여성 신체형장애의 신체증상 호소와 부족한 산후조리

박용철,송지영,최봉근,박종학,오동재,임옥근,김종우,Park, Yong-Chul,Song, Ji-Young,Choe, Bong-Keun,Park, Jong-Hack,Oh, Dong-Jae,Lim, Ok-Geun,Kim, Jong-Woo 한국정신신체의학회 2008 정신신체의학 Vol.16 No.2

Background : It was not uncommon authors as psychiatrists faced women patients with somatoform disorders who expresses their symptoms has been started after the poor adherence to 'Doing the month' practices (DMP). DMP is known as a traditional ritual for Korean postpartum women. Aims : This study is an cultural approach to explore the practices of Korean women during the postpartum period are related with the formation of somatoform disorders. Methods : 41 multipara women with somatoform disorders diagnosed by DSM-IV criteria and 91 healthy normal control were enrolled. Subjects were given scales of SOM scale of SCL-90R, Somatic Symptom Scale-Korean version, Korean 'Doing the month' practices Scale(40 items), Postpartum Sick Scale(14 items), Beck Depression Scale and State Anxiety Scale. Results : 1) The period of DMP less than one week were prevalent in the patients group(43.9%) compared to the control group(7.9%, p<0.01). 2) The period of DMP after the abortions showed no difference between two groups. 3) Subjective rate for their poor DMP was significantly high in the patients group(73.2%) compared to the control group(33.0%), and the patients group showed high score in Postpartum Sick Scale as well(4.1, 1.6 respectively). 4) Poor DM was negatively correlated with SOM scale of SCL-90R(correlation coefficient r=-0.47, p<0.01). Conclusion : Poor DMP may make a crucial role for their heath condition after the deliveries and which would be one of the major factors of the somatoform disorders in Korean women. And postpartum physical symptoms after the poor DMP could be last long enough to be diagnosed as somatoform disorders. By understanding the cultural nature of the somatization phenomena the doctor-patient relationship could be enhanced. 연구목적 : 신체형 장애를 가진 한국 여성에서, 과연 산후조리를 잘 못한 것이 신체화 형성의 요인이 되는지를 알아보고자 하였다. 방법 : 대상자에게 반구조화된 설문지를 통하여 산후 조리와 관련된 내용에 대해 직접 면담하고, 이와 동시에 자가 평가 질문지를 작성하도록 하였다. 자가 평가도구로는 산후조리 평가지, SCL-90R의 SOM척도, 한국판 신체 증상목록, 산후병증상 평가지, Beck depression Inventory(BDI), State trait anxiety inventory(STAI), Visual analogue scale(VAS)을 사용하였다. 결과 : 환자군이 대조군에 비해 산후조리 기간이 짧았으며, 산후조리 평가 점수(K-DMP)가 낮았으며 본인이 평가한 산후조리의 만족도도 낮았다. 현재의 신체증상에 대한 이유에 대해 환자군에서는 43.9%, 대조군에서는 33.3%가 산후조리 때문이라고 답하였다. 산후조리 점수(K-DMP)와 신체화척도(SOM) 사이에는 유의미한 부적 상관관계를 보였다(Pearson correlation : r=-0.476, p<0.01). 다변량 회기 분석에서 현재 신체증상(SOM)에 대해 과거 산후 풍 정도와 산후조리 점수, 이 2가지 요인이 영향력을 가짐이 나타났다. 결론 : 부족한 산후조리는 이후의 신체화 형성과정에 영향을 주는 요인인 것으로 보인다.

Identification of Spilled Oils in the Marine Environment by Fluorescence Fingerprints and Library Search System

박용철,김영희,이창섭,이기복,PARK, YONG-CHUL,KIM, YOUNG-HEE,LEE, CHANG-SUP,LEE, KI-BOCK The Korean Society of Oceanography 1991 韓國海洋學會誌 Vol.26 No.4

Multi-spectral analyses of excitation and emission fluorescence was applied to spilled crude oils in characterization of their specific fluorescence patterns which is called oil fingerprints. In the present study, oil fingerprints of 33 crude, 4 fuel and 2 other oils were analyzed to establish data base library search system. Cluster analysis showed that crude oils could be classified into two large groups according to their fluorescence characteristics. In simulated experiments, all the spilled sources was identifiable by the present library search system. In the natural environment this system could identify the exact source of weathered crude oil slicks upton 10 days. The present study shows that the fluorescence fingerprinting method with the library search system is reliable and superior to toutine GC/HPLC analyses in identification of the source of weathered spilled oils in the marine environment.

