완도해역에서 유기물의 생산량 평가

김우항,Kim Woo-Hang 해양환경안전학회 2006 해양환경안전학회지 Vol.12 No.3

육상 오염원의 영향을 적게 받는 완도 해역에서 약 10년간의 월별 수질자료를 이용하여 식물성플랑크톤의 증가에 의한 유기물의 증가에 대하여 분석하였다. 그 결과 DIN의 경우 겨울철인 2월에는 상대적으로 높은 농도인 0.138mg/L를 나타내고 있으며 여름철인 8월에는 0.052mg/L로 매우 낮은 값을 나타내고 있다. DIP의 경우도 DIN과 비슷한 경향을 나타내고 있으며 겨울철인 2월의 농도가 가장 높은 0.015 mg/1이고 여름철인 8월이 가장 낮은 값인 0.011 mg/1를 나타내고 있다. 식물성플랑크톤의 제한영양염을 알아보기 위하여 Redfield ratio(N:P=16:1)를 이용하여 제한영양염을 평가하여 보면 완도해역은 질소가 제한 영양염으로 나타나고 있다. 가장 제한이 되고 있는 계절은 여름으로 N/P의 비가 10.5로 나타났다 Chl.-a는 겨울철인 2월에 비해 봄과 여름인 5월과 8월에 79%, 97%가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 유기물의 농도는 COD로 나타내었으며 2월에는 0.84 mg/1로서 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었으며 8월인 여름철에 가장 높은 1.10 mg/1를 나타내었다. 영양염과 Chl.-a의 상관관계는 DIN과의 상관에서 $r^2$M가 0.93, DIP과의 상관에서 $r^2$M가 0.89로 매우 높게 나타났다. 이와 같은 결과는 식물성플랑크톤의 증식이 영양염의 감소에 주요 원인이라고 할 수 있다. 또한 Chl.-a와 COD의 회귀분석에서 상관계수 $r^2$M가 0.78로서 상관관계가 있는 것으로 나타났으며 회귀식을 이용하여 분석한 결과 유기물의 생산량은 겨울철에는 17%, 여름철에는 37%가 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 위의 결과를 종합하면 완도의 해역에서 수온이 증가하는 여름철에 용존성 영양염의 농도는 감소하고 있으나 식물성플랑크톤의 지표가 되는 Chl.-a와 유기물의 지표가 되는 COD는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 또한 이들을 회귀분석을 통하여 분석한 결과 상관성이 매우 높은 것으로 나타났다. In this study, organic matters production was calculated with long term data in Wando costal area where was selected for non influent of fresh water. The objective of this study was to evaluate relationship between nutrients and phytoplankton and, between phytoplankton and organic matter. The result of DIN was the highest with 0.138 mg/L in winter season and the lowest with 0.052 mg/L in summer season. Similarly, DIP was shown to be 0. 017 mg/L in winter and 0.011 mg/L in summer. Limiting nutrient was revealed with nitrogen in Wando costal area. Specially in summer season, nitrogen limitation was the greatest with 10.5 of N/P ratio. Chl. -a was increased 80%, 108% in spring and summer compare with winter. COD was the lowest with 0.84 mg/L in winter and the highest with 1.10 mg/L in summer. The interrelation between nutrients and Chl. -a was high. Relationship $coefficient(r^2)$ were 0.93(P<0.05), 0.89(P <0.05) between DIN and Chi. -a, DIP and Chl. -a. This results suggest dissolved nutrients might be utilized at the production of phytoplankton. Also Relationship $coefficient(r^2)$ was 0.77(P<0.05) between Chl. -a and COD. COD production rate was calculated with regression equation. The COD production rate was 17% in winter and 36% in summer. It was revealed nutrients were decreased according to temperature increasing and then Phytoplankton and organic matter were increased. The Relationship of Nutrients, Chl. -a and COD was very high.

정수처리에서 제올라이트 여과를 이용한 암모니아성질소의 제거와 재생

김우항,이승희 한국환경과학회 2004 한국환경과학회지 Vol.13 No.7

As the concentration of ammonium nitrogen could be reached 2~3 ㎎/L in the winter in the river. It was clear that the excessive concentration of chlorinated organics could be produced with the increase of chlorine addition to remove ammonium nitrogen. In the innovative ammonium nitrogen removal process, zeolite adsorption is very efficient as substitute for rapid sand filtration without other adverse quality change in the water. This study is conducted to evaluate the feasibility of ammonium nitrogen removal and regeneration by zeolite adsorption in drinking water treatment. Also, the reuse possibility of zeolite is evaluated to change the removal efficiency of ammonium nitrogen through several times of regeneration. The ammonium nitrogen was not removed in sand filter, but it was almost removed in zeolite filter during 7 days. The sand and zeolite filters have a similar result of turbidity removal. Therefore, zeolite filtration was con-firmed the removal of turbidity and ammonium nitrogen as a media. When compared KCI with NaCl as a chemical for zeolite regeneration, it is demonstrated that KCl was more efficient than NaCl in the ability of zeolite regeneration. The adsorption rate of ammonium nitrogen was almost not decreased in the results of several times of re-generation. It is indicated that both zeolite and regeneration solution were possible to reuse without variation of regeneration rate through this study.

