家計 消費支出의 變化推移 : 農家와 都市勤勞者家口의 比較硏究

崔銀淑 서울대학교농과대학농업개발연구소 1988 서울대농학연구지 Vol.13 No.2

The objective of this thesis is to analyze empirically changes in household consumption expenditure in Korea by comparison of the changes in the consumption pattern between urban and rural households. Data used for analysis were from Urban Household Economy Survey Published by the Economic Planning Board and Rural Household Economy Survey published by the Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries. The time series analysis was conducted for the periods 1962∼1982. The principal findings of the thesis can be summarized as follows : The real income and consumption expenditure of average households of the country has improved markedly in the past twenty years, but the increases in the real income and consumption expenditure of rural households lagged behind those of the urban households. The disparity, however, tends to improve in the seventies as compared with the sixties. Regardless of the level of income, the average propensity to consume was found consistently higher in the urban households than in the rural households. It was found that among all expenditure items the highest rate of increase was exhibited in housing and rental and the lowest rate in food and beverage in both urban and rural households. The Engel coefficient has been declining in both urban and rural households, but the proportion of housing and rental costs has consistently increasing in both sectors. The rate of increase in the proportion of the housing and rental costs was significantly higher in the urban than in the rural, which may be due both to higher value of properties and lower ownership proportion for houses in the urban sector than in the rural. Another significant finding in the changes in the pattern of consumption expenditure was a marked increas in the proportion of education expenditure of the rural households as compared to that of the urban households, which may be due to the fact that the students should move to urban sector and pay not only tuition but also room and board. Significant differences were found in consumption expenditure patterns between urban and rural household sectors. Therefor, it is recommended that the macro analytical model should incorporate economic as well as non-economic variables such as demographic characteristics of the two sectors to grasp the real picture of the consumption expenditure and differences in the two sectors.

<김ᄃᆡ비훈민가> 관련 텍스트의 존재 양상과 변이

최은숙 한국고전여성문학회 2019 한국고전여성문학연구 Vol.0 No.39

The purpose of this study is to investigate Kim Daebi Hunminga and Buin Hunminga and the literature on their related texts, as well as their patterns of text variation and discourse. Kim Daebi Hunminga and Buin Hunminga are works of hunminga by Kim Daebi, assumed to be a woman from the royal family, written to spread the vice and virtues to the public. However, it was confirmed that there exist texts that share the contents of Kim Daebi Hunminga and Buin Hunminga while showing distinct differences. The fact that there are different variations shows the continuous concerns on these works by those who enjoy them and their active involvement in the transmission process of these works. It is assumed that these texts were enjoyed in the transmission regions of the Kyubang-Gasain the Gyeongbuk area and were passed down from the end of the 19thcentury to the mid-20thcentury. The most important variations are the change of the author’s sign from KimDaebi to KimDaebu and the addition of private narrations by the Gasascribes. Kim Daebi is an important sign that defines the identities of the author and the work. However, this important sign is switched to Kim Daebu. The variation to Kim Daebu signifies the variation of discourse of lessons for the people at a national level to a moral discourse for family solidarity. This can also be confirmed by the change of title and content in the text. This change is related to the process of changing the discourse of lessons into the level of everyday ethics centered on the family in the 19th century traditional society. At the same time, during the course of transmission of the gasa, the scribes actively intervened as the narrator of the text. While they superficially seem to maintain the original text’s discourse of lessons for the people, they apply their personal experiences and lamentations to lead the texts away from the key point of the lessons. This is a notable point in that during the transmission of the moral Gasa, the words of teaching for the receiver in the transmission become customized with the active participation of the receiver in the process of transcription and transmission. This study may serve to contribute to the study of literature by bringing into light the existence and the transmission process of the texts related to Kim Daebi Hunminga and Buin Hunminga, and at the same time serve as an opportunity to trace the transmission and enjoyment aspect of the gasa. 본고는 <김ᄃᆡ비훈민가>·<부인훈민가> 및 이들과 관련 있는 텍스트의 작품 현황을 살피고 텍스트 변이와 담론 양상을 살핀 것이다. <김ᄃᆡ비훈민가>‧<부인훈민가>는 김대비라 추정되는 왕실의 여성이 대민전교의 차원에서 창작한 훈민가이다. 그런데 <김ᄃᆡ비훈민가>·<부인훈민가>의 내용을 공유하면서도 이들과 차별성을 지닌 텍스트가 존재함을 확인하였다. 다양한 각편이 존재한다는 것은 이들에 대한 가사 향유자들의 지속적인 관심이 있었고 이들 가사의 전승 과정에서 향유자의 적극적 개입이 있었음을 말해 준다. 이들 텍스트는 주로 경북지역 규방가사 전승권에서 향유된 것으로 보이며, 19세기말에서 20세기 중반까지 그 전승을 이어간 것으로 보인다. 중요한 변이는 김대비와 김대부라는 작가적 표지의 교체이고, 가사 필사자의 사적 발화가 확장되는 현상이다. 김대비는 작가 및 작품의 정체성을 말해주는 중요한 표지이다. 이를 토대로 작품 창작의 배경과 동기, 교훈 대상의 범위를 확인할 수 있다. 그런데 이러한 중요한 표지가 김대부로 교체된다. 김대부로의 교체는 국가적 차원에서의 훈민 담론이 가문 결속을 위한 교훈 담론으로 변이되어 전승을 지속했다는 것을 보여준다. 한편 이들 가사의 전승 과정에서 필사자가 텍스트의 발화자로서 적극적으로 개입한 양상을 확인할 수 있다. 발화자의 개입은 표면적으로는 기존 텍스트의 교훈 담론을 유지하는 듯하지만, 이를 활용하여 자신의 개인적 체험과 한탄을 확장하여 텍스트 자체를 교훈의 구심에서 이탈하는 방향으로 이끈다. 이러한 양상은 수신자를 향한 가르침의 언술이 필사와 전승의 과정을 거치면서 변화를 겪고, 오히려 수신자가 텍스트 형성에 적극적으로 개입하여 텍스트를 자기화한다는 점에서 주목할 만한 현상이다. 이상의 논의는 <김ᄃᆡ비훈민가>·<부인훈민가> 관련 텍스트의 존재 및 전승 과정을 구명함으로써 작품론의 성과에 기여함과 동시에, 이를 통해 가사 전승 및 향유의 양상을 추적하는 기회가 되었다는 점에서 의미를 지닐 수 있을 것이다.

