhangzi’s most important tombs like No. M11 and M45, the grave goods such as Bipa shaped bronze dagger were decorated with gold ornaments. In addition, the fact that Liaoning style bronze spear was excavated was important. For this reason, tombs of No. M11 and M45 were recognized as chief level tombs in Dongdazhangzi site. Furthermore, the No. M40 and M47 tomb, which have strong Yan culture influence, were also noted. In the No. M40 and M47 of tombs, the elements of Yan culture cannot be hidden in burial items such as pottery and ritual ceremonial bowl. Nevertheless, in No. M40 and M47 of tombs, we are able to find that the head direction of human bones tended to eastward and the buried alive with the dead. Therefore, No. M40 and M47 tombs can be thought of as a tombs in which Yan culture and local culture are interacted. This is the result of the natural inflow of the Yan culture in the Liaoxi area, and it shows further progress in terms of cultural exchange and imitation. The native affiliation in Dongdazhangzi took political and military authority as the leader of there society. However, as implied by 『Weilue』, Choseon took a stronger stance toward the Yan. Accordingly, it was evident that Jinbeon, that formed the same political polity as Choseon, which existed in the Liaodong area, was the first to be easily exposed to the Yan located in Liaoxi area. For this reason, it was compile it by government, in the the biographies of Choseon in 『Shiji』 was Jinbeon, not Choseon. Jinbeon seems to be withdrawed from Dongdazhangzi after being attacked by Qinkai in the period of the King of Yan-zhao. The period detailed is between 282 and 280 B.C. It is thought that Jinbeon, that was attacked by Yan, retreated from Liaoxi area and moved to the eastern area of Liaohe.
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윤병모(Yoon, Byoung-mo) 한국유라시아연구원 2024 유라시아문화 Vol.10 No.-
From the house and population register of Lelangjun, six xians including Chosun, Namhan, Zengdi, Nianchan, Siwang, and Tunyou in District 1, five xians Suicheng, Roufang, Hunmi, Peishui, and Guilie in District 3 , and Dongyi and Fuzuxian in District 4 are excluded. In that case, the 5 xians of Dongyi, Cantai, Huali, There are also claims that the house and population register of Lelangjun include 6xian in District 4 and some or all of District 3 as the remaining xian of Lintunjun. However, this directly contradicts the fact that in the first half of Hui’s Sanguozhi, each territory is divided by mountains and rivers. If only Dongyixian appears as Lintunjun in Zone 4, it is difficult for Lintunjun to be set in Zone 4. It is believed that at the time of its establishment, the first Lintunjun was located outside the Lelangjun home and area represented in the population register. If we accept the claim that District 4 is Lintunjun, Xuantujun with 3 xians and Lintunjun with 15 xians in a population of 220,000 result in the phenomenon of two junxians overlapping in one community. It is claimed that Canghaijun, established in 128 BC, was established in the Yae region of Donghae. It is also problematic that Canghaijun claimed completely different names, Xuantu and Lintunjun, even though they were installed in the same area 20 years later. There is absolutely no reason for Canghaijun with a population of 280,000, Xuantujun with a population of 220,000, and Lintunjun, consisting of 15 xian, to be established in a small area east of Dandandaeryeong in double or triple form at 20-year intervals. The remaining xian in District 4, Buer, Huali, Xietoumei, Cantai, and Qianmo, can be said to have originally belonged to the original Lelangjun. It can be seen that Dongyixian is just one xian of the old Lintunjun who was moved and placed in District 4 with a greatly reduced number of households and population.
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윤병모 ( Yoon Byoung Mo ) 국제뇌교육종합대학원 국학연구원 2022 선도문화 Vol.32 No.-
In order to find out what kind of river Paesu is, I looked up the old Castle of Liaodong that is appeared to 『Shiji』. I also checked Qingukongdishangxiazhang. Liaodong in 『Shiji』 is Liaoxi area. Qingukongdishangxiazhang is today the Dalinghe mouth of the river and the Liaohe mouth of the river. In 『Shiji』, it is indicated as ‘dongzou’. Weiman’s direction of travel is west to east. That river is Paesu. Therefore, Paesu is a river in the north-south direction. Manfanhan stands for bog or wetland. After all, Manfanhan is Paesu. The Raoyanghe in the west of Liaohe is Paesu. Wanggeomsung was to the east of Raoyanghe and west of Liaohe. Xiandu was wearing Liaohe. The location of Xiandu is Sunchengzi old castle west of Liaohe. This corresponds to the Liaohe downstream delta. Liaohe downstream is an earth and sand spill formed by a sedimentary layer. So the land continues to increase. This is connected with Zengdi and Zengtu of 『Hanshu』. A Han soldier advances without any hurdle up to Xiandu. So reach the south of Wanggeomsung. Therefore, Wanggeomsung was located in an area close to the sea.
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