Kinetics, isothermal and mechanistic insight into the adsorption of eosin yellow and malachite green from water via tri-metallic layered double hydroxide nanosheets

Muhammad Altaf Nazir,Tayyaba Najam,Muhammad Sohail Bashir,Muhammad Sufyan Javed,Muhammad Aswad Bashir,Muhammad Imran,Umair Azhar,Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah,Aziz ur Rehman 한국화학공학회 2022 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.39 No.1

The use of highly efficient, environment-friendly and economically inexpensive materials for the adsorption removal of contaminants from water has always been considered as emerging task. In this study, we synthesized hybrid tri-metallic nickel cobalt layered double hydroxide (NiCoAl-LDH) porous material for the adsorption removal of Eosin yellow (EY) and Malachite green (MG) from water. The characterization results disclosed that tri-metallic LDH has been synthesized with extraordinary purity, identical morphology and high surface area (134.21 m2·g−1). The NiCoAl-LDH performs the best for adsorption of EY (qe=37.30mg·g−1 at pH=2) and MG (qe=39.61 mg·g−1 at pH=10). The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were applied to explain the adsorption process of dyes on the surface of LDH. The Langmuir model (R2=0.991 and 0.999 for Eosin Y and Malachite G, respectively) was very appropriate to explain the process of adsorption on NiCoAl-LDH as homogeneous (monolayer). The maximum adsorption capacity of EY and MG calculated with Langmuir model was 78.74 and 110.13 mg·g−1 at 30 °C, respectively. Also with 240 minutes contact time 94.8% EY and 89.9% MG was adsorbed by as synthesized NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets. The NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets showed excellent performance of reusability of up to five regeneration cycles. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of NiCoAl-LDH nanosheets after five regeneration cycles, to adsorb EY, decreased only from 40.80 to 36.93 mg·g−1 and that of MG from 79.21 to 75.42 mg·g−1, which is acceptable. The overall results Suggest that the fabricated NiCoAl-LDH is favorable for the purification of dye contaminated water.

Experience Animalism: Animals’ Vitality and Symbolism in the Poetry of D.H. Lawrence

( Muhammad Sohail Ahmad ) 순천대학교 인문학술원 2021 인문학술 Vol.6 No.-

이 논문은 D.H. 로렌스의 시집 『물고기, 백조, 고래는 울지 않는다』 에서 동물의 물질적 특성, 상징역할, 생명력 등 같은 동물의 가장 두드러진 특징들을 논의합니다. 시인은 동물의 신체적 특징을 명확하고 세밀하게 묘사함으로써 동물 세계와의 친밀감을 보여줍니다. 로렌스 시에서 동물들과 관련된 모든 은유와 상징은 그의 시를 명료하게 만드는 동물의 물질적 특성에서 나온다. 로렌스 시는 인간중심적 의식과 환경 중심적 의식이라는 전통적인 이원적 대립을 전복시킵니다. 더욱이 동물 생명력이라는 의미는 동물이 인간생활에 개입하고 신과 동등한 지위를 차지하는 신화나 종교차원까지 확장됩니다. 이러한 확장을 통해, 로렌스는 자연 속에서 조화롭게 살아가는 것을 예시로 보여주고 있습니다. 결론적으로, 이 논문은 필자가 선택한 로렌스 시에 들어있는 동물주의를 검토하고, 로렌스가 인간에 대한 동물의 지배력과 생명력을 성공적으로 보여주고 있다는 점을 강조하고자 하였다. The paper discusses the most prominent features of animals such as the physical properties of them, their roles as symbols and vitality in selected poems Fish, Swans and Whales Weep Not by D.H Lawrence. The poet through his clear and close illustrations of animals’ physical characteristics shows his intimacy with animal life. In D.H Lawrence poems, all the metaphors and symbols related to the animals come from the physical properties of the animals that clarify his poems, subvert the traditional binary opposition of man/eco-centric consciousness. Moreover, the meaning of animals’ vitality is extended into the dimensions of myth or religion where animals interfere in human life and take an equal position of a god. With the expansion, Lawrence exemplifies what an animate and harmonious living in nature is. Conclusively, this paper aims to examine Lawrence’s animalism in the selected poems and to determine how successful the poet is in proclaiming the dominance and vitality of animals over human beings.

