발전·에너지업종의 배출권거래제 제1차 계획기간 배출권 구입비용 추정과 전력시장 반응

이상림 ( Sanglim Lee ),이지웅 ( Jiwoong Lee ),이윤 ( Yoon Lee ) 한국환경경제학회·한국자원경제학회(구 한국환경경제학회) 2016 자원·환경경제연구 Vol.25 No.3

배출권거래제는 시장 친화적 온실가스 감축 정책이지만 단기적으로는 기업들에게 추가적인 비용을 야기한다. 이 비용에 대한 정교한 예측은 기업이 직면한 불확실성을 줄이고, 나아가 거래제의 안정적 조기 안착을 돕는다. 본 연구는 배출량이 가장 많은 업종인 발전·에너지 업종의 2016-17년 예상 배출권 구입비용을 추산한다. ``제7차 전력수급기본계획`` 상의 전력수급량 전망치를 근거로 전력시뮬레이션 모형 M-Core을 이용하여 전망한 온실가스 예상 배출량과 ``온실가스 배출권거래제 제1차 계획기간(2015년~2017년) 국가 배출권 할당계획``에 나타난 발전·에너지 업종 할당량을 이용하여 해당 업종의 배출권 과부족분을 추정하였다. 그 결과 2016년은 무상할당량이 예상배출량을, 2017년에는 예상배출량이 무상할당량을 초과하는 것으로 나타났으며, 배출권 가격이 1만원~2만원/톤인 경우 배출권 구입비용이 약 700억~1,400억원이 될 것으로 전망되었다. 그리고 CO2 비용이 변동비에 포함된다는 가정 하에서, 배출권 가격이 8만원/톤을 초과하는 경우에 석탄화력발전과 LNG발전 간 급전순위 변동이 발생하는 것으로 확인되었다. 이는 2만원 이하의 현재 배출권 가격 수준으로는 배출권거래제의 목적인 석탄화력발전 대체를 달성할 수 없음을 의미한다. This study analyzes how much cost the power generation and energy sector in South Korea have to bear due to the introduction of emissions trading scheme during 2016 - 2017. To this end, the data on the seventh basic plan for long-term electricity supply and demand is applied to the electricity market simulation model called M-Core, and then the model forecasts carbon dioxide emissions to compare with the free emission allowances in the first national emissions permit allocation plan. The main results are as follows. Carbon dioxide emissions are estimated to be less in 2016 but more than the free emission allowances in 2017. When the price of the allowances is changed from ￦10,000/ton to ￦20,000/ton, the cost of purchasing the allowances is ranged from ￦70 billion to ￦140 billion. Under the assumption that CO2 cost is incorporated into the variable cost, a reversal of merit order between coal and LNG generation takes place when the price of the allowances exceeds ￦80,000/ton.

Automatic Segmentation and Radiologic Measurement of Distal Radius Fractures Using Deep Learning

Sanglim Lee,Kwang Gi Kim,Young Jae Kim,Ji Soo Jeon,Gi Pyo Lee,Kyung-Chan Kim,Suk Ha Jeon 대한정형외과학회 2024 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.16 No.1

Background: Recently, deep learning techniques have been used in medical imaging studies. We present an algorithm that measures radiologic parameters of distal radius fractures using a deep learning technique and compares the predicted parameters with those measured by an orthopedic hand surgeon. Methods: We collected anteroposterior (AP) and lateral X-ray images of 634 wrists in 624 patients with distal radius fractures treated conservatively with a follow-up of at least 2 months. We allocated 507 AP and 507 lateral images to the training set (80% of the images were used to train the model, and 20% were utilized for validation) and 127 AP and 127 lateral images to the test set. The margins of the radius and ulna were annotated for ground truth, and the scaphoid in the lateral views was annotated in the box configuration to determine the volar side of the images. Radius segmentation was performed using attention U-Net, and the volar/dorsal side was identified using a detection and classification model based on RetinaNet. The proposed algorithm measures the radial inclination, dorsal or volar tilt, and radial height by index axes and points from the segmented radius and ulna. Results: The segmentation model for the radius exhibited an accuracy of 99.98% and a Dice similarity coefficient (DSC) of 98.07% for AP images, and an accuracy of 99.75% and a DSC of 94.84% for lateral images. The segmentation model for the ulna showed an accuracy of 99.84% and a DSC of 96.48%. Based on the comparison of the radial inclinations measured by the algorithm and the manual method, the Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.952, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.975. For dorsal/ volar tilt, the correlation coefficient was 0.940, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.968. For radial height, it was 0.768 and 0.868, respectively. Conclusions: The deep learning-based algorithm demonstrated excellent segmentation of the distal radius and ulna in AP and lateral radiographs of the wrist with distal radius fractures and afforded automatic measurements of radiologic parameters.