5㎿ 연구용 원자로의 1차 냉각 계통 유동 특성

박용철(Young-Chul Park),이용섭(Young-Sub Lee) 한국유체기계학회 2010 한국유체기계학회 논문집 Vol.13 No.5

5㎿ 연구용 원자로의 1차 냉각 계통 유동 특성

박용철(Young-Chul Park),이용섭(Yong-Sub Lee) 한국유체기계학회 2009 유체기계 연구개발 발표회 논문집 Vol.2009 No.-

하나로 안전성 관련계통의 가압부품에 대한 기계적 구조적 건전성

박용철(Young-Chul Park),이용섭(Young-Sub Lee),정환성(Hwan-Sung Jung),임인철(In-Chul Lim) 대한기계학회 2006 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2006 No.11

HANARO, an open-tank-in-pool type research reactor of 30 MWth power in Korea, has been operating normally since its initial criticality in February, 1995. For the last ten years, HANARO has verified the mechanical and structural integrities of the pressure retaining components of the safety related systems and the integral attachments of the supports and restraints of the components within a specified boundary through ten years periodic in-service inspections in accordance with Article IWD in ASME SEC. XI and Notice 2004-13 (Jul. 2nd, 2004) of the minister of Korea Ministry of Science and Technology. From the results, it was confirmed through the ISI that the pressure retaining components and parts were stable to within the specified boundaries for their mechanical and structural integrities.

하나로 2차 냉각탑의 냉각팬 감속기의 진동분석

박용철(Young Chul Park) 대한기계학회 2010 大韓機械學會論文集A Vol.34 No.7

하나로는 한국에 설치되어 있는 열출력 30㎿의 개방 수조형 연구로 이다. 이는 발전로와 달리 원자로에서 발생하는 열을 이용하여 전기를 생산하는 것 대신에 원자로의 노심 온도를 유지하기 위하여 냉각탑을 통해 대기로 이 열을 냉각한다. 냉각탑 월간 점검 중에 냉각탑 4번의 냉각팬 감속기가 기준을 상회하는 고진동을 기록하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 고진동의 원인을 찾아 정상적으로 수리하기 위함이다. 연구 방법은 FFT스펙트럼 기법을 적용하여 고진동의 원인을 분석하였다. 그 결과 고진동 주파수는 피니언 기어의 고유 진동수의 두 배인 354㎐이었다. 피니언 기어를 점검한 결과 이빨 표면이 깨져 있었다. 깨진 피니언 기어를 제거하고 새것으로 교체한 후에는 감속기는 정상적으로 작동하였다. HANARO is an open-tank-in-pool-type Korean research reactor that generates 30㎿ of thermal power. It differs from power plant reactor in that the heat generated by HANARO is exhausted into the atmosphere through a secondary cooling tower, thus maintaining the core temperature constant. During every monthly inspection of the cooling tower, large vibrations that exceeded the permissible limit were observed at cooling fan gear reducer No. 4 of the cooling tower. The purpose of this study is to identify the origin of the large vibration and to repair it. FFT spectrum analysis is performed to identify the part that caused the large vibration. The results of the frequency analysis showed that the vibration frequency was 354 ㎐, which is twice the natural frequency of the pinion gear. A check of the pinion gear revealed that there was a crack on the surface of the pinion gear. After the gear was replaced, the reducer operated normally.

고 레이놀즈수 유동 모의 장치에 대한 유동 분석

박용철(Young Chul Park),윤현기(Hyun-Gi Yoon),서경우(Keyoung-Woo Seo),지대영(Dae-Young Chi),윤주현(Ju-Hyeon Yoon) 대한기계학회 2011 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2011 No.10

In nuclear power plant, a reactor cooling system has maintained high-Reynolds-number above 10E+7 to cool a heat generated by the reactor. To simulate flow characteristics of systems or components which are installed in the system, it is necessary a high-Reynolds-number flow simulation system. This paper describes the composition of the high-Reynolds-number flow simulation system and the results of flow network analysis for the system. It was confirmed through the analysis results that the system minimizes flow velocity variation to reduce pressure drop and that the test section maintains a high-Reynolds-number above 10E+07.

