환경정책

Huck Ju Kwon 한국행정학회 1999 한국행정학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.1999 No.-

Care-giving and Freedom

Huck-ju Kwon,Siyeon Won 한국정책분석평가학회 2009 한국정책분석평가학회 학술대회발표논문집 Vol.2009 No.4

Time constraint is one of the most important disadvantages for care-givers within households since care-giving is time-intensive work. Less freedom of care-givers due to time constraints at present may also lead to less freedom in the future since time-use at present may be the basis for capability in the future. In this context, this study will examine the time metrics of care-giving within the Korean households from the perspective of freedom. It will try to answer, first, who give care to the family members in need of care, and secondly how caregivers spend time in terms of care-giving and other activities of daily life such as work, and leisure. This study will approach to these questions from the viewpoint of human capability, and will use data from the Korean Time-use Survey in 2004. This paper argues that care-givers are faced with ‘care-trap’ which gives care-givers not only time disadvantage at present but also constraints on capability accumulation for the future. Regarding female care-givers, those who spend more time on care do more housekeeping work. This further reduces their opportunity freedom.

Implications of Korea`s Saemaul Undong for International Development Policy: A Structural Perspective

( Huck Ju Kwon ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2010 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.25 No.3

Development strategies based on neoliberal theories and good governance have failed to achieved clear outcomes. This paper examines the Saemaul Undong movement in Korea with the contention that it can provide a missing link between market- and state-oriented development policy. Saemaul Undong contributed to social and economic development in Korea not only as a self-help community movement but also as a mechanism of social inclusion. Its success was based on a social structure that was made more open to upward mobility by the land reform of the 1950s. A negative aspect of Saemaul Undong is that it was promoted by the government to mobilize political support for authoritarian President Park Chung Hee. In order to draw policy implications from Saemaul Undong for international development, it is necessary to consider the social and political context of the developing countries under consideration.

Policy Options for International Development Cooperation in the COVID Pandemic: A Global Perspective

Huck-ju Kwon 국제개발협력학회 2020 국제개발협력연구 Vol.12 No.3

Delivering unemployment benefits in the developmental welfare state : The case of Korea

Huck-ju Kwon,Jooha Lee 한국국정관리학회 2010 한국국정관리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

We have witnessed the growth of the developmental welfare state in Korea for the last decade. While it maintains the developmental orientation in the overall structure, the developmental welfare state introduced a range of programmes to protect those who had been left outside. This paper has examined how such continuity and change were reflected at the local level of implementation where policy objectives are achieved in practice, focusing on the Employment Insurance Programme. This chapter analyses two waves of interviews, the first with local officials in 2005 and the second with unemployment recipients in 2010. All in all, our analysis presents a mixed picture. There has been a steady progress in terms of the range of social protection but in terms of inclusion and equal access to welfare falls short of achieving the new policy goals, protecting the unemployed. Nevertheless it is true that there has been positive development in these fronts as well. If there are continual policy efforts to address these short-falls, the developmental welfare state will be more inclusive while maintaining its developmental credentials.

Transition from the Developmental State: The Deliberative Policy Process of Civil Service Pension Reform in Korea

( Huck Ju Kwon ),( Eun Ju Kim ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2011 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.26 No.3

This paper examines three recent efforts to reform Korea`s Civil Service Pension Program, in order to trace the changing policy process in Korea, where the policy regime of the developmental state used to be predominant. It has been argued that the government no longer has overwhelming influence over the policy-making process, while social actors are not able to compromise on social issues. This paper aims to test the hypotheses of the decline of government influence and the inability to reach social compromise, focusing on stakeholders` interactions at the micro Level. It argues that a new deliberative policy process has emerged that engages a range of stakeholders, such as trade unions and policy experts, and in which different government ministries compete against each other. The paradox of the new policy process is that despite its deliberative nature, the government`s strategic influence continues to be strong.

Special Symposium : Economic Crises and the Welfare State in Korea: Reforms and Future Challenges

( Huck Ju Kwon ),( Grami Dong ),( Hyun Gyung Moon ) 서울대학교 행정대학원 2010 Journal of Policy Studies Vol.25 No.1

Shaping the national social protection strategy in Cambodia: Global influence and national ownership

Kwon, Huck-ju,Cook, Sarah,Kim, Yusun SAGE Publications 2015 Global social policy Vol.15 No.2

<P>In the wake of the global economic crisis in 2008, the Cambodian government responded actively to the impact of the crisis by initiating various policy measures for social protection. Most importantly, it launched a National Social Protection Strategy (NSPS) in 2011 with a major focus on social assistance targeted at the poor, children and the disabled. How did this social protection policy come about? Was it driven by international influence or is it an outcome of national policy ownership? In order to answer these questions, this article analyses the interactions among global and national actors in the policy dynamics of Cambodia’s NSPS; it is intended to disentangle the complex politics of global social policy at the national level.</P>