Primary Aneurysmal Bone Cyst of Patella

Sanglim Lee(이상림),Hyung Ho Kim(김형호),Jae Yoon Kim(김재윤),Joo Han Oh(오주한) 대한정형외과학회 2005 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.40 No.8

동맥류성 골 낭종은 원발성 골 종양의 1% 미만을 차지하는 드문 질환으로, 주로 하지의 장골 골간단을 침범한다. 원발생 동맥류성 골 낭종이 슬개골을 침범하는 경우는 보고된 예의 1% 미만으로, 문헌 고찰상 국내의 2예를 포함하여 13예를 찾을 수 있었다. 저자들은 30세 남자에서 우측 슬개골에 발생한 원발성 동맥류성 골 낭종을 소파술 후 탈무기질화 골 기질을 충전하여 치료한 예를 보고하는 바이다. Aneurysmal bone cyst is an uncommon lesion accounting for less than 1% of primary bone tumors. There exists a predilection for the metaphysis of long bone in the lower extremity. Occurrence in the patella accounts for less than 1 % of all reported cases of aneurysmal bone cyst. Review of the literature reveals few cases of primary aneurysmal bone cyst of the patella, including 2 Korean cases. We report a 30-year-old man with primary aneurysmal bone cyst in the right patellar treated with curettage and filling with demineralized bone matrix.

Factors Related to Failure of Conservative Treatment in Volar Plate Avulsion Fractures of the Proximal Interphalangeal Joint

Sanglim Lee,Seung Jin Jang,Suk Ha Jeon 대한정형외과학회 2020 Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery Vol.12 No.3

Background: Volar plate avulsion fractures of the proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint are a common hand injury and have been treated conservatively with favorable results. We assumed that conservative treatment of volar plate avulsion fractures of the PIP joint would be unsuccessful if the fracture fragment, even if small, was much displaced or rotated and that delayed excision of the avulsion fractures would result in good outcomes. We report clinical and radiological outcomes of conservative treatment of volar plate avulsion fractures of the PIP joint and risk factors for failure of conservative treatment. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the clinical and radiological outcomes of 88 volar plate avulsion fractures (85 patients) treated conservatively at first. In 18 of these fractures, delayed excision of the fracture fragment was required after an average of 75 days of conservative treatment for limited motion or pain of the joint. We compared parameters between failed cases and successful cases after conservative treatment. Results: Compared to the successful cases, the failed cases had a higher prevalence of joint dislocation at the time of injury and greater pain, larger flexion contracture, and less further flexion after conservative treatment. The shape, comminution, and size of the fracture fragments were not related with the need for operation, but the operative cases had greater displacement and rotation of the fracture fragments than the conservative cases. After fragment excision, postoperative protection of the joint was not necessary, pain was reduced, and the mean range of motion increased. Conclusions: The presence of joint dislocation and greater displacement and rotation of the fragments may be associated with the failure of conservative treatment of volar plate avulsion fractures. Failed cases after conservative treatment could be resolved by delayed fragment excision with favorable results. Therefore, it might be appropriate to consider conservative treatment at first in almost all volar plate avulsion fractures of stable PIP joints.

