The Study on the Best Structure of Negotiation, Investment into China -Focus on the Joint Veture in terms of Efficiency

최창환,김태인 한국통상정보학회 2008 통상정보연구 Vol.10 No.2

본 논문은 국내세법, 한중 조세협약, 중국세법을 근거하여 특수목적회사(SPC), 사모펀드(PEF) 등의 간접투자 방식과 직접투자 방식에 대한 투자시뮬레이션을 활용하여 최상의 투자형태협상전략을 제시하였다. 분석결과 중국내 고정사업장이 없는 경우 홍콩과 같은 조세회피지역에 특수목적회사를 설립하여 중국에 투자하는 형태가 직접투자 혹은 국내에 PEF 설립을 통한 투자보다 더 합리적이었다. 더욱이 특수목적회사는 국내의 여러 가지 규제에서 벗어나 자유로운 펀드운용과 새로운 투자추진시 국내과실 송금 처리절차를 거치지 않고 재투자가 가능하다는 점을 포함하여 다양한 장점을 가지고 있었다. 중국 등의 해외투자 고려시 조세회피지역에 특수목적회사를 설립하고 이를 통해 투자를 실행하는 것이 가장 효율적인 방안임을 고려하여 투자방식과 JV협상을 진행하여야 할 것이다.

再開發地區指定의 設定基準에 관한 硏究

崔昌煥,吳錫氣,安相哲 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1982 硏究報告 Vol.6 No.1

This study is for the establishment standard on the blighted degree in urban renewal area. The factors of establishment standard is population density, ratio of a building site, size of a building site, diffusion ratio of road, ground coverage, volume ratio of building, dwelling space of a person, total floor space per building, and others. As a result of this study, the standard of renewal area appointment is as follows. 1) Population density … over 300 person per hectare. 2) Ratio of a building site … over 70 percent. 3) Size of a building site … under 120㎡ 4) Diffusion ratio of the road … under 25 percent. 5) Ground coverage of a building … over 55 percent. 6) Volume ratio of a building … over 120 percent. 7) Dwelling space of a person … under 20㎡ 8) Total floor space per a building … under 80㎡ 9) Age of building … over 40 years.

韓國의 都市規模別 計劃人口 密度에 관한 硏究

崔昌煥,吳錫氣,安相哲 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1977 硏究報告 Vol.2 No.1

Population is concentrated urban region in Korea. It is leading to over-massed dwelling of urban region and was made worse by the residential environment. This study is comparison of population density by the city size of the Master Plan in Korea. Analytical method decide ranking at thirty-five cities of Korea by the census in 1975 and it divided into city size which is Metropolis (over a million), Large City (300-1,000 thousand), Middle Town (100-300 thousand) and Small Town (under 100 thousand persons). In this study, population density for possible developing area was computed by the presumption of population in 1986. The results of this study are summerized as follows: 1). Population plan was underestimated in Metropolis (Seoul, Busan and Daegu) by policy agreement. 2). The possible developing area's population density will proper in under-a million's city. 3). The Metropolis cause an advance in the population density of possible developing area in 1936 and will bring about a change for the worse of residential environment. (362persons/ha.) 4). A plan of solution to a population density's rising is necessary re-enforcement of re-completed master plan and the plan of arrangements for residential area must be considered in the plan of re-completed master plan.

釜山의 都市變遷에 관한 考察 : 解放 40年을 中心으로 Based on Forty Years since Liberation

崔昌煥 東亞大學校 1985 東亞論叢 Vol.22 No.1

Pusan has been growing with our national history. A study is made on a historical background in the formation of modern Pusan City with the forty years of Liberation and the transitional process of Pusan City by period. Pusan City was shaped on the centripetal tendency of Japanese settlements in its formation under the rule of Japanese imperialism since Pusan opened a port in 1876, and was framed as a colonial port city. The urban transition of Pusan after Liberation is classified as follow. 1) A period when Pusan was urbanized in disorder after Liberation and accommodated refugees during the Korean war (1945~1960). 2) A period for the May 16 revolution, commencement of five years economic development plan, the raising of status of Pusan City under the direct control of the Goverment, excess of one million ppulation, and the Sasang Industrial Complex Plan (1961~1966). 3) A period for urban development based on industrial complex and readjustment of town lots project (1967~1971). 4) A period for designation of urban greenbelt and planning arrangement (1972~1976). 5) A period for requirement of realistic urban planning and Pusan City development toward 2000 years (1977~1985).

集團住居地의 機能에 關한 硏究2. : 화이트 칼라層 아파트團地의 경우 A Case of Apartment Sites of White Colour Class

崔昌煥 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1980 硏究報告 Vol.4 No.2

This study is a thesis of series about the establishment of collective residence function through total dweller's life within collective residence place. From these viewpoints named a development of dweller's human relation, living time, living sphere and community consciousness on the Busan apartment site, this could be sought as a following conclusion on Busan apartment sites of white colour class on the purpose of continuous study for community site fixation. 1) District community of dweller's human relation has little proportion as against household but large proportion in the housewife. 2) District community by the street is related with environments on the same degree with internal district but still now, human relation before occupancy is greater than after occupancy. 3) There are some visitors in the home, and there are so many internal inter-neighbourhood visitors among them. In this viewpoint, housing becomes a social space so much. 4) Consciousness on meeting is affirmative or desiring the developmental side, especially this is notable on meeting of voluntary social sphere. 5) Structure of dweller's living time divides into householder and housewife of urban communing white colour class I guess. 6) On purchasing sphere, though daily provisions necessities are dependent upon internal district or district periphery is dependent on urban department.