일제 강점기 민요 창작론과 창작민요의 특성

최은숙 한국민요학회 2008 한국민요학 Vol.24 No.-

‘Folk songs’ during the Japanese occupation was newly discovered. Folk songs, which was actively called for as means of national enlightenment, has been the subject of full-scale search and meaning since 1920s, baptized with racial and popular discourses. In these processes, folk songs are recorded in a book as they are, but sometimes adapted or newly created for a special purpose. In relation to that, this article is intended to identify the phase of the folk song creation theory and characteristics of Creation long-sijo that were newly proposed especially in discourse related to folk songs in the 1920s. Folk songs in the 1920s should have been created not in the way that utilizes and adapts existing folk songs but in the way that positively indicates popular reality and demand, and these requirements became influential as important elements of determining the identity of folk songs. On the basis of this discussion, Creation folk songs, as a song of the populace, were performing a function of representing the joys and sorrows of the contemporary populace and criticizing the reality. Also, the argumental features represented in Creation folk songs are directly related to this. One thing is the pain as a colony of Japan and another is the wandering of city labor who, in the process of modernization, came to the city to look for job and money but whose value as a human being can not be acknowledged. The argumental features of Folk song creation theory and Creation folk song in the 1920s coincide with the previous tradition that stressed the power of folk songs in that they tried to diagnose and criticize the reality through folk songs. In addition, they can become an important logical basis in verifying the reason for succession of folk songs in actively under discussion. With regard to this point, Creation folk song theory and Creation folk songs that established the populace as one subject and attempted to represent their reality would provide a new potential prospect. ‘Folk songs’ during the Japanese occupation was newly discovered. Folk songs, which was actively called for as means of national enlightenment, has been the subject of full-scale search and meaning since 1920s, baptized with racial and popular discourses. In these processes, folk songs are recorded in a book as they are, but sometimes adapted or newly created for a special purpose. In relation to that, this article is intended to identify the phase of the folk song creation theory and characteristics of Creation long-sijo that were newly proposed especially in discourse related to folk songs in the 1920s. Folk songs in the 1920s should have been created not in the way that utilizes and adapts existing folk songs but in the way that positively indicates popular reality and demand, and these requirements became influential as important elements of determining the identity of folk songs. On the basis of this discussion, Creation folk songs, as a song of the populace, were performing a function of representing the joys and sorrows of the contemporary populace and criticizing the reality. Also, the argumental features represented in Creation folk songs are directly related to this. One thing is the pain as a colony of Japan and another is the wandering of city labor who, in the process of modernization, came to the city to look for job and money but whose value as a human being can not be acknowledged. The argumental features of Folk song creation theory and Creation folk song in the 1920s coincide with the previous tradition that stressed the power of folk songs in that they tried to diagnose and criticize the reality through folk songs. In addition, they can become an important logical basis in verifying the reason for succession of folk songs in actively under discussion. With regard to this point, Creation folk song theory and Creation folk songs that established the populace as one subject and attempted to represent their reality would provide a new potential prospect.

