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Caspase-3 inhibitor inhibits enterovirus D68 production
Wenbo Huo,Jinghua Yu,Chunyu Liu,Ting Wu,Yue Wang,Xiangling Meng,Fengmei Song,Shuxia Zhang,Ying Su,Yumeng Liu,Jinming Liu,Xiaoyan Yu,Shucheng Hua 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.9
Enterovirus D68 (EVD68) is an emerging pathogen that recently caused a large worldwide outbreak of severe respiratory disease in children. However, the relationship between EVD68 and host cells remains unclear. Caspases are involved in cell death, immune response, and even viral production. We found that caspase-3 was activated during EVD68 replication to induce apoptosis. Caspase-3 inhibitor (Z-DEVDFMK) inhibited viral production, protected host cells from the cytopathic effects of EVD68 infection, and prevented EVD68 from regulating the host cell cycle at G0/G1. Meanwhile, caspase-3 activator (PAC-1) increased EVD68 production. EVD68 infection therefore activates caspase-3 for virus production. This knowledge provides a potential direction for the prevention and treatment of disease related to EVD68.
New Permeable Structure for Controlling Debris Flows in the Wenjiagou Gully
Yu-feng Liang,Chuan Liang,Hongwei Zhou,Feng-rong Yang,Miao Huo,Jia-wen Zhou 대한토목학회 2018 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.22 No.11
Aimed to control debris flows more effectively, we attempt to develop a new structure called a “sloping roof grill dam”, which consists of guidance walls, separation grills and lateral deposit areas. A series of flume tests were performed to verify the function of this new structure, focusing on the trapping efficiency (β ), deceleration efficiency (μ) and coarse-fine sediment separation extents (η) under different conditions of structure and debris flows. Experimental results show that both the trapping and deceleration efficiency increase with a decrease in permeability, whereas the separation extent shown the opposite effect. Multiple regression analysis indicates that β and η are linearly dependent on the permeability, deceleration efficiency and magnitudes of debris flow. In addition, an increase in beam gap can lead to an increase in the impact area downstream for the debris flow after the control of the structure. Finally, a two-level installation of the structure is tested to determine whether there is an enhancement of the debris control, which indicated that although the trapping effect of the two-level structure is considerably greater than that of a single-level structure (2.11 times at maximum), the separation extent of the two-level structure is not distinct and may be even lower.
Non-Benzoquinone Geldanamycin Analog, WK-88-1, Induces Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines
( Yu-ru Zhao ),( Hong-mei Li ),( Meilin Zhu ),( Jing Li ),( Tao Ma ),( Qiang Huo ),( Young-soo Hong ),( Cheng-zhu Wu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.4
Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is treated as a molecular therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of cancer. Geldanamycin (GA) was the first identified natural Hsp90 inhibitor, but hepatotoxicity has limited its clinical application. Nevertheless, a new GA analog (WK-88- 1) with the non-benzoquinone skeleton, obtained from genetically engineered Streptomyces hygroscopicus, was found to have anticancer activity against two human breast cancer cell lines. WK-88-1 produced concentration-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive MCF-7 and ER-negative MDA-MB-231 cell lines. Detailed analysis showed that WK-88-1 downregulated some key cell cycle molecules (CDK1 and cyclin B1) and lead to G2/M cell cycle arrest. Further studies also showed that WK- 88-1 could induce human breast cancer cell apoptosis by downregulating Hsp90 client proteins (Akt, p-Akt, IKK, c-Raf, and Bcl-2), decreasing the ATP level, increasing reactive oxygen species production, and lowering the mitochondrial membrane potential. Meanwhile, we discovered that WK-88-1 significantly decreased the levels of Her-2 and ER-α in MCF-7 cells but not in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, WK-88-1 significantly increased caspase-3, -8, and -9 activities and the cleavage of PARP in a concentration-dependent manner (with the exception of caspase-3 and PARP in MCF-7 cells). Taken together, our preliminary results suggest that WK-88-1 has the potential to play a role in breast cancer therapy.
Nkd2, a negative regulator of Wnt pathway, delays mitotic exit in Hela cell
Yu-Jie Shi,Keke Huo 한국유전학회 2013 Genes & Genomics Vol.35 No.5
Frequent amplification and abundant expression of Nkd2 has been identified in malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs), dominant for genomic instability, who is involved in both Wnt pathway and EGFR signaling pathway. As a negative regulator of Wnt pathway, Nkd2 suppresses Wnt signaling by binding to Dvl1 and causing its ubiquitination followed by 26S proteasome degradation. On the other hand, it interacts with TGF-a for its transportation to basolateral plasma membrane in polarized epithelial cells. It is of interest to determine if Nkd2 over-expression contributes to tumorigenesis and genomic instablity. In this paper, we found that cells expressing NKD2 delayed mitotic exit stage after double thymidine block synchronization, but aneuploidy was not detected in these cells. This was further confirmed by Western blotting. In nocodazole-synchronised cells, Cyclin B1 degradation was delayed with Nkd2 overexpression compared to control group. Given many previous publications showed that Wnt pathway components areinvolved in mitotic progression. Further investigation on Nkd2’s function in mitosis might give more clues on MPNSTs pathological progression.
Pengwei Huo,Yanfeng Tang,Mingjun Zhou,Jinze Li,Zhefei Ye,CHANGCHANG MA,Longbao Yu,Yongsheng Yan 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.37 No.-
ZnWO4-CdS heterostructure photocatalysts have been successfully synthesized by hydrothermalmethod with assembling CdS on the surface of ZnWO4. The obtained composite photocatalysts werecharacterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, Raman, thermo-gravimetricanalysis, UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy, photoluminescence and photocurrent measurement. The results show that the interface between ZnWO4 and CdS is well formed, and the CdS nanoparticlesare uniformly distributed onto ZnWO4 nanorods which could facilitate charge transfer and reducerecombination of photo-generated electrons and holes. Compared with pure ZnWO4 and CdS, the aspreparedheterostructure photocatalysts exhibit excellent photostability and photodegradation abilityof ciprofloxacin (CIP) under visible light irradiation.
