http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Lee, Sangik,Yoon, Chansoo,Lee, Ji Hye,Kim, Yeon Soo,Lee, Mi Jung,Kim, Wondong,Baik, Jaeyoon,Jia, Quanxi,Park, Bae Ho American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.22
<P>Two-dimensional (2D)-layered semiconducting materials with considerable band gaps are emerging as a new class of materials applicable to next-generation devices. Particularly, black phosphorus (BP) is considered to be very promising for next-generation 2D electrical and optical devices because of its high carrier mobility of 200-1000 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP> and large on/off ratio of 10<SUP>4</SUP> to 10<SUP>5</SUP> in field-effect transistors (FETs). However, its environmental instability in air requires fabrication processes in a glovebox filled with nitrogen or argon gas followed by encapsulation, passivation, and chemical functionalization of BP. Here, we report a new method for reduction of BP-channel devices fabricated without the use of a glovebox by galvanic corrosion of an Al overlayer. The reduction of BP induced by an anodic oxidation of Al overlayer is demonstrated through surface characterization of BP using atomic force microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy along with electrical measurement of a BP-channel FET. After the deposition of an Al overlayer, the FET device shows a significantly enhanced performance, including restoration of ambipolar transport, high carrier mobility of 220 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>-1</SUP> s<SUP>-1</SUP>, low subthreshold swing of 0.73 V/decade, and low interface trap density of 7.8 × 10<SUP>11</SUP> cm<SUP>-2</SUP> eV<SUP>-1</SUP>. These improvements are attributed to both the reduction of the BP channel and the formation of an Al<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>3</SUB> interfacial layer resulting in a high-<I>k</I> screening effect. Moreover, ambipolar behavior of our BP-channel FET device combined with charge-trap behavior can be utilized for implementing reconfigurable memory and neuromorphic computing applications. Our study offers a simple device fabrication process for BP-channel FETs with high performance using galvanic oxidation of Al overlayers.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>
Youngjin Lee,Ji Hun Kim,Bora Lee,Jung Youn Kang,Jia Jia Lim,Hyung-Seop Youn,Jung-Gyu Lee,Jun Yop An,Kyoung Ryoung Park,Tae Gyun Kim,Do Han Kim,Soo Hyun Eom 한국구조생물학회 2015 Biodesign Vol.3 No.4
Mitochondrial calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is essential for cell survival and death. The mitochondrial calcium uniporter(MCU) homo-tetramer is a selective Ca2+ channel responsible for mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake. Its paralog, MCUb, can form a Ca2+-impermeable hetero-tetramer with MCU exerting a dominant-negative function. We report the structural modeling for MCUb N-terminal domain (NTD), which showed 83% sequence homology with MCU NTD. The MCUb NTD model structure forms a stable globular domain via a hydrophobic interior and contains conserved putative phosphorylation and ubiquitination sites. The MCUb NTD structure is similar to that of MCU NTD with a root mean square deviation (RMSD) of 0.3 Å for 96 Cα atoms. The MCUb NTD forms a stable heterodimer with MCU NTD mainly by electrostatic interaction, although both NTDs are stable as monomers. Besides, our cross-linking results reveal that both NTDs form high-order oligomers. Our findings suggest that stable heterodimer formation of MCU-MCUb NTDs affects MCU NTD clustering, resulting in inefficient clustering of MCU for efficient Ca2+ permeation at the high [Ca2+] microdomain.
이정우(Jung Woo Lee),김지아(Jia Kim),신영재(Youngjae Shin),지병훈(Byung Hoon Chi),김정훈(Jung Hoon Kim),최세영(Se Young Choi) 대한비뇨기종양학회 2021 대한비뇨기종양학회지 Vol.19 No.4
The heterogeneity of cancer makes it difficult to predict the prognosis of treatment. There is still a lack of preclinical model systems that reflect the clinical characteristics of patients who have heterogenetic tumors. Advances in 3-dimentional (3D) cell culture are leading to discoveries that occur in the development and progression of cancer that has not been known. There are many models including patient-derived xenograft, patient-derived organoid and spheroid, patient-derived explant, scaffold-based model, and system-based model. Each 3D model has its strengths and limitations. One model cannot answer every question, so it seems most reasonable to approach multiple models when studying cancer heterogeneity. Hopefully, 3D tumor modeling will make tremendous progress on this path by fusion of innovative biomaterials and advanced modeling techniques that can partially mimic the heterogeneous environment of real tumors.
정기정 ( Gi-jung Jung ),박종민 ( Jong-min Park ),이국근 ( Guk-geun Lee ),정미경 ( Mi-kyong Chong ),심혜빈 ( Hye-been Sim ),이지아 ( Jia Lee ),한희영 ( Heeyoung Han ) 경희대학교 동서간호학연구소 2018 동서간호학연구지 Vol.24 No.2
Purpose: Reminiscence therapy is a widely used intervention for older adults and those with dementia. However, the attributes of the concept of reminiscence is not clearly proposed. The aim of this study was to clarify the concept of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia. Methods: The study applied the concept analysis method of Walker and Avant. The literature review included the previous studies of reminiscence from philosophy, literature, art, neuroscience, medicine, psychology, sociology, and nursing. Results: A total of 43 Korean or international papers were analyzed in this study. Attributes of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia were regeneration of memories, internal and external communications, expression of suppressed emotions, and recognition of ego identity. The suppressed emotions and ego identity may result from Korean cultural characteristics based on the suppressed environments of many wars and dictatorships in the past. The consequences of reminiscence in Korean older adults with dementia are cognitive enhancement, relief of depression, and improvements of social interactions, ego integrity, and quality of life. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that the historical and cultural characteristics should be considered to develop effective nursing interventions including reminiscence for Korean older adults with dementia.
