건축디자인 개념(Concept)의 설정과 스키마(Schema)의 관계에 관한 연구

송석현(Song Suk-Hyun) 대한건축학회 2009 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.25 No.1

Because the Design is "ill-defined" problem, that cannot be described completely. and subjectively interpret depend on the situation, it is very difficult to present a theoretical standard. also, most of design process made by designer's individual thinking system. but the architectural design, must contain a designer's thinking and some characteristics by the theoretical knowledge process. For design embodiment, it is important to understand about effective experiential rules, namely 'Schema‘, and 'Design concept'. Design concept is designer's primary factor and target. Design concept is never change through the whole design process. and many necessary conditions. Schema include the settlement of problems as well as a new problem discovery in design process. The schema that formed by problems settlement and process repetitions for the best conclusion, not only play an important part in the designer's thinking system about a specific problem, but also appeared by distinctive features and included by designer's ideology. Consequently on this study, at the start, we establish the meaning of concept and schema. according to general understanding about design. then, according to understanding the designer's thinking, analysis the Establishment of the Architectural Design Concept and an Effect of the Schema.

응용예술로서 건축 디자인의 상징성에 관한 연구

송석현(Song, Suk-Hyun) 한국실내디자인학회 2014 한국실내디자인학회논문집 Vol.23 No.3

As a applied art, Architecture is a synthetic art for dwelling and settlement. It has started with the origin of the human. and Artistical-technological indicator, include not only materiality but also immateriality such as history and society. After 20C, various categories of thinking is a undergoing rapid change, especially, beginning in 1900, The intrinsic value of “Fine Art” had lost their competitive power in the face of industrial revolution’s mass production, and it has been displaced by a “new concept”, such as a conveyance of meaning or rational way of thinking. This change means free from the tradition and custom of a past. for that reasons, Due to the nature of applied art, it always include design symbolism and designer’s thinking is mainly processed in their own system of thinking. Symbolism for the art was distinguished from a general concept by the connotative meaning that called "the dual image" Therefore, at the start, this study will define about design and symbolism with a architecture as a applied art. then, Analysis the expression tendency of the contemporary architecture and modification. as a result, It aim to systematize mapping process and suggest the classification of various visual cue.

조선시대 상주지역 서원의 동향

송석현(Suk Hyun Song ) 영남대학교 민족문화연구소 2022 민족문화논총 Vol.81 No.-

조선시대 상주 지역은 영남의 다른 지역에 비해 서원의 건립이 늦었다. 1606년 상주 최초의 서원인 도남서원 건립된 이후 17세기에는 옥성서원과 근암서원이 건립되었다. 세 서원은 건립 과정에서 상주 사족들의 참여가 점차감소하는 모습을 보이고 있다. 근암서원은 일부 상주 사족들의 반대와 문경, 용궁, 안동의 사족들의 참여가 나타나고 있다. 상주 사족 사회가 분화되는 모습이 서원의 건립에서 나타난다. 18세기 전반에는 서인계 서원과 남인계 서원의 건립이 증대된다. 서인계서원은 상주에서 재지적 기반이 확고한 서인계 사족들이 산림과 관의 지원을통해 흥암서원, 서산서원, 운계서원 등을 건립하였다. 남인계 서원은 서원이위치한 지역의 가문들이 주도하며 근암서원과 비슷하게 상주의 사족들 뿐만아니라 주변의 다른 지역의 사족들의 참여도 보이고 있다. 18세기 후반에는 서원의 건립과 운영에서 정치적인 당색보다는 가문간의유대와 중앙 세도가와의 문중 관계가 더욱 중요한 사항으로 등장하였다. 기존의 서원이 문중서원화 되기도 하고, 하나의 가문 출신의 인물이 제향되는 문중서원들이 건립되었다. During the Joseon Dynasty, the construction of Seowon was delayed in Sangju compared to other areas in Yeongnam. After Donam seowon Confucian Academy, the first Confucian academy in Sangju, was built in 1606, Okseong seowon Confucian Academy and Geunam seowon Confucian Academy were built in the 17th century. In the process of construction of the three Confucian academies, the participation of the Sangju Sajok(士族) is gradually decreasing. Geunam seowon Confucian Academy is opposed by some of the Sangju Sajok and the participation of the Sajok of Mungyeong, Yonggung, and Andong. The differentiation of the Sangju Sajok society appears in the construction of the Confucian academy. In the first half of the 18th century, the construction of Seoin affiliation Seowon and Namin affiliation Seowon increased. Seoin affiliation Seowon was established in Sangju by Seoin affiliation's Sajok with a solid financial foundation, Heungam Seowon, Seosan Seowon, and Ungye Seowon through the support of Sanrim(山林) and government offices. Namin affiliation Seowon is led by families in the area where the Seowon is located, and similar to Geunam seowon Confucian Academy, the participation of not only the Sangju Sajok but also the Sajok of other surrounding regions is shown. In the second half of the 18th century, the family ties and the family-to-family relationship emerged as more important matters in the construction and operation of the Confucian academy than political grandeur. The existing Confucian academy was transformed into a family Confucian academy, and a family Confucian academy was built where a person from a single family was enshrined.