연령이 인구이동에 미치는 영향 : 최초이동, 계속이동, 귀환 이동

이상림(Sanglim Lee) 한국인구학회 2009 한국인구학 Vol.32 No.3

일반적으로 인구이동은 전형적인 연령패턴을 갖는 것으로 알려져 있다. 연령에 따른 이동률의 변화는 생애주기와 지역애착에 영향을 받기 때문이라고 설명되어왔다. 많은 인구이동 연구들은 인구이동이 갖는 다양한 형태에 대한 고민 없이 단순한 거주지역의 변화에만 초점을 맞추었다. 하지만 인구이동의 다양성에 주목한 연구들은 인구이동이 그 형태에 따라 다양한 의미를 갖고 있음을 보여주고 있다. 이에 이 연구는 패널데이터(NLSY79)를 사용하여, 인구이동을 최초이동, 계속이동 및 귀환이동으로 구분하였다. 이러한 구분을 바탕으로 생애주기 및 지역애착 등을 반영하는 사회경제적 변수들을 통제한 후 연령이 인구이동에 미치는 영향을 알아보았다. 분석결과는 인구이동이 그 형태에 따라 다양한 연령패턴을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다. 최초이동은 이동률이 성인초기 연령대의 매우 높은 수준에서 급감하여 중년에 이르러 일반적 이동률 수준으로 나타났고, 계속이동은 연령의 증가에 따라 선형으로 꾸준히 감소하지만 그 폭은 크지 않았다. 그러나 귀환이동은 이동률이 연령에 따라 증가하는 모습을 보여주었다. 이러한 연령패턴의 다양성을 설명을 위해 이 연구는 인구이동에서의 보수성 증가라는 심리적 접근을 제안하고 있다. The main purpose of this study is to examine whether or not age effects on schedules of migration are different by migration types. This study categorizes migrations into three types including primary migration, onward migration, and return migration. It employs the data from 1979 Longitudinal Study of Youth (NLSY79). The findings present the diversity of age effects schedules of migrations. Primary migration rates plummet from very high level at early adult ages and to similar level with other migration types, while rates of onward migration decrease steady with age at low level. In return migration, however, migration rates increase as people get older. This study explains the diversity of age effects on migration schedules based on the concept of 'psychological conservatism in migration decision' that they are more likely to stay in a same place or to avoid new surroundings as age goes on. Such psychological approach has been largely ignored by the mainstream of migration studies.

세종시 정부청사 3단계 2구역

이상림(Lee, Sanglim),강희성(Kang, Heesung),김원영(Kim, Wonyoung) 현대건축사 2011 월간 CONCEPT Vol.- No.151

다른 수지의 중수수지 관절에서의 Stener 유사 병변

이상림(Sanglim Lee),정의엽(Eui Yub Jung),이지혜(Jihae Lee),전숙하(Suk Ha Jeon) 대한정형외과학회 2018 대한정형외과학회지 Vol.53 No.6

저자들은 다른 수지의 중수수지 관절에서 발견된 Stener 유사 병변 3예와 제2 수지에서 이와 유사한 임상 소견을 나타냈던 제1 배측 골간근 파열 1예를 보고하고자 한다. 제5 수지에서 발생한 2예는 Stener 병변이었고 제2 수지의 1예는 파열된 측부 인대가 전위되었으나 파열되지 않은 시상대가 아래에 위치하여 있었으며, 이는 수술 전 자기공명영상(magnetic resonance imaging, MRI) 검사에서도 관찰되었다. 수술 전 초음파에서 제2 수지의 Stener 병변으로 판단되었던 1예는 제1 골간근의 파열이었다. MRI는 수지의 중수수지 관절의 측부 인대 파열의 진단에서 필수적인 감별 진단 검사라고 판단된다. Three Stener-like lesions of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the fingers and a rupture of the first dorsal interosseous muscle mimicking the lesion in the index finger were observed. Two cases in the little fingers had a true Stener’s lesion. In one case in the index finger, the ruptured ligament was retracted and located under the intact sagittal band, which was also observed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Rupture of the first dorsal interosseous muscle was misdiagnosed preoperatively as a Stener’s lesion in the index finger by ultrasonography. MRI should be an essential differential diagnostic exam for collateral ligament ruptures of the metacarpophalangeal joint of the fingers.

