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갑상선 암 환자에서 131I 치료시 MIRD Schema에 의한 흡수선량의 평가
김장휘(Jang Hee Kim),임상무(Sang Moo Lim),홍성운(Sung Woon Hong),우광선(Kwang Sun Woo),정위섭(Wee Sup Chung),김기섭(Ki Sup Kim) 대한핵의학회 1995 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.29 No.1
N/A Medicai Internal Radiation Dose(MIRD) schema was developed for calculating the absorbed dose from the administered radiopharmaceuticals. With the biological distribution data and the physical properties of the radionuclide we can estimate the absorbed dose by the MIRD schema. For the thyroid cancer patients received 131I therapy, the absorbed dose to the bone marrow is the limiting factor to the administered dose, and the duration of admission is determined by the retained activity in the whole body. To monitor the whole body radioactivity, we used Eberline Smart 200 system using ionization chamber as a detector. With the time activity curve of the whole body, total body residence time was obtained. From the ICRP publication 53, the residence times of the source organs, such as kidney, urinary bladder content and stomach, were, used to calculate the absorbed doses of the target organs, such as stomach, red marrow, b1adder wall and remaineder total body. In 8 thyroid cancer patients with 175 mci of 131I adminstered orally, the mean absorbed dose in the blader wall was 375.1 in the stomach 285.1, red marrow 25.4 and total body 22.4 rad respectively. For the monitoring of the large administered activity, this method seemed to be quite useful.
김장휘(Jang-Hui Kim),강대성(Dae-Seong Kang) 한국정보기술학회 2011 한국정보기술학회논문지 Vol.9 No.1
To extract moving objects in the image sequence, the Gaussian mixture model(GMM) which segments the background and the foreground has been mainly used. GMM is the robust technique in the changes of the external environment, such as lighting changes and effects of moving components of the scene. But It has shortcomings in real-time processing due to the computational complexity when the tracking algorithm or the recognition algorithm is processed together. In this paper, we propose the background modeling technique which is composed of the Bernoulli probability distributions instead of the Gaussian probability distributions. Bernoulli distribution has less parameters than Gaussian distribution, and its distribution equations are simple. Processing time and performance between the proposed method and GMM are evaluated. Through experimental results, the proposed algorithm presents the reduced processing time about 0.0115 second for each frame in comparison with the GMM.
57 Co-BLM 을 이용한 종양진단 신티그라피에 관한 연구
이진오,김장휘,유용운 대한핵의학회 1987 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.21 No.1
Investigation with (57)^Co-Bleomycin in patients with the various cancers and in tumor bearing animals are descirbed. In the patients, (57)^Co-Bleomycin appears to be one of the useful tumor- seeking radiopharmaceuticals, and worth applicable to clinical uses. Labelled yield of (57)^Co-Bleo was about 97% by thin layer chromatography. The pyrogen free tests were performed to meet U.S.P. critical ranges. In clinical studies with 57Co-Bleo, 4 cases out of 5 patients with lung cancer., 2 cases among 3 thyroid cancer patients, and all 3 hepatoma patients showed positive tumor scans. The patients with stomach cancer, and the esophageal cancer showed false negative scintigraphy. A case with pulmonary tuberculosis showed a positive scan while liver abscess showed a negative picture. The merits of 57Co-Bleomycin scintigraphy seems to be its relatively high affinity to tumors and low radiation hazard in spite of long physical half life.
흰쥐 육종 180 에서 169Yb-Citrate 의 종양 친화성
이진오,홍성운,김장휘,임상무 대한핵의학회 1988 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.22 No.1
Tumor localizing properties of (67)^Ga citrate and (169)^Yb citrate were studies with sarcoma 180 bearing mice. To compare precisely the accumulation of (67)^Ga citrate and (169)^Yb citrate in tumor tissue itself, 67Ga and 169Yb were administered simultaneously as a mixture of same chemical form of citrate. The yield of (169)^Yb labeled citrated and the of radiopharmaceuticals purity was identified more than 90% by chromatography on silica gel plates. (67)^Ga and 169Yb were injected into mice and the mice were killed at 3, 24, and 48 hours following intraperitoneal injection of the radiopharmaceuticals. The retention value of (67)^Ga and (169)^Yb in tumor was similar but they differ from each other markedly in normal tissue distribution. (169)^Yb citrate is cleared up from blood more rapidly than (67)^Ga citrate, and a high tumor to blood ratio is achieved shortly after injection.