부산시 아파트地域 成長패턴에 關한 調査硏究

崔昌煥,安相哲 동아대학교 공과대학 부설 한국자원개발연구소 1980 硏究報告 Vol.5 No.1

I could be mought a following conclusion as a result groped for a development orientation according to spatial distribution of apartment area through research analysis on rate of individual growth, income class, and lans value for defined unit area on growth pattern of apartment area in busan city. 1. It is considered that we must develop positively slope and hill area added locational characteristics of busan city, and urban renewal with improvement of residence environment, if we are able to construct apartment area contributing to quantity increase of housing Suply. 2. Apartment area dispersed spatialy and close related with residential function requires improvement of route network for its access and ease. 3. We must improve some problems of row house development of small scale in encouraging apartment sites over middle scale through as-ditional designation of apartment site in open area which is able to develop. 4. It must be taken effect consistantly with Comprehensive planning so that Spatial distribution of apartment area in busan city may become a rational distribution.

중국의 한국 제품에 대한 반덤핑 규제의 영향요인 분석

최창환 한국국제상학회 2011 國際商學 Vol.26 No.3

China has used the Antidumping policy as a trade protection tool against Korean products due to reduce the deficit of trade balance of payment, boost the economic growth and protect its weak industries. This paper investigates whether there is a connection between the China’s macroeconomic activity and pressures for protection under antidumping with using the current data that come from the WTO, World Bank for 1997 to 2010. The result suggests that pressures for protection under Antidumping against exporting of Korean products to China have increased during periods of macroeconomic weakness like high unemployment, low economic growth, larger deficit of trade balance and decreased during periods of macroeconomic strength.

Determinants of Forum Non Conveniens on International Contract Negotiation : U.S. Court's Judicial Precedent

崔昌桓 韓國仲裁學會 2008 중재연구 Vol.18 No.2

국제거래에서 분쟁이 소송으로 발전될 경우 당해 사안에 적용될 준거법의 결정문제와 어느 나라의 법원에서 재판을 받을 것인가에 대한 국제재판관할권의 문제가 빈번히 대두 되고 있다. 소송을 제기하는 당사자들로서는 자신에게 유리한 재판결과를 얻을 수 있는 법이 준거법으로 선택될 가능성이 있는 국가의 법원에 소송을 제기하는 소위‘포럼 쇼핑 (forum shopping)’전략을 세우기도 한다. 이러한 포럼 쇼핑에 대응하기 위해 영미 판례법 인 common law에서는 오래 전부터 forum non conveniens를 확립하였다. 본 논문에서는 forum non conveniens를 섬리한 미국 대법원의 판단기준을 살펴보면 먼저,적절한 대체관할지의 존재여부이며,둘째 사적이익 부분에서 자국민이 현저하기 불리한 위치에 처하는지를 확인하고,셋째 공적이익 부분에서 미국의 이익이 심각하게 침해되지는 않는지를 검토하여 판단하게 된다. 이러한 법리적 판단근거를 제시하고 이에 대한 적용사례를 분석하여 향후 무역거래를 포함한 일련의 국제계약에 있어 분쟁시 국내기업들이 미국법정에 재판받지 않고 국내법원으로 재판관할지를 선택할 수 있는 전략을 제시함으로써 패소가능성 등의 계약위험을 줄일 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

수취계정에 대한 체계적 관리 및 프로세스 개선

최창환,이종환 한국산업경영시스템학회 2011 한국산업경영시스템학회 학술대회 Vol.2011 No.-

This study look at a company which introduced SAP program, one type of ERP systems, and how the firm cope with the problems which happen in business process. The research tried to solve the problem by IDEAL method of process software improvement methodology. As a result, receipt account program for credit sales could be developed; the program was applied to the actual business work and operated.

수복재료와 임플랜트 종류에 따른 임플랜트 및 지지조직의 응력분포

최창환,오종석,방몽숙,Choi Chang-Hwan,Oh Jong-Suk,Vang Mong-Sook 대한치과보철학회 2002 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.40 No.1

This study was aimed to analyze the stress distribution of implant and supporting tissue in single tooth implant restoration using Branemark $system^{(R)}$(Nobel Biocare, Gothenberg, Sweden) and Bicon system(Bicon Dental Implants, Boston, MA). Two dimensional finite element analysis model was made at mandibular first premolar area As a crown materials porcelain, ceromer, ADA type III gold alloy were used. Tests have been performed at 25Kgf vertical load on central fossa of crown portion and at 10Kgf load with $45^{\circ}$ lateral direction on cusp inclination. The displacement and stresses of implant and supporting structures were analyzed to investigate the influence of the crown material and the type of implant systems by finite element analysis. The results were obtained as follows : 1. The type of crown material influenced the stress distribution of superstructure, but did not influence that of the supporting alveolar bone. 2. The stress distribution of ceromer and type III gold alloy and porcelain is similar. 3. Stress under lateral load was about twice higher than that of vertical load in all occlusal restorative materials. 4. In Bicon system, stress concentration is similar in supporting bone area but CerOne system generated about 1.5times eater stress more in superstructure material. 5. In Branemark models, if severe occlusal overload is loaded in superstvucture. gold screw or abutment will be fractured or loosened to buffer the occlusal overload but in Bicon models such buffering effect is not expected, so in Bicon model, load can be concentrated in alveolar bone area.