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Directing the Distribution of Potassium Cations in Zeolite-LTL through Crown Ether Addition
Cho, Hae Sung,Hill, Adam R.,Cho, Minhyung,Miyasaka, Keiichi,Jeong, Kyungmin,Anderson, Michael W.,Kang, Jeung Ku,Terasaki, Osamu The American Chemical Society 2017 CRYSTAL GROWTH AND DESIGN Vol.17 No.9
<P>We discover that the crystal morphology of zeolite-LTL could be modified by crown ether (21-crown-7, CE), where CE decreases the aspect ratio of zeolite-LTL while increasing the nucleation of domains on the (0001) face and hindering their growth along the c-axes. Moreover, the study using scanning electron microscopy supports that the ratio between the rates for generation of cancrinite columns and bridging cancrinite columns on the {10 (1) over bar0} face remains constant among the LTL frameworks with different amounts of CE molecules. In addition, X-ray diffraction analysis shows that potassium cations redistribute into pore cavities (t-lil) from cancrinite cages (t-can) and t-ste cages by the strong interactions between potassium and CE as the amount of CE molecules is increased. Additionally, Monte Carlo simulations clarify that stabilization of the t-lil cage via the redistribution of potassium cations at high CE concentration is attributed to the dominant effect in the crystal morphology changes observed. To understand the catalytic and adsorption properties of zeolites, it is important to investigate their structure/property relationships. Especially, studying the morphology of an anisotropic zeolite crystals has been of great interest because of the strong influence on controlling its properties. Thus, morphological control of the material with a particular crystallographic direction is highly desirable to obtain maximum properties for applications.</P>
조경민 ( Kyungmin Cho ),오세은 ( Saeeun Oh ) 한국신·재생에너지학회 2022 신재생에너지 Vol.18 No.2
In this study, we used the Flux Balance Analysis (FBA) program to examine the behavior of hydrogen and organic acids according to seasonal changes in food wastewater collected from D city. The results showed that average hydrogen conversion rates in spring, summer, autumn, and winter were 1.06, 0.71, 1.21, and 1.13 mol H2/mol of hexoseadded, respectively, indicating a significantly lower hydrogen conversion rate in summer than in other seasons. This phenomenon is believed to occur because the carbohydrate concentration of the incoming food wastewater is low. In addition, Lactobacillus, the lactic acid-producing bacterium, was 21.3% in spring, 27.2% in summer, 17.5% in autumn, and 22.6% in winter. The most distinctive feature of the microbial community in summer was that 15.3% of the Ilyobacter was analyzed. It was confirmed that Ilyobacter, which is involved in the production of acetic acid and propionic acid, is closely associated with the tendency of increasing acetic acid and propionic acid and thus contributes to organic acid change. Clostridium, a hydrogen-producing bacterium, was 76.2%, 50.8%, 78.3%, and 74%, in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. It was confirmed that Clostridium dominates the microbial community by approximately 70% or more in all seasons except summer.
( Jeong-ju Yoo ),( Su Jong Yu ),( Juri Na ),( Kyungmin Kim ),( Young Youn Cho ),( Hyeki Cho ),( Dong Hyeon Lee ),( Eun Ju Cho ),( Jeong-hoon Lee ),( Yoon Jun Kim ),( Chung Yong Kim ),( Hyewon Youn ),( 대한간학회 2016 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2016 No.1
Aims: Enhancing sorafenib sensitivity is essential for achieving efficient control of intractable hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Considering that sorafenib exerts its effect by endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress due to hypoxia and energy depletion through anti-angiogenic aspect, hexokinase (HK) II which is an important rate-limiting glycolytic enzyme can be a key player in countervailing the effect of sorafenib. Pyruvate analog 3-bromopyruvate (3-BP), a HK II inhibitor, can promote tumor cell death by augmenting endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in human HCC cell lines. We evaluated inhibition of HK II potentiated sorafenib-induced ER stress in HCC cells. We also postulated that simultaneous treatment with sorafenib and 3-BP might synergistically enhance their anti-tumor efficacies against HCCs in vivo models. Methods: HCC apoptotic cell death was assessed by DAPI staining and apoptotic signaling pathways were explored by immunoblot analysis. Energy depletion was assessed by lactate assay. In vivo ectopic model of HCC was established in BALB-c nu/nu mice intradermally implanted with SNU-761 cells. Moreover, orthotopic model of HCC was established by subcapsular injection of SNU-761 cells via mini-laparotomy in BALB-c nu/nu mice. Sorafenib with/without 3-BP was subsequently administered. The anti-tumor efficacies were
Kyungmin Choi,Miyeon Jung,Daegon Cho 한국경영과학회 2017 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.10
Utilities and regulators are currently adopting an enabling technology of smart metering in order to effectively collect and manage high quality energy consumption data. This study descriptively identifies groups of energy consumers according to their psychological factors related to energy conservation and analyze them in terms of intra-day electricity usage curves. Collaborating with the largest electricity smart metering company in Korea, we conduct a survey on demographic information and the psychological factors to the smart meter users and collect their electricity usage in 15-minute granularity from January 2016 to July 2017 by their smart meters, and our final sample consists of 347 households. The findings will help utilities and regulators to provide more pragmatic feedback to their consumers.
Variation-tolerant Non-volatile Ternary Content Addressable Memory with Magnetic Tunnel Junction
Cho, Dooho,Kim, Kyungmin,Yoo, Changsik The Institute of Electronics and Information Engin 2017 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.17 No.3
A magnetic tunnel junction (MTJ) based ternary content addressable memory (TCAM) is proposed which provides non-volatility. A unit cell of the TCAM has two MTJ's and 4.875 transistors, which allows the realization of TCAM in a small area. The equivalent resistance of parallel connected multiple unit cells is compared with the equivalent resistance of parallel connected multiple reference resistance, which provides the averaging effect of the variations of device characteristics. This averaging effect renders the proposed TCAM to be variation-tolerant. Using 65-nm CMOS model parameters, the operation of the proposed TCAM has been evaluated including the Monte-Carlo simulated variations of the device characteristics, the supply voltage variation, and the temperature variation. With the tunneling magnetoresistance ratio (TMR) of 1.5 and all the variations being included, the error probability of the search operation is found to be smaller than 0.033-%.