디지털 증거의 증거능력 요건 중 무결성 및 동일성에 대하여 - 대법원 2018. 2. 8. 선고 2017도13263 판결 -

박용철 ( Park Young Chul ) 법조협회 2018 최신판례분석 Vol.67 No.2

디지털 증거의 경우 일반 증거와 같이 압수·수색 절차의 적법절차 준수를 위하여 피압수·수색 당사자의 참여권 보호는 필수적인 것이고 압수·수색 대상물과 범죄혐의와의 관련성 역시 보장되어야 한다. 이에 덧붙여 디지털 증거의 증거능력요건에 있어서 비록 그 구체적인 내용이 형사소송법이나 형사소송규칙 등에 규정되어 있지는 않음에도 불구하고 대법원 판례에 근거하여 디지털 증거 이외 증거의 압수·수색 보다 훨씬 더욱 자세한 절차를 요구하고 있음을 알 수 있고 요구되는 절차의 내용 역시 현재 상황에서는 입법절차를 통하여 수렴되고 있기보다 판례를 통하여 정립되어 가고 있다는 것을 알 수 있다. 즉 압수·수색절차의 결과물이 실제로 법원에 증거로 제출된 것과 같은 것인지를 증명하기 위하여 이른바 컴퓨터 포렌식 측면에서 그 중요성이 더욱 강조되고 있는 것은 증거능력의 요건인 증거물의 무결성과 동일성 판단의 경우이다. 이의 개념 정리에 대해서 학설은 다소간의 이견을 보이고 있고 대법원 판례 역시 무결성과 동일성의 개념과 지위가 어떻게 되는지, 무결성과 동일성을 인정하기 위한 법적 절차가 무엇인지에 대하여 다소 엇갈린 판결을 보이고 있다. 즉 대상판례는 기존의 실무와 판례의 입장에 더하여 디지털 증거의 동일성 판단에 있어 수사과정에서 피압수·수색 당사자에 대한 확인절차를 거친 것이 동일성 요건 충족을 위한 필요충분적인 조건은 아니라고 보고 있다. 대상판례에 따르면 디지털 증거의 압수·수색 절차에 있어 이른바 무결성과 동일성 요구는 단순히 수사 절차에 참여한 피압수·수색 당사자가 이에 대하여 동의하고 동일한 진술을 법정에서 유지하는 것으로 결정되는 것이 아니라 포렌식을 통한 검증절차를 통하여 검증되어야 하는 절차를 경유하여야 하며, 압수·수색절차에서 확보된 압수물이 해쉬값 등에 비추어 법원에 제출된 증거물과 다소의 차이가 있을 경우 그러한 차이는 과학적인 근거를 갖고 실질적으로 동일성 인정에 문제가 없음이 추가적으로 확인되어야 한다. 그러한 추가적인 확인 절차 없이 해당 증거의 동일성은 인정될 수 없다. South Korean Laws regarding search & seizure of digital evidence have been elaborated by the judiciary rather than the legislative. Courts have declared that in terms of collecting digital evidence, it requires some additional admissibility conditions which have to be met via computer forensics method. These additional admissibility conditions include “relevance or relevancy”, “reliability”, “authenticity”, “best evidence rule”, “identity” and “integrity.” Definitions and interpretations of such conditions are not necessarily identical among scholars and practicioners. Partially because digital evidence has peculiar aspects that some degree of verifications have to be made to make it admissible. Any human intervention such as statement by the maker of such digital evidence could be perceived as one of the most vital tool to make the Evidence admissible. However the current case has a slightly different voice on that, because among other things, identity and integrity of digital evidence has to be guaranteed by computer forensics method. Hash value can be one of the most crucial tools to assess such additional conditions. However oftentimes, no matter how careful and competent those who collects evidence via search & seizure method, it could turn out that the hash value of the original and copied evidence would not be identical. That is, some friction happens to the digital evidence due to sensitivity of the Evidence or data storage unit. If such unfortunate event happens, identity of such digital evidence cannot be acknowledged, resulting the effort of collecting such evidence futile. Currently without any statute amending such case, the questions regarding additional admissibility requirements for digital evidence have to wait for a long time to be answered by the legislative.

하나로 핵연료 시험장치의 주냉각수 펌프 성능특성

박용철(Young-Chul Park),이용섭(Young-Sub Lee),지대영(Dai-Yong Chi),안성호(Seong-Ho Ahn),김영기(Yong-Ki Kim) 대한기계학회 2008 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2008 No.5

A nuclear fuel test loop (after below, FTL) is installed in IR1 of an irradiation hole in HANARO for testing neutron irradiation characteristics and thermo hydraulic characteristics of a fuel loaded in a light water power reactor or a heavy water power reactor. When HANARO is normally operated, the fuel has a nuclear reaction heat generated by a neutron irradiation. To remove the generated heat and to maintain an operation condition of the test fuel, a main cooling water system (MCWS) is installed in the FTL. This paper describes the performance characteristics of the main coolant pump. It was confirmed through the pump performance test that the performance was met the design requirement. But the pump operation point is about 96% of the pump shutoff head and the pump efficiency is very low. For an improvement of the pump efficiency, the pump impeller is selected to be met the pump specific velocity.

하나로 2차 냉각탑의 공장분해수리

박용철(Young-Chul Park),이용섭(Young-Sub Lee),김양곤,정환성(Hoan-Sung Jung),임인철(In-Chul Lim) 대한기계학회 2007 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2007 No.5

HANARO, an open-tank-in-pool type research reactor of 30 MWth power in Korea, has been operating normally since its initial criticality in February, 1995. For the last about ten years, A cooling tower of a secondary cooling system has been operated normally in HANARO. Last year, the cooling tower has been overhauled for preservative maintenance including fills, eliminators, wood support, water distribution system, motors, driving shafts, gear reducers, basements, blades and etc. This paper describes the results of the overhaul. As results, it is confirmed that the cooling tower maintains a good operability through a filed test. And a cooling capability will be tested when a wet bulb temperature is maintained about 28 ℃ in summer and the reactor is operated with the full power.