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Muhammad Altaf Nazir,Tayyaba Najam,Muhammad Sohail Bashir,Muhammad Sufyan Javed,Muhammad Aswad Bashir,Muhammad Imran,Umair Azhar,Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah,Aziz ur Rehman 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1
The use of highly efficient, environment-friendly and economically inexpensive materials for the adsorption removal of contaminants from water has always been considered as emerging task. In this study, we synthesized hybrid tri-metallic nickel cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCoAl-LDH) porous material for the adsorption removal of Eosin yellow (EY) and Malachite green (MG) from water. The characterization results disclosed that tri-metallic LDH has been synthesized with extraordinary purity, identical morphology and high surface area (134.21 m2·g−1). The NiCoAl-LDH performs the best for adsorption of EY (qe=37.30mg·g−1 at pH=2) and MG (qe=39.61 mg·g−1 at pH=10). The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to explain the adsorption process of dyes on the surface of LDH. The Langmuir model (R2=0.991 and 0.999 for Eosin Y and Malachite G, respectively) was very appropriate to explain the process of adsorption on NiCoAl-LDH as homogeneous (monolayer). The maximum adsorption capacity of EY and MG calculated with Langmuir model was 78.74 and 110.13 mg·g−1 at 30 °C, respectively. Also with 240 minutes contact time 94.8% EY and 89.9% MG was adsorbed by as synthesized NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets. The NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets showed excellent performance of reusability of up to five regeneration cycles. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets after five regeneration cycles, to adsorb EY, decreased only from 40.80 to 36.93 mg·g−1 and that of MG from 79.21 to 75.42 mg·g−1, which is acceptable. The overall results Suggest that the fabricated NiCoAl-LDH is favorable for the purification of dye contaminated water.
Design and Development of a Semi-Autonomous Stair Climbing Robotic Platform For Rough Terrains
Muhammad Umar Masood,Muhammad Ahsan Sami,Haris Sohail,Muhammad Mujtaba,Muhammad Abubakar Siddique,Hashir Akram,Nasir Rashid,Mohsin I. Tiwana,Javaid Iqbal 제어로봇시스템학회 2017 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
This paper presents the design of a stair climbing fixed flipper unmanned ground vehicle (UGV) for urban search and rescue purposes. Mobile flippers are being used in certain UGVs for enhanced mobility in rough terrains, however, the control algorithm of these platforms is complex. To add this enhanced mobility in the UGV and to reduce the intricacy of the control algorithm, anterior end of the tracks are lifted up which enables the UGV to pass over obstacles with relative ease. To prevent the rollover of UGV while moving on an inclined surface, an image processing algorithm was developed which halts the motion of UGV if the calculated slope exceeds the threshold value with a maximum error of about 8%. Furthermore, left and right track velocities along with the turn radius were also calculated.
Experience Animalism: Animals’ Vitality and Symbolism in the Poetry of D.H. Lawrence
( Muhammad Sohail Ahmad ) 순천대학교 인문학술원 2021 인문학술 Vol.6 No.-
이 논문은 D.H. 로렌스의 시집 『물고기, 백조, 고래는 울지 않는다』 에서 동물의 물질적 특성, 상징역할, 생명력 등 같은 동물의 가장 두드러진 특징들을 논의합니다. 시인은 동물의 신체적 특징을 명확하고 세밀하게 묘사함으로써 동물 세계와의 친밀감을 보여줍니다. 로렌스 시에서 동물들과 관련된 모든 은유와 상징은 그의 시를 명료하게 만드는 동물의 물질적 특성에서 나온다. 로렌스 시는 인간중심적 의식과 환경 중심적 의식이라는 전통적인 이원적 대립을 전복시킵니다. 더욱이 동물 생명력이라는 의미는 동물이 인간생활에 개입하고 신과 동등한 지위를 차지하는 신화나 종교차원까지 확장됩니다. 이러한 확장을 통해, 로렌스는 자연 속에서 조화롭게 살아가는 것을 예시로 보여주고 있습니다. 결론적으로, 이 논문은 필자가 선택한 로렌스 시에 들어있는 동물주의를 검토하고, 로렌스가 인간에 대한 동물의 지배력과 생명력을 성공적으로 보여주고 있다는 점을 강조하고자 하였다. The paper discusses the most prominent features of animals such as the physical properties of them, their roles as symbols and vitality in selected poems Fish, Swans and Whales Weep Not by D.H Lawrence. The poet through his clear and close illustrations of animals’ physical characteristics shows his intimacy with animal life. In D.H Lawrence poems, all the metaphors and symbols related to the animals come from the physical properties of the animals that clarify his poems, subvert the traditional binary opposition of man/eco-centric consciousness. Moreover, the meaning of animals’ vitality is extended into the dimensions of myth or religion where animals interfere in human life and take an equal position of a god. With the expansion, Lawrence exemplifies what an animate and harmonious living in nature is. Conclusively, this paper aims to examine Lawrence’s animalism in the selected poems and to determine how successful the poet is in proclaiming the dominance and vitality of animals over human beings.
Dengue Virus Serotypes Circulating in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, Pakistan, 2013-2015
Muhammad Suleman,Rani Faryal,Muhammad Masroor Alam,Salmaan Sharif,Shahzad Shaukat,Uzma Bashir Aamir,Adnan Khurshid,Mehar Angez,Massab Umair,Mian Muhammad Sufian,Yasir Arshad,Syed Sohail Zahoor Zaidi 대한진단검사의학회 2017 Annals of Laboratory Medicine Vol.37 No.2
From 2013 to 2015, the National Institute of Health, Pakistan, received 1,270 blood samples of suspected dengue cases reported from inpatient and outpatient departments of various hospitals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province. In this study, we determined the circulating dengue virus (DENV) serotypes using real-time reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR to understand the serotype-based epidemiology of DENV. All four serotypes (DENV-1 [6%], DENV-2 [33%], DENV-3 [47%], and DENV-4 [0.1%]) were found circulating during the study period. Our findings suggest the need for an active surveillance system coupled with the laboratory diagnosis, especially in the chronic endemic areas of the country. Public awareness programs are needed for effective control and prevention of outbreaks in the future.
