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신공범 이화여자대학교 간호과학연구소 1994 Health & Nursing Vol.6 No.-
This article presents a brief overview of the major information which is necessary to understand HIV infection and AIDS. Behaviors such as risky sexual contacts and intravenous drug use continue to be the major source of HIV acquisition and transmission. Prevention continues to hinge on education for behavioral change, safe sexual contacts, screening of blood donations and changing indication for blood transfusion. Medical and scientific advancement have improved th quality of life for some infected persons and hold promise in the future for an effective vaccine for possible cure. Health-care givers, especially nurses, have the primary responsibility of providing comfort and care of those living with HIV /AIDS. This responsibility to care provides nurses a "privileged place" in the epidemic and the same time challenges all health-care workers to examine their own motivations to care ; to confront sometimes discomforting attitudes and behaviors in themselves and their colleagues ; and to encourage safe and responsible professional practice. The HIV infection, AIDS problems, and issues are discussed in this paper to assist nurses challenge and assume leadership roles as practitioners, managers, educators, and participants in policy shaping. As the face of the epidemic shifts in the years to come, nursing's proactive approach needs to change in order to meet new challenges and responses to individuals, family, and community needs. Nurses must not only continue to assume their legitimate roles as knowledgeable, compassionate, and effective care providers, but also become fuller participant in HIV/AIDS policy developments that ultimately influence the lives of all.
愼公範,李光玉 梨花女子大學校 韓國生活科學硏究院 1981 韓國生活科學硏究院 論叢 Vol.28 No.-
학문분야 사이를 엇물리는 방향으로 발전하고 있는 일반체계이론이 현재 인간에 대한 개념, 간호의 목표, 간호활동을 정의하려는 간호학자들의 간호모델에 있어서 이론적 배경을 이루고 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 일반체계이론에 근거한 간호모델들을 살펴본 후에 간호학 분야에서 가장 널리 받아들여지고 있는 로저스의 간호모델을 논의함으로써 간호이론의 정립을 위한 일반체계이론의 역할을 분석하였다. Nursing is established it self as a scientific discipline. Nursing's trust toward scientifically sound social usefulness includes the development of conceptual models. The nursing model provides the basis for selecting knowledge to be transmitted in nursing education, the framework for nursing practice, and the impetus and direction for nursing research. In this study, the varieties of literature were reviewed in regard to the human being as recipient of nursing care through the nursing theory development which on the basis of general system theories. The views of man outlined by each of the nursing authors cited present certain similarities as well as some basic differences. Rogers, Neuman, Roy, Johnson, and Chrisman all emphasize that man is a system in interaction with his environment. Differences begin to appear what each individual theorist considers to be the compont parts of the system of man. The explication of the subsystems of man vary from board outlines to more precisely defined subsystems. Neuman states that the patient is a dynamic composite of the interrelationship of four vqriqbles: physiologic, sociocultural, psychologic, and developmental. Johnson refer to behavioral subsystems: There are affiliative, achievement, aggresive, protective, dependency, eliminative, restorative, and sexual. According to Roy man has four adaptive modes:physiologic, self-concept, role functioning and interdependences. Chrisman describes man as interlocking biologic, interpersonal, and intrapersonal systems. In addition, Rogers has directed some important work which can be viewed as specofying how subsystems act. She describes the principles of homeodynamics as being reciprocy, synchrony, helicy, and resonancy. Based on the similaisties and differences of the nursing models previously presented, the systems approach by nursing model to a view of the recipient of nursing care may be stated as follows: Man is a unified whole consisting of subsystems, In his interaction with his environment man has lines of defense ane internal regulating mechanisms which function by the principles of homeodynamics.