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커튼월 건물에 있어 에너지 성능 지표로서의 창면적/바닥면적비 도입 타당성에 관한 기초연구Ⅱ
윤용상(Yoon Yong-Sang),윤재훈(Yoon Jae-Hoon),최무혁(Choi Moo-Hyuck),최원기(Choi Won-Ki),권영철(Kwon Young-Chul) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2012 한국건축친환경설비학회 논문집 Vol.6 No.3
In case of newly constructed office buildings, the construction types of their vertical envelope are almost curtain-wall system or high WWR(Window to Wall Ratio). These kinds of buildings have problems with energy efficiency. However it is estimated that the influence of the window area on energy is changed according to the building size, preferably, WFR(Window to Floor Ratio) is correlated with building energy. Therefore, EnergyPlus is used for a building energy simulation in this study. The results of the simulations show a building energy is relative to WWR, but there is a limitation to use for the index because of the building size. However, building energy is mostly relative to WFR, the correlation of this can be expressed a linear equation on condition of WWR≥0.1. Therefore, developing synthetic index according to WFR is acutely needed. And, in case of the solar gains according to the WWR, the correlation can be expressed a linear equation, the more WWR become the more solar energy gains. If the synthetic index is developed through analysis of window performances(U-factor, SHGC, VLT), the index should be used for a design of the low energy buildings.
신축공동주택의 건축마감재 시공에 따른 실내공기오염물질 방출량의 Mock-up 실험연구
전현도(Jun Hyun-Do),권영철(Kwon Young-Chul),박병윤(Park Byung-Yoon),김용식(Kim Yong-Sik),정문영(Jung Moon-Young),박진철(Park Jin Chul) 한국건축친환경설비학회 2008 한국건축친환경설비학회 학술발표대회 논문집 Vol.- No.-
The results of this study can be summarized as follows; the mock-up test of concentration of pollutants from building materials such as furniture, flooring and wallpaper showed that TVOC was much emitted from the floorings and built-in furnitures. therefore the reasonable selection of building materials can make a great contribution to control the pollutants in newly-constructed apartment buildings. also a diatomite and charcoal products proved to be an effective device in reduciing the air pollutants.
한화택(Hwataik Han),이대영(Dae-Young Lee),김서영(Seo Young Kim),최종민(Jong Min Choi),백용규(Yong Kyu Baik),권영철(Young-Chul Kwon) 대한설비공학회 2010 설비공학 논문집 Vol.22 No.7
This article reviews the papers published in the Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering during 2009. It is intended to understand the status of current research in the areas of heating, cooling, ventilation, sanitation, and indoor environments of buildings and plant facilities. Conclusions are as follows. (1) Research trends of thermal and fluid engineering have been surveyed as groups of general thermal and fluid flow, fluid machinery and piping, and new and renewable energy. Various topics were covered in the field of general thermal and fluid flow such as an expander, a capillary tube, the flow of micro-channel water blocks, the friction and anti-wear characteristics of nano oils with mixtures of refrigerant oils, etc. Research issues mainly focused on the design of micro-pumps and fans, the heat resistance reliability of axial smoke exhaust fans, and hood systems in the field of fluid machinery and piping. Studies on ground water sources were executed concerning two well type geothermal heat pumps and multi-heat pumps in the field of new and renewable energy. (2) Research works on heat transfer area have been reviewed in the categories of heat transfer characteristics and industrial heat exchangers. Researches on heat transfer characteristics included the heat transfer in thermoelectric cooling systems, refrigerants, evaporators, dryers, desiccant rotors. In the area of industrial heat exchangers, researches on high temperature ceramic heat exchangers, plate heat exchangers, frosting on fins of heat exchangers were performed. (3) In the field of refrigeration, papers were presented on alternative refrigerants, system improvements, and the utilization of various energy sources. Refrigeration systems with alternative refrigerants such as hydrocarbons, mixed refrigerants, and CO2 were studied. Efforts to improve the performance of refrigeration systems were made applying various ideas of suction line heat exchangers, subcooling bypass lines and gas injection systems. Studies on heat pump systems using unutilized energy sources such as river water, underground water, and waste heat were also reported. (4) Research trend in the field of mechanical building facilities has been found to be mainly focused on field applications rather than performance improvements. In the area of cogeneration systems, papers on energy and economic analysis, LCC analysis and cost estimating were reported. Studies on ventilation and heat recovery systems introduced the effect on fire and smoke control, and energy reduction. Papers on district cooling and heating systems dealt with design capacity evaluation, application plan and field application. Also, the maintenance and management of building service equipments were presented for HVAC systems. (5) In the field of architectural environment, various studies were carried to improve indoor air quality and to analyze the heat load characteristics of buildings by energy simulation. These studies helped to understand the physics related to building load characteristics and to improve the quality of architectural environment where human beings reside in.