한국 근대 민요에 관한 연구 경향과 쟁점

최은숙 한국민요학회 2009 한국민요학 Vol.27 No.-

This paper looked into the tendencies toward research on and results of Korean folk songs which have been handed down during the period of the late 19th century to the early 20th century. Research on Korean modern folk songs can be largely divided into as follows:research on popular and new folk songs of collected popular songs and a phonographic record; research on folk songs discussions and proses such as a newspaper, a magazine, etc.; and research on folk songs materials and academic approaches. Research on Korean modern folk songs is focused on research on the process of formation of diverse transformation and concepts of Korean folk songs, the systematization process as academical subjects, etc., and it was confirmed that several issues were formed in such a process. In view of these facts, it would be necessary that research on future classification aspect of folk songs, formation and development of common folk songs and traditional folk songs, and collection of materials of folk songs continue. It is expected that the above summary of modern folk songs will, to some extent, be helpful to checking the flow of studies of Korean folk songs and seeking a new study method.

소방공무원의 조직문화가 직무만족도에 미치는 영향

최은숙,이인수,정완택 한국응급구조학회 2009 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.13 No.3

근대전환기 내방가사에 나타난 여성들의 교육담론과 의미

최은숙 한국고전여성문학회 2022 한국고전여성문학연구 Vol.- No.44

This study examines the discourse and meaning of women’s education in Naebanggasa(Korean traditional poetry by women) during the modern transition period. Naebanggasa is a prominent genre since it reveals the changing attitudes and perceptions of women’s education during the modern transition period. This period in Naebanggasa reflects the struggle to promote women’s education and public understanding of the issue. One of the features of this generational shift is the inclusion of women’s opinions. Regarding ideas on the education of women during the modern transition period, Naebanggasa emphasized literacy to satisfy the demand for self-expression, the role of women’s education as the result of a generational shift, and the establishment of the concept of the traditional woman with regard to schooling. Through Naebanggasa, women expressed what education means to them and the role they can play. This not only reaffirmed their identity, but also reconstructed it. Those who enjoyed Naebanggasa also realized the need to promote women’s education during the modern transition period. Through education, it appears that women were achieving a new status and establishing their identities. Despite an emphasis on skills such as reading and writing, as well as the practice of female virtue as prescribed in Confucian ideology, women were provided the opportunity to reconstruct their own identity in the changing times through the discourse on education. 본고는 근대전환기 내방가사에 나타난 여성들의 교육담론 양상과 의미를 고찰하는 데에 목적을 두었다. 내방가사는 근대전환기 여성교육에 대한 담론을 직접 확인할 수 있는 텍스트이다. 특히 신문·잡지 등의 근대적 매체나 여훈서 등의 전통 교육서와는 별도로 여성 스스로의 인식을 확인할 수 있어 더욱 중요하다. 선행연구에서도 이러한 점에 착안하여 내방가사에 담긴 여성 담론에 대해 살핀 바가 있다. 그러나 여성 담론의 전반적인 흐름을 파악하는 데에 중점을 두고 있어 여성교육에 대한 보다 집중적인 조명은 더 필요한 상황이다. 이에 본고는 특히 교육에 대한 여성 스스로의 인식과 담론 양상을 주목하였다. 여성들이 생각했던 교육의 내용이란 어떤 것이었는지, 그들이 교육을 통해 얻고자 한 것은 무엇이었는지 내방가사 텍스트를 통해 주로 살폈다. 내방가사에 나타난 근대전환기 여성들의 교육에 대한 담론은 크게 세 가지로 정리할 수 있다. 글 배우기의 강조와 자기표현의 욕구, 시대변화에 따른 여성교육의 역할 모색, 그리고 학교교육과 이에 대한 구여성의 정체성 확립에 대한 것이다. 여성들은 교육이 자신들에게 어떤 의미이고 어떤 역할을 할 수 있는지 내방가사를 통해 말하고 있으며, 자신들의 정체성을 확인하거나 재구성하고 있었다. 대체로 내방가사 향유자들은 근대전환기 새롭게 대두되고 있었던 여성교육의 시대적 요청에 공감하고 있었고, 교육을 통해 자신들의 새로운 위상과 정체성을 확보하려 한 것으로 보인다. 비록 그들이 글 배우기나 익히기의 수준, 전통적인 유교이념에 입각한 여덕(女德) 수행에 더욱 비중을 두고 있었다 하더라도, 내방가사 향유를 통해 교육이라는 주제에 대해 스스로를 되돌아보고 자신들의 정체성을 재구성하는 기회를 가졌다는 점에서 의미가 있다.

119 구급대원이 경험하는 폭력에 대한 실태조사

최은숙,김희정,조원민,강대훈 한국응급구조학회 2009 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.13 No.3

건물관리업 근로자의 직무스트레스 관련요인

최은숙,신동수 한국직업건강간호학회 2007 한국산업간호학회 학술대회 Vol.2007 No.1

근로자의 대사증후군 관리

최은숙,Choe, Eun-Suk 한국산업간호협회 2007 한국산업간호협회지 Vol.14 No.2

제언 - 고용 및 근로환경 변화에 따른 직업건강간호사의 역할

최은숙,Choe, Eun-Suk 대한산업보건협회 2019 산업보건 Vol.372 No.-