Alternate Dispute Resolution - Free and Speedy Complaints Redressal Framework using Technology: Ombudsmanship at Proverbial Doorsteps in Pakistan

Phatak, Sohail Ahmad,Chaudhary, Muhammad Azam Ishaq,Khattak, Muhammad Sajid,Naveed, Anjum International Journal of Computer ScienceNetwork S 2022 International journal of computer science and netw Vol.22 No.3

Ombudsmanship is the framework to provide the speedy administrative justice to poor man which is originated in Sweden in the 19^th Century and the modus operandi with modernized arrangement of public grievance redressal. Pakistan has thirteen different Ombudsman Institutions at both Federal and Provincial level with limited public accessibility. This paper presents a collaboration framework for extending the outreach of Ombudsmanship at proverbial doorstep of complainants. This framework has three main components as collaborative arrangements, Proceedings and Resolution of the complaints that increased the public trust. A pilot project titles Swift Complaint Resolution (SCR) was constructed and executed by Federal Ombudsman Secretariat to materialize the concept of speedy redressal of complaints. The SCR project first affirmed the strength of the components of the framework. The concept of SCR was first presented in the Federal Advisory committee for Administrative Justice, which comprised of highest level of the Parliamentarians, Public Officials, NGOs and Civil Society where presented guidelines to be adopted for the free and speedy redressal of grievances at proverbial doorsteps in tehsils and district headquarters ultimately to the extended to the union councils. In SCR, the complaints were decided within 25 days even though the Law permitted 60 days that is itself a record in any judicial /quasi-judicial forum.

Adiponectin homolog novel osmotin protects obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD by upregulating AdipoRs/PPARα signaling in <i>ob/ob</i> and <i>db/db</i> transgenic mouse models

Ahmad, Ashfaq,Ali, Tahir,Kim, Min Woo,Khan, Amjad,Jo, Myeung Hoon,Rehman, Shafiq Ur,Khan, Muhammad Sohail,Abid, Noman Bin,Khan, Mehtab,Ullah, Rahat,Jo, Min Gi,Kim, Myeong Ok Elsevier 2019 clinical and experimental Vol.90 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P>In metabolic disorders, adiponectin and adiponectin receptors (AdipoR1/R2) signaling has a key role in improving nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in obesity-associated diabetes.</P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To the best of our knowledge, here, we reported for the first time the underlying mechanistic therapeutic efficacy of the novel osmotin, a homolog of mammalian adiponectin, against NAFLD in leptin-deficient <I>ob/ob</I> and <I>db/db</I> mice.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>The <I>ob/ob</I> and <I>db/db</I> mice were treated with osmotin at a dose of 5 μg/g three times a week for two weeks. To co-relate the <I>in vivo</I> results we used the human liver carcinoma HepG2 cells, subjected to knockdown with small siRNAs of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα genes and treated with osmotin and palmitic acid (P.A.). MTT assay, Western blotting, immunohistofluorescence assays, and plasma biochemical analyses were applied.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Osmotin stimulated AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in <I>ob/ob</I> and <I>db/db</I> mice, and HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Mechanistically, we confirmed that knockdown of AdipoR1/R2 and PPARα by their respective siRNAs abolished the osmotin activity in HepG2 cells exposed to P.A. Overall, the <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> results suggested that osmotin protected against NAFLD through activation of AdipoR1/R2 and its downstream APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways as shown by the reduced body weight, blood glucose level and glycated hemoglobin, improved glucose tolerance, attenuated insulin resistance and hepatic glucogenesis, regulated serum lipid parameters, and increased fatty acid oxidation and mitochondrial functions.</P> <P><B>Conclusion</B></P> <P>Our findings strongly suggest that novel osmotin might be a potential novel therapeutic tool against obesity/diabetes-induced NAFLD and other metabolic disorders.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Osmotin <I>via</I> AdipoRs dependently reduced palmitic acid-induced toxicity <I>in vitro</I>. </LI> <LI> Osmotin regulated AdipoRs/APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in <I>ob/ob</I> and <I>db/db</I> mice. </LI> <LI> Osmotin regulated AdipoRs/APPL1/PPAR-α/AMPK/SIRT1 pathways in HepG2 cells. </LI> <LI> Osmotin regulated the impaired insulin signaling both <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I> studies. </LI> <LI> Osmotin treatment regulated plasma chemistry associated with metabolic disorders. </LI> </UL> </P>

Mathematical analysis of bio-convective micropolar nanofluid

Sohail Nadeem,Muhammad Naveed Khan,Noor Muhammad,Shafiq Ahmad 한국CDE학회 2019 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.6 No.3

The present investigation concentrates on three dimensional unsteady forced bio-convection flow of a viscous fluid. An incompressible flow of a micropolar nanofluid encloses micro-organisms past an expo-nentially stretching sheet with magnetic field is analyzed. By employing convenient transformation the partial differential equations are converted into the ordinary differential equations which are non-linear. By using shooting method to solved these equations numerically. The influence of the determining parameters on the velocity, temperature, micro-rotation, nanoparticle volume fraction, microorganism are incorporated. The skin friction, heat transfer rate, and the microorganism rate are analyzed. The results depicts that the value of the wall shear stress and Nusselt number are declined while an enhance-ment take place in the microorganism number. The slip parameters increases the velocity, thermal energy, and microorganism number consequentially. The present investigation are important in improv-ing achievement of microbial fuel cells