소성된 은이온을 함유한 세라믹필터에 의한 박테리아의 제거

김우항 해양환경안전학회 2016 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2016 No.04

파괴된 활성탄에서 미량유기오염물질의 제거특성

김우항 목포해양대학교 서해해양환경연구소 1998 서해 해양환경연구소 학술세미나 Vol.1 No.1

The removal of intermittently applied micropollutants in biological activated carbon(BAC) and sand filter saturated by natural organic matter (NOM) removal was examined. bromophenol and phenol were used as target compounds for the removal of micropollutants such as pesticides. 200μg/1 of bromophenol and phenol were independently applied to the BAC columns which have previously been used for 6-months and 20-months and sand filter being used for 6-months. The 20-month-used BAC has reached breakthrough levels already. The used BAC columns could removal almost all of the added bromophenol by adsorption. Sand filter could remove micropollutants by biodegradation, but could not remove bromophenol applied. Phenol with lower adsorbability than bromophenol was also removed completely by BAC used for 20-months. These results suggest that intermittently applied pesticides with similar absorbabilities as phenol Bromophenol may removed by used BAC which has reached breakthrough levels.

염색폐수처리에서 유동성 메디아를 사용한 산소활성슬러지법의 평가

김우항,박영규 木浦海洋大學校 2000 論文集 Vol.8 No.1

The dyeing wastewater containing biologically recalcitrant and color producing compounds such as dyes and surfactants, is generally considered to be one the most complex wastewater with regard to treatability. At present, the activated sludge process following the chemical coagulation process is being usually used for the treatment of dyeing wastewater. Thus, it is necessary to develop the more simple treatment process to treat refractory organic pollutants color form the effluent. Oxygen activated sludge process with fluidized midia (OASFM) was tested to evaluate design parameters. In this study, the complex dyeing wastewater containing average COD_(Mn) 660 mg/l and BOD 1730 mg/l were treated by the OASFM process which operated at nearly constant MLSS 5000 mg/l. Hydraulic retention time of this process was changed from 12 to 24 hours. The effluent COD of OASFM process was 124-175 mg/l less than 161-225 mg/l of OAS process. In the OASFM process, the optimum conditions were 20 % of media packing rate and 30℃ of temperature. At that condition, the BOD removal efficiency was 99% and COD removal efficiency was 77%.

염색폐수에서 색도와 COD제거를 위한 오존과 활성탄처리에 관한 연구

김우항 木浦海洋大學校 1999 論文集 Vol.7 No.2

The objective of this study was to determine optimum condition of ozone oxidation and adsorption capacity of activated carbon in advanced dyeing wastewater treatment. The test was performed by the demand semi-batch experiments to determine optimum reaction time and dose rate for the color and COD removal in ozone oxidation. The adsorption capacity of color and COD was compared activated carbon and ozone-activated carbon processes. The effluent of biological dyeing wastewater treatment was used in this study. It was optimized at 10 minutes of ozone contact time and 30mg/l of ozone dosage for COD removal, 20 minutes of ozone contact time and 30mg/l of ozone dosage for color removal in the dyeing wastewater treatment. The color removal was not significantly different but COD removal was higher activated carbon than ozone-activated carbon processes.