Oral Tissue Engineering Progress and Challenges
Muhammad Sohail Zafar,Zohaib Khurshid,Khalid Almas 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2015 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.12 No.6
Tissue engineering is a multidisciplinary science. The progress of tissue engineering for dental tissues is promising and various dental soft and hard tissues have been regenerated successfully in vitro using stem cells. Prior to their applications practically, there are a number of challenges and unanswered questions that need to be resolved for further progress. It is expected that in next two to three decades, the field of dentistry will be changed significantly by the availability of innovative tissue engineered products in dental office. The objective of this review paper is to highlight the progress of tissue engineering for various dental hard and soft tissues such as enamel, dentin, alveolar bone, periodontium, oral mucosa, and salivary glands. In addition, the challenges in the progress of tissue engineering and future expectations have been discussed.
Survivability Analysis of MANET Routing Protocols under DOS Attacks
( Sohail Abbas ),( Muhammad Haqdad ),( Muhammad Zahid Khan ),( Haseeb Ur Rehman ),( Ajab Khan ),( Atta Ur Rehman Khan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2020 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.14 No.9
The network capability to accomplish its functions in a timely fashion under failures and attacks is known as survivability. Ad hoc routing protocols have been studied and extended to various domains, such as Intelligent Transport Systems (ITSs), Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs), underwater acoustic networks, and Internet of Things (IoT) focusing on different aspects, such as security, QoS, energy. The existing solutions proposed in this domain incur substantial overhead and eventually become burden on the network, especially when there are fewer attacks or no attack at all. There is a need that the effectiveness of these routing protocols be analyzed in the presence of Denial of Service (DoS) attacks without any intrusion detection or prevention system. This will enable us to establish and identify the inherently stable routing protocols that are capable to survive longer in the presence of these attacks. This work presents a DoS attack case study to perform theoretical analysis of survivability on node and network level in the presence of DoS attacks. We evaluate the performance of reactive and proactive routing protocols and analyse their survivability. For experimentation, we use NS-2 simulator without detection or prevention capabilities. Results show that proactive protocols perform better in terms of throughput, overhead and packet drop.
IoT Service-oriented Process Model for Context Acquisition
Muhammad Sohail Khan,김도현 에스케이텔레콤 (주) 2014 Telecommunications Review Vol.24 No.4
Recently there is increasing the research interests towards a smart life style included a number of devices in residential space. Some devices are being used by us such as the smart phones while others are most of the time invisible to us such as proximity sensors and light sensors etc. These devices are being interconnected using technologies such as internet and are being utilized to read an environment, detect patterns and predict or forecast some events. The reading of a phenomenon or situation using sensing devices is called as context acquisition. So far context acquisition has been performed with respect to specific solutions and there is no generic process model which can be utilized for general context acquisition applications. This paper presents a hierarchical service-oriented process model for context acquisition. A step by step explanation has been provided for each process involved and performance analysis has been carried out using a prototype implementation of the model.
Comparison of Landfill Gas Generation and Recovery from An Existing Facility at Ulsan, S. Korea
( Muhammad Sohail ),( Aafaq Ur Rehman ),( Beak Jin Woong ),( Yousuf Jamal ),( Hung-suck Park ) 한국폐기물자원순환학회(구 한국폐기물학회) 2015 한국폐기물자원순환학회 3RINCs초록집 Vol.2015 No.-
Comparison study of landfill gas generation and recovery was carried out for the enhancement of landfill gas (LFG) from Seongam landfill facility situated at Ulsan, South Korea. Field sampling and measurements at the site were performed in order to investigate the possibility of enhanced gas recovery. US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) LandGEM mathematical model (version 3.02) and stoichiometric measurements were considered for the estimation of landfill gas generation. It was noted that the existing facility has limited gas recovery potential in comparison to prediction by EPA landGEM model. Reasons for this limited recovery are found to be the improper landfill covering, blockage of gas extraction pipe screen openings and improper gas management of leachate collection well. A proper landfill final cover, installation of cover for leachate collection well and dewatering system for removing blockage are suggested to reduce the gaseous emissions to the environment.
Optimized Deep Learning Techniques for Disease Detection in Rice Crop using Merged Datasets
Muhammad Junaid,Sohail Jabbar,Muhammad Munwar Iqbal,Saqib Majeed,Mubarak Albathan,Qaisar Abbas,Ayyaz Hussain International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2023 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.23 No.3
Rice is an important food crop for most of the population in the world and it is largely cultivated in Pakistan. It not only fulfills food demand in the country but also contributes to the wealth of Pakistan. But its production can be affected by climate change. The irregularities in the climate can cause several diseases such as brown spots, bacterial blight, tungro and leaf blasts, etc. Detection of these diseases is necessary for suitable treatment. These diseases can be effectively detected using deep learning such as Convolution Neural networks. Due to the small dataset, transfer learning models such as vgg16 model can effectively detect the diseases. In this paper, vgg16, inception and xception models are used. Vgg16, inception and xception models have achieved 99.22%, 88.48% and 93.92% validation accuracies when the epoch value is set to 10. Evaluation of models has also been done using accuracy, recall, precision, and confusion matrix.