Longbao Yu,Zhefei Ye,Jinze Li,Chunhong Ma,CHANGCHANG MA,XINLIN LIU,Huiqin Wang,Lili Tang,Pengwei Huo,Yongsheng Yan 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2018 NANO Vol.13 No.6
A series of hamburger-like Ag@ZnO/C core–shell plasmonic photocatalysts have been synthesized via a simple solvothermal method for degradation of tetracycline (TC) under visible light irradiation, possessing high photocatalytic activity and good stability. The presence of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) in the Ag core has increased the photocatalytic activity over an extended wavelength range. The plasmon-induced resonant energy transfer (PIRET) and direct electron transfer (DET) have facilitated the excitation and separation of photogenerated e-/h+pairs, which has been further confirmed by electrochemical investigations. The presences of hydroxyl radicals ( ·OH), superoxide radicals ( · O-2) and singlet oxygen (1O2) in the photocatalytic reaction system of Ag@ZnO/C photocatalyst have been demonstrated by electron spin resonance (ESR) measurements. All of the experiment results indicate that the ternary structure of Ag@ZnO/C can effectively enhance the photocatalytic activity. Furthermore, the effects of introduced Ag contents and carbon source dosage were researched by comparative photocatalytic experiments, and the potential structures of photodegradation products were studied by HPLC-MS.
Biosynthesis of Novel Glucosides Geldanamycin Analogs by Enzymatic Synthesis
( Qiang Huo ),( Hong Mei Li ),( Jae Kyoung Lee ),( Jing Li ),( Tao Ma ),( Xin Yu Zhang ),( Yi Qun Dai ),( Young Soo Hong ),( Cheng Zhu Wu ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2016 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.26 No.1
Two new glucosides (1 and 2) of geldanamycin (GA) analogs were obtained from in vitro glycosylation by UDP-glycosyltransferase (YjiC). Based on spectroscopic (HR-ESI-MS, 1D, and 2D-NMR) analyses, the glucosides were elucidated as 4,5-dihydro-7-O-descarbamoyl-7- hydroxyl GA-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1) and ACDL3172-18-O-β-D-glucoside (2). Furthermore, the water solubility of compounds 1 and 2 was about 215.2 and 90.7 times higher respectively, than that of the substrates. Among compounds 1-4, only 3 showed weak antiproliferative activity against four human tumor cell lines: MDA-MB-231, SMMC7721, HepG2, and SW480 (IC50: 13.6, 15.1, 31.8, and 22.7 μM, respectively).
( Yan Yu Zhao ),( Kun Meng ),( Hui Ying Luo ),( Pei Long Yang ),( Peng Jun Shi ),( Huo Qing Huang ),( Ying Guo Bai ),( Bin Yao ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2011 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.21 No.8
A xylanase gene, xyn7c, was cloned from Paenibacillus sp. 12-11, an alkalophilic strain isolated from the alkaline wastewater sludge of a paper mill, and expressed in Escherichia coli. The full-length gene consists of 1,296 bp and encodes a mature protein of 400 residues (excluding the putative signal peptide) that belongs to the glycoside hydrolase family 10. The optimal pH of the purified recombinant XYN7C was found to be 8.0, and the enzyme had good pH adaptability at 6.5-8.5 and stability over a broad pH range of 5.0-11.0. XYN7C exhibited maximum activity at 55℃ and was thermostable at 50℃ and below. Using wheat arabinoxylan as the substrate, XYN7C had a high specific activity of 1,886 U/mg, and the apparent Km and Vmax values were 1.18 mg/ml and 1,961 ?mol/mg/min, respectively. XYN7C also had substrate specificity towards various xylans, and was highly resistant to neutral proteases. The main hydrolysis products of xylans were xylose and xylobiose. These properties make XYN7C a promising candidate to be used in biobleaching, baking, and cotton scouring processes.
Influence of Interface Structure on Dielectric Properties of Epoxy/Alumina Nanocomposites
Jinhong Yu,Genglin Wang,Ruimei Huo,Chao Wu,Xinfeng Wu,Pingkai Jiang 한국고분자학회 2012 Macromolecular Research Vol.20 No.8
Alumina (Al2O3) nanoparticles with three different interface structures have been selected as reinforcement fillers for epoxy nanocomposite, that is surface untreated Al2O3 nanoparticles, γ-aminopropyl-triethoxysilane modified Al2O3 nanoparticles (Al2O3-APS), and hyperbranched aromatic polyamide grafted Al2O3 nanoparticles (Al2O3-HBP). The interface structures of the Al2O3 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction and atomic force micrographs. Our studies reported the influence of the interface structure of Al2O3 nanoparticles on the morphology and dielectric properties of epoxy nanocomposites. It was found that the incorporation of the Al2O3-APS and Al2O3-HBP nanoparticles not only improved the dispersion of the nanoparticles in the epoxy matrix, but also enhanced the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) and largely influenced the dielectric properties of the epoxy nanocomposites as compared with the nanocomposites filled with the surface untreated Al2O3 nanoparticles. The improvement of Tgs, volume resistivity, dielectric strength, and the reduction of dielectric loss could be attributed to the good dispersion and special interface structure of the Al2O3 nanoparticles in the epoxy matrix.