코로나19 시대의 보육: 어린이집의 운영 실태와 과제

신나리(Nary Shin),김상림(Sanglim Kim),이주연(Joo-Yeon Lee),송승민(Seung-Min Song),백선정(Sunjung Baek) 한국보육지원학회 2021 한국보육지원학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Objective: Covid-19 is changing many aspects of child care programs. The objective of this study was to explore how the pandemic and mitigation efforts affected the experiences and practices at child care centers in the summer of 2020. Methods: Focus group interviews and mobile surveys were conducted with principals and teachers of child care centers in August and September 2020. Descriptive statistics including frequency distributions, means and standard deviations and mean differences were used to analyze the survey data with SPSS 22.0. Results: It was found that each sector of child care settings experienced different difficulties and had various needs. Young children s lack of energy, child care teachers workload and stress, and principles’ efforts to interrupt transmission of the infectious disease based on insufficient government guideline and supports were revealed as the main experiences. Conclusion/Implications: The Covid-19 pandemic has had a tandem of influences on daily life at child care centers. As policy makers consider additional guidelines or supports measures to prevent the infection and spread of Covid-19 at child care centers, long-term as well as short-term plans at various levels should be considered to meet the unique needs of child care programs.

손목 관절 단순 방사선 영상에서 딥 러닝을 이용한 전후방 및 측면 영상 분류와 요골 영역 분할

이기표,김영재,이상림,김광기,Lee, Gi Pyo,Kim, Young Jae,Lee, Sanglim,Kim, Kwang Gi 대한의용생체공학회 2020 의공학회지 Vol.41 No.2

The purpose of this study was to present the models for classifying the wrist X-ray images by types and for segmenting the radius automatically in each image using deep learning and to verify the learned models. The data were a total of 904 wrist X-rays with the distal radius fracture, consisting of 472 anteroposterior (AP) and 432 lateral images. The learning model was the ResNet50 model for AP/lateral image classification, and the U-Net model for segmentation of the radius. In the model for AP/lateral image classification, 100.0% was showed in precision, recall, and F1 score and area under curve (AUC) was 1.0. The model for segmentation of the radius showed an accuracy of 99.46%, a sensitivity of 89.68%, a specificity of 99.72%, and a Dice similarity coefficient of 90.05% in AP images and an accuracy of 99.37%, a sensitivity of 88.65%, a specificity of 99.69%, and a Dice similarity coefficient of 86.05% in lateral images. The model for AP/lateral classification and the segmentation model of the radius learned through deep learning showed favorable performances to expect clinical application.

Native Koreans’ Attitudes toward Immigrants in Ethnic Enclaves

( Hyomin Park ),( Seokho Kim ),( Sanglim Lee ) 건국대학교 이주사회통합연구소 2019 Journal of Migration and Social Integration (JMSI) Vol.4 No.1

The objective of this research is to examine the attitudes toward immigrants and migration policies among South Korean natives residing in ethnic enclaves in Seoul and Kyeonggi areas. Based on the empirical data, we argue that studies should focus on the settlement of immigrants. It has already passed one generation since the influx of immigrants into South Korea, and the number of immigrant increase fast. Based on that immigrants in South Korea build their own communities by establishing ethnic enclaves. This draws much attention from researchers on immigrants’ living conditions and characteristics of the enclaves. Current study shows that those enclaves are the front line where the interaction between immigrants and native Koreans occurs, and attempts to examine the attitudes among the native Koreans toward immigrants and migration policies. The results reveal that the people who are living in the ethnic enclaves are more likely to evaluate their living environment. They also show higher social distances to foreigners than those who are living in the enclaves. OLS regression shows lower quality of neighborhood environment than enclave. The results suggests that future research on immigrants needs to expand their scopes to provide better understanding of the current situation in South Korea regarding immigration. (hyominp@gmail.com)