정수처리에서 생물활성탄의 전처리로서 고급산화처리법의 평가

김우항 한국환경과학회 1999 한국환경과학회지 Vol.8 No.6

The advanced oxidation process (AOP) using ozone combined with hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet treatment were evaluated for biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) formation and dissolved organic carbon (DOC) removal. Oxidation treatment were conducted alone or combination with ozone, hydrogen peroxide and ultraviolet processes. Ozone dosage of ozone process was varied from 0.5㎎/ℓ·min to 5㎎/ℓ·min. Ozone/hydrogen peroxide process was done using 20㎎/ℓ of hydrogen peroxide concentration. Ozone/ultraviolet process was irradiated with 12mW/㎠ of density and 254nm. Ozone dosage was varied from 0.5㎎/ℓ·min to 5㎎/ℓ·min at the ozone/hydrogen peroxide and ozone/ultraviolet processes too. Contact time of all the process was 20 minutes. Oxidation treatment were performed on microfiltration effluent samples. BDOC formation was reached to an optimum at ozone dosage of 1.5㎎/ℓ·min in the ozone/hydrogen peroxide process and 1㎎/ℓ·min in ozone/ultraviolet process, after which BDOC formation was decreased at higher ozone dosages. But BDOC formation was increased with ozone dosages increasing in ozone process. The efficiency of DOC removal was higher AOPs than ozone process. Ozone/ultraviolet proces was the highest for DOC removal efficiency in each process. THMFP removal efficiency by ozone/ultraviolet process was higher than that by each of ozone process and ozone/hydrogen peroxide process.

정수처리에서 암모니아성질소 제거를 위한 제올라이트 여과

김우항,김충환 한국환경과학회 2003 한국환경과학회지 Vol.12 No.3

This study was conducted to evaluate the feasibility of ammonia removal by zeolite adsorption in drinking water treatment. In generally, drinking water treatment process is conducted coagulation/flocculation, sedimentation, sand filtration and disinfection. We tested feasibility with two method, one is powdered zeolite dosing to coagulation tank and the other is to substitute granular zeolite for sand of sand filter. In powdered zeolite test, raw water is used tap water with putting of 2㎎/l of NH_4^+-N. Filtration of granular zeolite was conducted with 80㎝ of effective column high and 120m/d of flow rate. At above 100㎎/l of zeolite dosage, ammonia concentration was decreased below 0.5㎎/l of NH_4^+-N in powdered zeolite test. But, turbidity was increased to 30 NTU by powdered zeolite dosage. That turbidity was scarcely decreased in generally coagulant using condition in drinking water treatment. In granular zeolite in sand filter could be removal ammonia in winter. But we need regeneration at zeolite filtration for ammonia removal. So, it is to make clear that zeolite regeneration ability as compared KCl with NaCl. The result reveal that KCl was more excellent than NaCl. Optimum regeneration concentration of KCl was revealed 100mM. Regeneration efficient was not increased at pH range 10~12.5.

Phosphate Removal Efficiency and Acid Regeneration of Pre-treated Waste Oyster Shells in Simulated Wastewater

김우항,Annaliza P. Cainglet 한국환경기술학회 2019 한국환경기술학회지 Vol.20 No.6

This study assessed the effects of differing pre-treated oyster shell powder (OSP) concentration (OSP g/L) along with varying pH in the formation of calcium phosphate [Ca3(PO4)2] for the removal of phosphate in the water. The effect of acid on the regeneration of pre-treated OSP was evaluated as well. Each method includes a mixture of the PO43- solution and the pre-treated OSP which were; (1) raw OSP (ROSP) prepared using sun dried oysters hell, (2) heated OSP (HOSP) prepared by heating the shells to 750 ℃ and lastly, (3) NaOH-treated OSP (TOSP) by soaking the oyster shells to 2.5M NaOH solution. Batch and continuous mode tests were done for HOSP and the PO43-removal efficiency after regeneration by 1.2N HCl was investigated. HOSP showed higher removal compared to ROSP of up to 99 % as the pH of the solution increases to pH 10 which signifies that precipitation of Ca3(PO4)2in the form of hydroxyapatite (HAP) took place. Additionally, TOSP showed a high removal efficiency (97.5 % of PO43-removal) as the concentration increases regardless of the increase in pH. The gradual addition of NaOH in the filter column for the continuous test maintained PO43-removal. Regeneration was achieved using 1.2N of HCl solution regardless of the method of addition. Removal efficiency of PO43- was observed to reach 98 % of removal after regeneration.

목포해역에서 수질의 계절적인 변화

김우항 해양환경안전학회 2014 해양환경안전학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.2014 No.06

목포해역에서 염분의 농도는 우기인 여름철을 제외한 나머지 계절에서는 30.3%에서 31.1%의 범위를 나타내고 있으나 여름철에는 27.6% 로 낮아져 담수의 유입이 많았다는 것을 알 수 있다. 8월 영산호 하구언 직 하류에서 염분의 농도는 23.6% , 목포항에서는 23.4%이였으며 장좌도와 달리도에서는 28.9%, 30.7%로 나타나 담수의 유입이 영산호에 유입되었으며 목포항에서도 혼합되지 않고 있으며 오히려 염도가 약간 낮아진 것으로 보아 목포항의..