權寧澈,徐民濩,李裕澈,薛盛用,趙東澤,全燾基 대한화학요법학회 1983 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.1 No.1
Coagulass陽性 葡萄球菌 63株의 16種 抗菌劑에 대한 耐性頻度와 樣相을 phage型別로 관찰하였다. Clindamycin에는 92.1%가 耐性이었고 ampicillin, kanamycin(Km) 및 gentamicin(Gm)에 대한 耐性도 높게 나타났다. Amikacin에 대한 耐性은 비교적 낮은 편이었다. Co-trimoxazole, rifampin 및 cephaloridine 等에는 耐性菌이 없었고 cefotaxime 및 methicillin도 耐性이 비교적 낮았다. 또 10劑 以上의 藥劑에 중복耐性인 것이 14株였고 66.7%가 4劑 以上의 藥劑에 중복耐性이었다. 이들 포도구균의 phage 型別에서는 lytic group Ⅰ이 11株, group Ⅱ가 10株, group Ⅲ가 7株, miscellaneous group가 16株, 71/47 混合型이 1株였고 18株가 nontypable group이었다. 포도구균의 藥劑耐性化기전의 하나인 transduction에 의한 耐性傳達實驗에서 phage型이 3C이고 10劑에 중복耐性인 포도구균에 Colindale 증식 菌株 3C(NCTC 8327)로 chloramphenicol, tetracycline, Gm, Km 等의 耐性이 전달됨을 볼 수 있었다. Sixty-three strains of coagulase positix-e StaphyEococcxs aureus isolated from rarions -clinical specimens in 1951 n-ere tested for the antimicrobial susceptability t o 16 drngs in :elation with phage types. Fiftj -eight (92.1%) strains were resistant to clindamgcin q--lth MTC more than l,ug/rnl. The strains resistant t o amp iin were 42 (65.77;) and the nux'cex -of resistant strains decreased in the following order: streptomycin (58.7%), erythrom! c'n (46.0?&), kanamycin (km, 4!.3%), gentamicin (Gin, 41. ?,CAI, tobramycin (36.5%)) chlcrari-, . phenicol (Cm, 25. S76), sulfisomidine (25.476), amikacin (25.4%), methicillin (11.1%) ard cefctaxirne (4.87;). No strain Pias resistant t o cephaloridine, rifampin and co-trimoxazole. Fourteen straim were inultiply resistant t o more than 10 drugs and 42(66. '7%) to more tkan 4 drugs. The result of phage typicg showed that 11 strains belonged t o lytic grou:, 1, 10 to group n, 7 t o group m, 16 t o miscellaneous group and OW to mixed group (71/47) ar-d 50 1e;ationship between drug resistance and ljtic group were &served. In order t o st&.r <he trznsfer of drug resistance bv transduction, one of the important nechanisms of resistace transfer, 7 strains which were abie t o ha 1:sogeiiized to some phages were tested. Or&- 0:-e ,main belonging to phage type 3C transferred the resistance t o Cm, tetracycline, Grn axd Km by transduction to the propgating strain 3 C (KCTC 8327) by phage 3 C. .