정책수단의 정치적 성격

권혁주(Huck Ju Kwon) 한국정부학회 2009 한국행정논집 Vol.21 No.4

이 논문은 정책수단이 정치적으로 중립적이고, 효율성에 기초하여 선택된다는 가정에 대한 비판적 시각에서 정책수단의 정치적 성격을 분석하고자 하며, 이를 위해 `정치적`인 것을 다음과 같이 세 가지 차원으로 나누어 접근한다. 첫째, 국가와 개인 간의 질서정연한 사회적 관계에 대한 가치판단, 둘째, 정치권력을 획득하거나 정책을 통해 변화를 이끌어 내려는 정치적 과정, 끝으로 사회적, 경제적 가치에 대한 재분배라는 정치적 결과로 나누어 분석한다. 이러한 세 가지 차원의 분석을 통해 이 논문은 미시적으로 정책수단은 정치적으로 중립적이고, 주어진 목적에 따라 효율성에 기초하여 선택되지만, 어떤 정책목적을 위해 여러 정책수단이 조합되면서 뚜렷한 정치적 성격을 갖는다고 주장하고 있다. 이 글은 이러한 정책수단의 조합을 8가지 모델로 재구성하여, 일견 중립적이고 합리성에 근거한 정책수단도 불가피하게 정치적 성격을 내포하게 된다고 주장한다. 그러나 세 가지 차원에서 나타나는 정치적 성격이 반드시 서로 일관되게 나타나지 않는다는 점도 지적한다. Taking a critical view on the assumption that policy instruments are chosen base on value-neutral criteria such as efficiency, this paper examines the political nature underlying the choice of policy instruments. In order to set an analytical framework, it divides `the political` into three different dimensions. First, `the political` is related to value judgement on the well-ordered society that defines the relationship between the state and individuals. Secondly, it is about political process in which political forces struggle against each other for power. Thirdly, `the political` is the way in which social value is distributed and redistributed. Using these dimensions of the political, this paper argues that policy instruments are chosen in a value-neutral manner at the micro level but that a mix of multiple policy instruments tends to have a political nature. Presenting eight models of the mixes of policy instruments with reference social policy, this paper show how those models acquire political nature.

새로운 국제개발협력 정책의 모색 : 3차 국제개발협력기본계획 수립을 위한 제언

권혁주(Huck-ju Kwon),김태균(Taekyoon Kim),김성규(Sung Gyu Kim),김은주(Eunju Kim),이수연(Suyeon Lee) 국제개발협력학회 2020 국제개발협력연구 Vol.12 No.1

Purpose: Despite significant improvements in terms of ODA institutions and policies since Korea’s accession to the OECD/DAC in 2010, there have emerged various weaknesses and shortcomings in Korea’s international development cooperation system such as fragmentation, ineffectiveness and low transparency. The study aims to analyze those weaknesses and shortcomings and provide policy recommendations for improvement. Originality: From the analytical perspective of the rational policy model, this study examines policy goals, implementation system, and performance evaluation of Korea’s international development cooperation system. The findings will be important contributions to the upcoming discussions on the 3rd Mid-term Strategy for Development Cooperation. Methodology: The study analyzes official documents, publications, and statistics of the Korean government over the past decade, and in-depth interviews conducted with experts from government, academic and civil society in the field. Result: Due to the fragmented structure of Korea’s ODA policy and implementation, some negative outcomes such as project overlaps and confusions and insolvency have occurred in the ODA delivery process. The more fundamental problem arises from the ambiguity embedded within the basic ideology and goals of international development cooperation of Korea. Because of such ambiguity the multiple ODA implementing agencies have difficulties of aligning their programs with the overall policy goals, resulting in low degrees of effectiveness, transparency and accountability. Conclusion and Implication: The study suggests that the Korean government should pursue universal values of human freedom, economic/social development and global sustainability in international development policy while also maintaining her comparative advantages such as rapid economic development and democratization. It also suggests that the Korean government should enhance the policy rationality and coherence when establishing the 3rd Mid-term Strategy for Development Cooperation. Lastly, the study emphasizes the importance of building partnership with the private sector and civil society in order to enhance development effectiveness. 연구목적: 우리나라는 2010년 OECD/DAC가입 이후 국제개발협력 분야에서 많은 개선을 이루었지만, 제도·정책 측면에서 원조의 분절화, 개발효과성 실현 및 성과평가의 체계화 등 여러 취약점을 노정하고 있다. 본 연구는 한국의 국제개발협력정책이 가지고 있는 문제점과 그 원인을 파악하고 개선방안을 제시한다. 연구의 중요성: 한국의 국제개발협력정책이 가지고 있는 취약점과 한계를 합리적 정책모형에 따라 정책목적, 이행체제, 성과평가를 분석한다. 이를 통해 향후 한국 정부가 3차 기본계획을 수립함에 있어 일관성 있는 정책으로 개발효과성을 제고할 수 있도록 제도개선 방향을 제시하는 실천적 중요성을 가진다. 연구방법론: 본 연구는 2010년 OECD/DAC에 가입 후 지난 10년간의 대한민국정부의 공식문서와 간행물 그리고 공식적인 통계자료를 분석하였으며, 이와 더불어 정부, 학계 그리고 현장 전문가들과 심층인터뷰를 실시하였다. 연구결과: ODA 시행기관이 나뉘어 있는 현재의 분절화된 추진체계가 유지되면서 기관 간 원조중복, 전달체계 혼선, 사업부실화 등 여러 부작용이 발생하였다. 보다 근본적인 취약성은 한국만의 국제개발협력의 철학과 가치가 불분명한 것으로, 이로 인해 시행목표, 추진방향, 주요정책과제 선정 등 하위단계에 대한 명확한 방향성과 체계가 마련되지 못하고 있다. 이는 한국의 개발효과성, 투명성, 책무성을 제고하는데 한계로 작용한다. 결론 및 시사점: 제3차 기본계획을 수립함에 있어 국제개발협력의 보편적 가치를 설정함과 동시에 한국적 정체성이 조화되어야 함을 강조한다. 정책과 집행의 과정에서 연계성과 정합성을 제고하는 것의 필요함을 제시하고, 정부 이외의 민간부분, 시민사회 등 다양한 개발주체의 역할과 참여를 통해 개발 파트너십을 구축하며, 이를 통해 정책의 효과성을 제고해야 함을 강조한다.