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영지의 ${\beta}$-glucan성 다당류에 의해 활성화된 흰쥐 간내 Kupffer 세포의 NO, TNF-${\alpha}$ 및 TGF-${\beta}$ 형성
한만덕,이준우,정훈,김용석,나수정,윤경하,Han, Man-Deuk,Lee, June-Woo,Jeong, Hoon,Kim, Yong-Seok,Ra, Su-Jung,Yoon, Kyung-Ha 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 1999 한국미생물·생명공학회지 Vol.27 No.1
Ganoderan (GAN), an immunomodulating ${\beta}$-glucan from mushroom Ganoderma lucidum, was evaluated for its ability to induce formation of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-${\alpha}$(TNF-${\alpha}$) and transforming growth factor (TGF-${\beta}$) from rat Kupffer cell in vitro. Hepatic macrophages activated by GAN significantly elevated concentration of NO and TNF-${\alpha}$ in cultured medium, but not significantly elevated that of TGF-${\beta}$. GAN-activated Kupffer cells secrete 14.9${\mu}$M (p<0.01) of NO and 2619.5${\rho}$g/ml (p<0.01) of TNF-${\alpha}$after 36hr of incubation at 37$^{\circ}C$. The results revealed that GAN enhanced 4-fold production of NO and 19 fold formation of TNF-${\alpha}$ compared to the control. The proliferation of GAN-activated Kupffer cells was inhibited as compared with its negative control. Comparing the activity among glucans derived from microorganisms, highly branched zymosan, glucomannan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae, significantly increased TNF-${\alpha}$ and NO production. These results indicate that the ${\beta}$-glucan from G. lucidum activates rat Kupffer cell and secretes NO and TNF-${\alpha}$. It also suggest that rat Kupffer cell posses certain receptor for ${\beta}$-anomeric glucan.
나수정,조영임,김진범 대한구강보건학회 1998 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.22 No.4
The aim of this study was to examine dental caries in deciduous teeth and to analyze correlation between caries prevalence in deciduous teeth and caries activity tests. 257 kindergarten children in Pusan were surveyed for caries prevalence and related factors. Caries was diagnosed according to WHO criteria 1987. The test of acid production by plaque microorganism using Snyder test medium and counts of mutans streptococci were performed for caries activity test. The obtained results were as follows. 1, The rate of children with caries experience in deciduous teeth was 26.7% in 2-year-olds, 40.7% in 3-year-olds, 72.4% in 4-year-olds, 80.3% in 5-year-olds and 94.1% in 6-year-olds. 2. The mean number of decayed, missing, filled deciduous teeth was 0.84 in 2-year-olds, 2.15 in 3-yearolds, 4.07 in 4-year-olds, 5.60 in 5-year-olds and 6.38 in 6-year-olds. 3. The mean number of decayed, missing, filled deciduous teeth surfaces was 1.31 in 2-year-olds, 3.32 in 3-year-olds, 5.60 in 4-year-olds, 10.62 in 5-year-olds and 11.41 in 6-year-olds. 4. The statistically significant correlation was found between dmfs index and test of acid production by plaque microorganism using Snyder medium.
우식활성검사와 불소도포 병용이 유치우식증 예방사업에 미치는 효과
김진범,나수정,조영임 대한구강보건학회 2000 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.24 No.1
The objective of the research was to evaluate the effect of caries prevention on deciduous teeth through caries activity tests and topical fluoride application to develop the efficient caries prevention strategy applicable to Korean children. First, the dental examination was done to detect caries for 2-6-year-old children at a children's house. The modified Snyder test to detect the ability of acid production by dental plaque using Snyder test medium and the test for the number of mutans streptococci in the saliva was applied to the 2-5-year-old children to predict the probability for future caries. With consideration of the results from caries activity tests, professional topical fluoride application and fluoride mouthrinsing therapy was applied for 1 year. More frequent fluoride application was used for the children who showed the higher probability of future caries. After 1-year preventive therapy, the effect of caries prevention on deciduous teeth was evaluated quantitatively by the caries activity tests and dental examinations. The results were as follows: 1. The reduction rate of dmfs index was 18.23% at 5-year-old children, 23.22% at 6-year-old children. 2. The reduction rate of pit and fissure surfaces among dmfs index was 19.62% at 4-year-old children, 13.53% at 5-year-old children, 6.92% at 6-year-old children. 3. The reduction rate of smooth surfaces among dmfs index was 21.57% at 5-year-old children, 34.52% at 6-year-old children. 4. The 1-year-increment of dmfs was significantly positive in proportion to dmfs index at basic examinations. 5. The dmfs index of basic examination was correlated significantly with the result of acid production test by dental plaque at 3-, 4- and 5-year-old children. The number of mutans streptococci in the saliva was significantly positively correlated with dmfs index of basic examination at 5-year old children. 6. The degree of acid production by dental plaque at basic examination was significantly positively correlated with the 1-year increment of dmfs index at 3- and 4-year old children. The number of mutans streptococci in the saliva at basic examination were significantly positively correlated with the 1-year increment of dmfs index at 5-year old children.
상수도수불화사업 중단기간 중의 초등학교 아동 영구치우식증실태
이태현,나수정,김진범 대한구강보건학회 2000 大韓口腔保健學會誌 Vol.24 No.3
The aim of this study was to detect the status of increasing dental caries of school children in Chinhae during the period of an interruption in water fluoridation between March 1992 and September 1997. The dental caries survey was carried out by a dentist from 1992 to 1997 among three primary school children in Chinhae and two primary school children in Mason, Korea. The survey started when subjects were 6 years old. We followed up examinations for six years. The total subjects of Chinhae were 805 at the beginning of this study in 1992 and decreased to 495 by the end of this study in 1997. The caries prevalence on permanent teeth of children in Chinhae were assessed and compared to the caries prevalence in Mason. The obtained results were follows: 1. The rates of children who experienced caries on permanent teeth increased from 16.19%(age 6) to 84.6%(age 11) in Chinhae. Females had much higher caries prevalence than males in permanent teeth at every age. 2. For six years, substantial increases were seen in dental caries among children in Chinhae. DMFT scores were 0.29 at aged 6, 1.52 at aged 8, 2.58 at aged 9, 3.16 at aged 10 and 4.40 at aged 11. Females' DMFT scores were higher than males' DMPT scores at all ages. DMFS scores were 0.41 at aged 6, 2.32 at aged 8, 3.96 at aged 9, 4.93 at aged 10 and 6.94 at aged. Females' DMFS scores were higher than males' DMFS scores at all ages. 3. The percentage of dental caries on pits and fissures among DIvIFS scores in Chinhae were over 90% at all ages. 4. The percents of Decayed Teeth among Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth in Chinhae were 87.5% at aged 6 and 77.8% at aged 11. The percents of Filled teeth among Decayed, Missing, and Filled teeth were 12.5% at aged 6 and 22.1% at aged 11. 5. The most caries susceptible teeth among children in Chinhae were first molars. The percentage of sound first molar rapidly decreased from aged 6 to aged 11. Sound upper first molar decreased from 93.0%(age 6) to 38.3%(age 11). Sound lower fast molar decreased from 87.5%(age 6) to 24.9%(age 11). 6. Overall, DMFS scores of only 8-year old children in Chinhae were significantly lower than DMFS scores of 8-year old children in Masan where water fluoridation had not been implemented. 7. The resumed water fluoridation programme should be implemented without an interruption to prevent dental caries of school children.