http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
화자 의존 환경의 AMR 7.4Kbit/s모드에 기반한 보코더
민병제(Byung-Jae Min),박동철(Dong-Chul Park) 한국통신학회 2008 韓國通信學會論文誌 Vol.33 No.9C
본 논문은 AMR(Adaptive Multi Rate)코더의 7.4kit/s 모드를 기반으로 화자 의존적인 환경에서 더욱 압축률을 높인 새로운 켈프(CELP)계열의 코더를 제안한다. 제안된 코더는 OGM(OutGoing Message)이나 TTS(Text-To-Speech) 등 한 사람의 음성만을 필요로 하는 시스템에서 유용하게 사용할 수 있다. 새로운 코더의 압축률을 높이기 위해서 무감독 학습 신경망인 Centroid Neural Networks(CNN)를 이용한 새로운 LSP 코드북을 생성하여 사용한다. 또한 고정코드북 탐색 단계에서 AMR 7.4 kbit/s 모드에서는 4개의 펄스를 서브프레임 마다 사용하는 대신에 새로운 코더에서는 오직 2개의 펄스만을 사용하기 때문에 압축률을 더 높일 수 있다. 이로 인해서 스피치의 질이 감소하게 되는데, 각 서브프레임 마다 예상하는 펄스를 적용함으로써 보상 받을 수 있다. 제안된 보코더는 기존 AMR 7.4Kbps모드와 비교해 27% 높은 압축률을 가지는 동시에, MOS( Mean Opinion Score)의 면에서 볼 때, 대등한 음질을 보였다. A new vocoder of Code Excited Linear Predictive (CELP) based on Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR) 7.4kbit/s mode is proposed in this paper. The proposed vocoder achieves a better compression rate in an environment of Speaker Dependent Coding System (SDSC) and is efficiently used for systems, such as OGM(Outgoing message) and TTS(Text To Speech), which needs only one person's speech. In order to enhance the compression rate of a coder, a new Line Spectral Pairs(LSP) code-book is employed by using Centroid Neural Network (CNN) algorithm. In comparison with original(traditional) AMR 7.4 Kbit/s coder, the new coder shows 27% higher compression rate while preserving synthesized speech quality in terms of Mean Opinion Score(MOS).
민병로(Min Byung-Ro) 한국공법학회 2005 공법연구 Vol.34 No.2
In Japan, after the Meiji Restoration and the postwar reform, the third reform was planned under the ideas of neo-liberalism in the 1980s and genuinely proceeded since the 1990s. This reform was based upon political reform, administrative reform, promotion of de-centralization and de-regulation. In order to achieve the reform, the main task was the reform of judicial system. On July 1999, the Judicial Reform Council (JRC) was established in the Cabinet, which held deliberation meetings for sixty-three times. The JRC drew up a statement based upon the result of deliberation that was delivered to the Cabinet on June 2001. According to the statement, the reform of judicial system should be based upon plans of economic structure reform, such as political and administrative reform, promotion of de-centralization and de-regulation, and these should be combined with the principles of the Constitution. The main task of the judicial system reform will therefore be the re-construction of the country's shape. According to the JRC, the fundamental task of the judicial system reform should be based upon how the spirit of law and the rule of law achieve the law of nation flesh and blood of the country and its shape. Moreover, the reform should also find out what needs to achieve the individual' right and the people's sovereignty. In order to materialize the fundamental task of the judicial system reform, the JRC indicates three main criteria, such as the improvement of institutional base, the amplification of human resources and the establishment of nation base. The embodiment of the reform has been conducted to the introduction of Law School and Citizen Judge System, the establishment of Judicial Support Center, the revision of Administrative Case Litigation Law, the foundation of Intellectual Property High Court, the adoption of Labor Umpire System. This study aims to look at the reform of judicial system in Japan, and to examine its outcome in order to have some suggestion for the reform of judicial system in Korea.