Analysis of Factors Affecting Energy Aware Routing in Wireless Sensor Network

Jabbar, Sohail,Asif Habib, Muhammad,Minhas, Abid Ali,Ahmad, Mudassar,Ashraf, Rehan,Khalid, Shehzad,Han, Kijun WILEY INTERSCIENCE 2018 WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND MOBILE COMPUTING Vol.2018 No.-

<P>Among constituents of communication architecture, routing is the most energy squeezing process. In this survey article, we are targeting an innovative aspect of analysis on routing in wireless sensor network (WSN) that has never been seen in the available literature before. This article can be a guiding light for new researchers to comprehend the WSN technology, energy aware routing, and the factors that affect the energy aware routing in WSN. This insight comprehension then makes the ways easy for them in designing such types of algorithms as well as evaluating the authenticity and extending the existing algorithms of this category, since algebraic and graphical modelling of these factors is also demonstrated. Various available techniques used by existing routing algorithms to handle these factors in making themselves energy aware are also given. Further, they are analyzed along with the suggested improvements for the researchers. At the end, we presented our previously published research work as an example and case study of discussed factors. A rich list of references is also cited for interested readers to explore the related given points.</P>

Association of Mutual Fund Risk Measures and Return Parameters: A Juxtapose of Ranking for Performance in Pakistan

KHURRAM, Muhammad Usman,HAMID, Kashif,JAVEED, Sohail Ahmad Korea Distribution Science Association 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.2

This purpose of this study is to investigate the association among mutual funds (MFs) risk measures and return parameters, evaluate mutual fund performance and also explore the best appropriate mutual fund performance measure for investment in Pakistan. Therefore, thirty-five mutual funds have been selected for the period 2007-2015. The Sharpe, Treynor, Jensen Alpha, Information ratio and Fama's Net Selectivity measures has been used to analyze MF performance. Our study findings show significant positive relation exist between Sharpe and Jenson alpha & information ratio (IR); Treynor ratio is negatively correlated to Jenson alpha and Jenson alpha is positively allied with IR. Moreover, association among performance measures, Fama's net selectivity is a major driver in leading to other measures but Sharpe and IR lead to Treynor ratio as well. Furthermore, performance measures are ranked in accordance standard deviation with the arrangement of Fama's net selectivity at top, Jenson Alpha at second, Sharpe ratio at third, IR at fourth and Treynor ratio at fifth position according to risk parameters in Pakistan. Overall, Jensen Alpha measure appears to be the best suitable mutual fund performance measure in Pakistan due to its practical nature. Finally, the Pakistani stock market index KSE100 (as benchmark) performs better than MF industry of Pakistan.

HCV, Interferon Therapy Response, Direct Acting Antiviral Therapy Revolution and Pakistan: Future Perspectives

Raza, Hamid,Ahmad, Tahir,Afzal, Muhammad Sohail Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.13

A Step towards the Improvement in the Performance of Text Classification

( Shahid Hussain ),( Muhammad Rafiq Mufti ),( Muhammad Khalid Sohail ),( Humaira Afzal ),( Ghufran Ahmad ),( Arif Ali Khan ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.4

The performance of text classification is highly related to the feature selection methods. Usually, two tasks are performed when a feature selection method is applied to construct a feature set; 1) assign score to each feature and 2) select the top-N features. The selection of top-N features in the existing filter-based feature selection methods is biased by their discriminative power and the empirical process which is followed to determine the value of N. In order to improve the text classification performance by presenting a more illustrative feature set, we present an approach via a potent representation learning technique, namely DBN (Deep Belief Network). This algorithm learns via the semantic illustration of documents and uses feature vectors for their formulation. The nodes, iteration, and a number of hidden layers are the main parameters of DBN, which can tune to improve the classifier’s performance. The results of experiments indicate the effectiveness of the proposed method to increase the classification performance and aid developers to make effective decisions in certain domains.

An enhanced framework for multimedia data: Green transmission and portrayal for smart traffic system

Iqbal, Muhamad Munwar,Mehmood, Muhammad Tahir,Jabbar, Sohail,Khalid, Shehzad,Ahmad, Awais,Jeon, Gwanggil Elsevier 2018 Computers & electrical engineering Vol.67 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The object tracking in video surveillance for intelligent traffic handling in smart cities requires an enormous amount of data called big data to be transmitted over the network using the Internet of Things. Manual monitoring and surveillance are impossible because traditional computer vision technologies are no more useful for massive processing and intelligent decision making. In this paper, a framework is proposed which enables both on spot data processing and intelligent decision making by using cloud computing. The developed application is a trained on Artificial Neural Network, which can handle different traffic techniques with congested traffic scenario and priorities traffic such as ambulance handling. The Message Queue Telemetry Transport protocol is used for green transmission with mobile access to traffic data. The results analyzed with thirty videos processed data which handle real-time data prioritization for the people for smart surveillance to fastest route and enhance the intelligent data transmission.</P>