현대건축의 패러다임 전환에 따른 지역주의적 다양성에 관한 연구

송석현(Song, Suk-Hyun) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.12

Architecture is characteristic of the age. It is a artistical-technological indicator that include not only material aspects but also immaterial aspects, such as history and society. As a synthetic art, modern architecture have changed for convenience and functional rationality, consequently, It’s spatial composition and expression was by and by conforming to a single standard. Modern architecture proposed a new aesthetic concept of technical engineering, but traditional, regional characteristics are feathered out by conformity. The sense of place is the site for structures. also It has some visual node and experienced by many contextural relationships. On the other hand, The regional characteristic is more comprehensive key word. and It is concerned with immaterial factors, such as, culture, tradition, and natural context. The sense of place and regional characteristic have various and distinctive identities, also It means not only simply building’s location, but also modern architecture’s oneness and individuality. On this study, at the start, we establish the basic concept of paradigm and transfer, according to general understanding about ‘recovery of the memory’. then analyze the identities of regionalism by the analogical visual cue and metaphorical abstractness, through the key example, such as Aldo Rossi, O.M.Ungers, and Giuseppe Terragni, Antoine Predock.

17세기 상주지역 사족의 동향

송석현 ( Suk Hyun Song ) 경북대학교 영남문화연구원 2015 嶺南學 Vol.0 No.27

조선시대의 사족은 16세기 무렵부터 중앙과 지방에서 사회를 주도하는 계층으로 성장하였다. 중앙으로 진출한 사족은 사림으로서 향후 조선의 국정을 주도하는 세력으로 성장하였으며, 지방에서는 재지사족으로서 향촌사회 운영의 한 축을 담당하게 되었다. 17세기가 되면 사족은 성리학을 바탕으로 조선시대 지배층으로 확고하게 자리 잡았다. 특히 영남에서는 퇴계의 사상을 이은 남인들이 재지적 기반을 바탕으로 중앙에서 활약하였다. 17세기 영남은 정치적으로 남인의 기반이자 사족들의 향촌지배체제가 구현된 조선사회의 단면을 가장 잘 파악할 수 있는 지역이었다. 지금까지의 연구 역시 이를 바탕으로 퇴계의 사상과 이를 이은 남인들의 정치적 활동이나 사족들의 지방지배에 중점을 두고 이루어졌다. 그러나 두 방향에 대한 연구유기적으로 연계되지 못하고 개별적으로 이루어졌다. 따라서 연구 성과에 비해 조선시대 영남의 사족을 단편적으로 파악해왔다. 특히 퇴계학을 이은 남인의 관점에 매몰되는 경향이 강하다. 17세기 조선은 사족의 확대와 분화가 중앙에서는 동서분당이후 남인과 서인의 대립으로 이어지고, 지방에서는 지역 사족들의 성장과 갈등이 일어나고 있었다. 그리고 이러한 상황은 중앙과 지방에서 유기적으로 발생하였다. 특히 상주는 이러한 특징이 가장 잘 드러나는 지역이었다. 영남의 大邑으로 낙동강을 낀 교통로의 요지, 충청도와의 접경이라는 지리적 특징으로 인해 교류와 소통이 이루어지는 상주는 사족들의 형성과 성장에서도 지역적 특징이 그대로 반영되어 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 상주의 지리적 특징을 바탕으로 상주 사족들의 형성과 성장, 변화의 과정을 통하여 17세기 중반까지 상주 사족의 특징을 규명하고자 하였다. 16세기 중반 이후부터 형성된 상주의 사족들은 契의 결성과 향안의 작성등을 통해 성장하였고 임진왜란을 겪으면서 의병활동을 통해 상주 사회에서 강한 영향력을 가질 수 있었다. 임진왜란이 끝난 후 전후 복구를 위해 사설의료기관인 存愛院을 운영하였다. 또 지역의 공론 형성과 사족들의 정체성을 확립할 수 있는 道南書院을 건립하였다. 이 과정에서 洛社. 사족들을 중심으로 상주 사족들은 결집할 수 있었다. 17세기 초반 상주 사족 사회는 사족의 성장을 바탕으로 확대되고 있었다. 상주 사족 사회가 확대됨에 따라 사족 사이에 갈등이 발생하였다. 사족 사회의 확대에 따른 사족 간의 분화와 갈등은 당시 사족들의 활동 중심인 서원·서당의 운영에서 잘 드러난다. 도남서원과 玉成書院의 종향에 따른 논란은 상주 사족 갈등의 하나이다. 그러나 수선서당의 운영에서 보이는 사족들의 분화와 근암서원의 건립에서 나타나는 산양 사족과 상주 사족들 간의 갈등은 상주의 사족 사회가 확대되고 있음을 보여주는 것이다. 상주 각 지역에서 성장한 사족들은 17세기 중반 이후 독자적인 공론을 주장 할 정도로 성장하고 17세기 후반 이후의 공론정치에서 상주가 영남의 다른 지역과는 달리 다양한 공론이 표출되는 계기가 되었다. Sajok(士族) in the Joseon Dynasty grew up to be leading class both at central and local society from around the 16th century. Sajok who advanced to the central government were developed into Sarim(士林), which dominates government policy and those who remained in local area took charge of the mainstay of local society as local Sajok. In the 17th century, Sajok firmly occupied dominating position in Joseon Dynasty based on Neo-Confucianism. Especially in Youngnam area, Nam-in(南人) who were successors of Toegye(退溪)’s thought worked for central government having the local power as their basis. Youngnam(嶺南) in 17th century was political foundation of Nam-in and