Gamma-PF 보드를 이용한 아날로그 감마카메라의 디지털화 연구
김희중,소수길,봉정균,김한명,김장휘,주관식,이종두,Kim, Hui-Jung,So, Su-Gil,Bong, Jeong-Gyun,Kim, Han-Myeong,Kim, Jang-Hwi,Ju, Gwan-Sik,Lee, Jong-Du 대한의용생체공학회 1998 의공학회지 Vol.19 No.4
아날로그 감마카메라에 비해 디지털 카메라는 Q.C가 편리하고, Calibration과 조작이 매우 쉬운 장점들을 갖고 있어 영상 질을 향상시킬 뿐만 아니라 진단의 정확도를 높일 수 있다. 더욱이, 디지털 카메라로 획득한 디지털 영상은 PACS(Picture Archiving and Communication System) 뿐만 아니라 원격진료에도 활용될 수 있다. 그러나, 많은 병원들이 아직도 아날로그 카메라를 사용하고 있고 이들을 디지털 카메라로 대체하기는 어려운 상황에 있다. 본 연구는 아날로그 감마카메라를 디지털화 할 수 있는지의 가능성을 보는 것이었다. 카메라를 디지털화 한 후 균일도 계수능력 등의 물리적 특성을 측정하였다. 임상에서의 사용 가능성을 보기 위해 아날로그 시스템과 디지털 시스템을 동시에 연결하여 임상 데이터들을 획득하였다. 이들의 결과는 임상환경에서 아날로그 카메라를 디지털화 하 수 있다는 가능성을 보여주었다. Digital gamma camera has many advantages over analog gamma camera. These include convenient quality control, easy calibration and operation, and possible image quantitation which results in improving diagnostic accuracies. The digital data can also be utilized for telemedicine and picture archiving and communication system. However, many hospitals still operate analog cameras and have difficult situation to replace them with digital cameras. We have studied a feasibility of digitalizing an analog gamma camera into a digital camera using Gamma-PF interface board. The physical characteristics that we have measured are spatial resolution, sensitivity, uniformity, and image contrast. The patient's data obtained for both analog and digital camera showed very similar image quality. The results suggest that it may be feasible to upgrade an analog camera into a digital gamma camera in clinical environments.
99mTc-Liposomes 과 킬레이트제 표지반응의 효과
유주현,유용운,강태웅,김장휘 대한핵의학회 1985 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.19 No.1
Using chelating agents such as Nitrilotriaceticacid (N'rA), Diethylenetriaminepentaaceticacid (DTPA) and Ethylenediaminenitrilotetraceticacid (EDTA), effects of liposomes labelled with Tc- 99m were determined in vitro and in vivo. Methods of separation and determination of Tc-99m- liposomes added chelating agents were practiced by thin layer chromatogram scan and gel filtration. Biodistributions of Tc-99m-liposomes in normal and sarcoma 180 cells bearing mice were observed. The results were as follows: 1) Maximum amount of Sni+2 to reduction from pertechnetium (10∼20 μci) by adding 0, 1, 10 and 100 μg of SnC12 in 0.2 ml of oxygen free water was 10 μg. 2) The large amounts of SnC12 were not changed but the small amounts of SnC12 were much changed by labeling with Tc-99m to add chelating agents. EDTA in small amounts of SnC12 were reduced more strongly than DTPA or NTA. Using a hydrophilic chelate, DTPA, the uptake of liposomes could not accumulated in liver and spleen but a lipophilic chelate NTA were signant in vivo. 3) UPtake by tumor was achived 1.14% of injected dose per gram tissue and tumor to organ ratios were measured in low with Tc-99m-NTA-liposomes(+).