most visible area for showing one aspect of Joseon society that Sajok’s local dominating system was embodied from. Previous studies also have focused on Nam-in’s political activities or Sajok’s domination on the local as successors of Toegye’s thought. But the studies on both tendencies have been conducted separately without having systemic connection. Therefore Youngnam Sajok in the Joseon Dynasty has been understood fragmentarily in comparison with the study result. In particular the studies have been tended to be partial toward Nam-in’s standpoint who had succeeded Toegye studies(退溪學). In the 17th century Joseon, expansion and seperation of Sajok led to confrontation between Nam-in and Seo-in(西人) after east-west political factions in the center, while having growth and conflicts ofSajok in the local area. And this situation happen organically both in the central and local. Especially Sangju was best place that shows this characteristic. As a major city of Youngnam, there were a lot of communication and exchange due to the geographic condition of being major transportation point and bordering on Chungcheong-do and Sangju``s this characteristic was reflected in the formation and development of local Sajok. This study tried to find out the characteristic of Sangju Sajok until the middle of 17th century by processing Sangju Sajok``s formation, development and change based on Sangju``s geographical characteristic. Sangju Sajok who had been formed since the middle of 16th century grew up by associating gye(契), making the Hyangan(鄕案), etc, and had great influence on Sangju society by righteous army(義兵) movement during the Japanese Invasion of 1592∼1598(壬辰倭亂). After the war, they ran a private medical institution, Jonaewon(存愛院), for post-war reconstruction and built Do-nam Seowon(道南書院) for the formation of local public opinion and establishment of Sajok identity. In this process, Sangju Sajok could be united around Naksagye(洛社楔) Sajok. Sangju Sajok society was expanding due to the growth of Sajok in early 17th century. As Sangju Sajok society expanded, conflicts among Sajok arose. These conflicts were more evident in management of Seowon and Seodang(書堂) which were the core of Sajok’s activities. The controversy in the management of Do-nam Seowon and Ok-seong Seowon(玉成書院) was one of Sangju Sajok’ conflicts. However the expansion of Sangju Sajok society was revealed by Sajok’s separation in management of Su-seon Seodang(修善書堂) and conflict between Sanyang(山陽) Sajok and Sangju Sajok on establishing Gun-am Seowon(近岩書院). Sajok who grew up in each local area was grown enough to insist independent public opinion since the middle of 17th century, and unlike other region in Youngnam area, this enables Sangju to express various public opinion in politics after the late 1700s.

디자인 언어의 지각과 전이(轉移)를 통한 건축적 패러다임의 분석에 관한 연구

송석현(Song Suk-Hyun) 대한건축학회 2008 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.24 No.10

The Design is "ill-defined" problem, that cannot be described completely. as well as subjectively interpret depend on the situation. Also, because a process made by designer's individual thinking system, it is very difficult to present a theoretical standard. but the changes of architectural design, that through the passage of time, always contain a designer's thinking and some characteristics by the theoretical knowledge process. On this study, at the start, we establish the basic concept according to general understanding about paradigm. then from the paradigm, reasonably organize the design model and analyze the architectural design by the metaphorical, analogical transfer of design language, through the key example, such as Giuseppe Terragni and Aldo Rossi.

현대건축 디자인의 키치(kitsch)적 특성에 관한 연구

송석현(Song, Suk-Hyun) 대한건축학회 2011 대한건축학회논문집 Vol.27 No.11

The target of design is a harmony between beauty and usefulness. Design is a result from representation of visual language by designer’s creative thinking system. Also, as an ill-defined problem cannot be described perfectly. and Depend on situation, require subjective analysis. The most important thing is not ‘the best’ but satisfaction. Architecture is a synthetic art for dwelling and settlement. It has started with the origin of the human. and Artistical-technological indicator, include not only materiality but also immateriality such as history and society. This study consist mainly of objective analysis about after modern(1950’s) architecture’s creative expression and overcoming of universal limits. In this aspects, amusement and various visual images distinguishes kitsch from in-depth essence of critical regionalism. Kitsch was considered as like one of low culture that simply copy a classical culture. Kitsch, usually has a negative meaning and pass unnoticed. but In the modern design that concede a creativity of various arts, gradually holds a place in advanced popular culture. After post-modernism, kitsch was getting complicated. and Concern with various arts, include architecture. At this point, it is very important that an objective analysis as well as an understanding about kitsch by an applied art. Therefore, at the start, this study will define about kitsch by a design concept of applied art. and Based on this definition, it will suggest some principal amusement design languages that applied to modern design knowledge and architecture.

전단 자극에 의한 연골세포의 이동성 분석

신현준(Hyun Jun Shin),송석현(Suk Hyun Song),정진승(Jin Seung Choung),이미남(Mi Nam Lee),신현정(Jennifer H. Shin) 대한기계학회 2014 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2014 No.11

Chondrocytes lose their inherent characteristics and shift to fibroblast-like cells on monolayer culture in vitro. Dedifferentiated chondrocytes undergo dramatic phenotypic changes which bring the rearrangement of cytoskeleton and focal adhesion. Cell motility is a harmonized procedure that involves in the changes of cytoskeleton structure and the formation and disassembly of focal adhesion. In this study, we investigate the motile characteristics of the cells with shear stress during dedifferentiation. Dedifferentiated chondrocytes cultured on monolayer have a tendency to move along the direction of shear stress and in proportion to shear strength.

효율적 클라우드 컴퓨팅 도입을 위한 해외 정부 거버넌스 체계 분석

신선영(Sun Young Shin),송석현(Suk-hyun Song) 한국통신학회 2012 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2012 No.6

B형 만성활동성간염 환자에서 Leukoryte Adherence Inhibition ( LAI ) 반응과 그와 관련된 Prostaglandin E2 ( PGE2 ) 직 변동

허영상(Yeong Sang Heo),안득수(Deuk Soo Ahn),김대곤(Dae Ghon Kim),안중기(Joong Ki Ahn),송석현(Suk Hyun Song),이남심(Nam Sim Lee) 대한내과학회 1989 대한내과학회지 Vol.36 No.1

N/A A leukocyte adherence inhibition (LAI) assay was performed for the evaluation of cellular immune dysfunction in patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) B and the effects of prostaglandin E, (PGE,), endogenous and exogenous immune modulator, on LAI reaction were investigated. 1) In patients with CAH, the non adherence index (LAI) was 18.8±1.7 (mean±SE)%, and there was a significant (p<0.001) decrease of LAI as compared to 48.8±1.6% in the antibody positive healthy control group. In chronic HBV carriers LAI was 6.2±1.5%. There was no significant difference in contrast to 8.8±1.3% in the negative normal control group. 2) Changes of the endogenous PGE2 level in the supernatant of the mononuclear cell mixture for LAI were measured and the differences of PGE, levels by specific antigen stiumlation (HBs) and by non specific antigen stimulation (OVA) were calculated. In CAH the difference was -11.4±3.6pg/ml and this was significantly decreased as compared to 19.3±6.3 pg/ml in the positive control group. In chronic HBV carriers the difference was 6.2±1.5 pg/ml and was as low as that in the negative normal control. 3) When only exogenous PGE2 was added to the mononuclear cell mixture, significantly (p<0.01) elevated NAI was observed as compared to the untreated control. On treatment with exogenous PGE, and indomethacin (PG inhibitor), or exogenous PGE, and LiCl (adenyl cyclase inhibitor), inhibitions of increasing NAI were observed. From the above results, in patients with CAH, LAI reflected cellular immunity was declined and this might be related to decreased release of endogenous PGE2 Furthermore, it was suggested that endogenous and exogenous PGE2 should accentuate LAI reaction.