생체 외 및 생체 내 실험조건에서 나노화 벌 화분의 안전성 규명
편해인(Hae-In Pyeon),소수정(Soojeong So),박지아(Jia Bak),이승현(Seunghyun Lee),이승민(Seungmin Lee),서화진(Hwa-Jin Suh),임제오(Je-Oh Lim),김정우(Jung-Woo Kim),김선연(Sun Youn Kim),이세라(Se Ra Lee),이용현(Yong Hyun Lee),정일경(Il Kyung 한국생명과학회 2018 생명과학회지 Vol.28 No.5
벌 화분은 영양보조제와 전통의약품으로 오랫동안 사용되어 왔다. 그러나 벌 화분은 두터운 외피를 갖고 있어 산이나 알칼리는 물론 위장관의 소화효소와 기계적 압력에 의해서도 잘 파괴되지 않는 단점이 있다. 이로 인해, 벌 화분을 경구로 섭취할 때 생체이용률은 10-15%에 불과한 실정이다. 이러한 문제점을 극복하기 위해 본 연구진은 이전의 연구에서 습식나노분쇄 기술을 소개하였고 이를 통해 활성성분의 추출률이 약 11배 증가함을 보고하였다. 본 연구에서는 습식나노분쇄를 통해 제조한 나노화 벌 화분의 안전성을 증명하고자 하였다. 먼저, 흰쥐와 비글견에서 단회 투여 독성 시험을 진행하였다. 나노화 벌 화분의 투여 용량은 흰쥐는 5, 10 또는 20 g/kg, 비글견은 1.5, 3 또는 6 g/kg으로 설정하였다. 흰쥐에서는, 10 g/kg 또는 그 이상의 용량을 투여한 동물에서 색변이 관찰되었다. 비글견에서는 6 g/kg 투여군에서 나노화 벌 화분 투여 4시간 후에 설사가 관찰되었다. 그러나, 흰쥐와 비글견 모두에서 뚜렷한 임상증상이 관찰되지 않았으며 안락사 후 부검을 진행한 결과에서도 장기의 이상이 관찰되지 않았다. 다음으로 나노화 벌화분의 유전독성을 복귀돌연변이시험, 염색체이상시험 및 소핵시험을 이용하여 확인하였다. 소핵시험에서는 시험에 사용한 최대용량인 2,000 mg/kg에서도 독성이 발견되지 않았다. 마찬가지로 복귀돌연변이시험과 염색체이상시험에서는 실험에 사용된 최고 농도에서도 독성을 나타내지 않았다. 종합하면 나노화 벌 화분은 본 실험에서 설정한 최고 용량인 20 g/kg/day의 용량까지는 매우 안전한 것으로 판단되며 이러한 결과는 나노화 벌 화분을 기능성 식품 또는 천연물 의약품으로 개발하는 데 중요하게 이용될 것으로 기대된다. Bee pollen has an outer wall which is resistant to both acidic and basic solutions and even the digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, the oral bioavailability of bee pollen is only 10-15%. A previous study reported on wet-grinding technology which increased the extraction of active ingredients from bee pollen by 11 times. This study was designed to investigate the safety of wetground bee pollen. First, a single dose of wet-ground bee pollen was tested in both rats and beagle dogs at dosages of 5, 10, and 20 g/kg and 1.5, 3, and 6 g/kg, respectively. In rats, compound-colored stools were found in those administered 10 g/kg or more of wet-ground bee pollen. In beagle dogs, 6 g/kg of wet-ground bee pollen induced diarrhea in one male for four hours. However, no obvious clinical signs were found through the end of the experiment in rats and beagle dogs. In addition, no histological abnormality was found in all animals. The data indicates that a single dose of up to 20 g/kg of wet-ground bee pollen is safe. Next, the genetic toxicity of nano-sized bee pollen was tested. This study employed a bacterial reverse mutation test, a micronucleus assay, and a chromosomal aberration assay. In the micronucleus assay, there was no genetic toxicity up to the dosage of 2 g/kg. There was also no genetic toxicity in the bacterial reverse mutation test and chromosomal aberration assay. This data provides important information in developing nano-sized bee pollen into more advanced functional foods and herbal medicines.
Jia Ryu,Key Hwan Lim,Dong-Ryeol Ryu,Hyang Woon Lee,Ji Young Yun,Seoung-Wook Kim,Ji-Hoon Kim,Kyunghee Jung-choi,Hyunjoo Kim 대한직업환경의학회 2016 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.28 No.-
Background: Methyl alcohol poisoning has been mainly reported in community. Two cases of methyl alcohol poisoning occurred in a small-sized subcontracted factory which manufactured smartphone parts in Korea. Case presentation: One young female patient presented with dyspnea and visual disturbance. Another young male patient presented with visual disturbance and myalgia. They treated with sodium bicarbonate infusion and hemodialysis for metabolic acidosis. In addition, he received ethyl alcohol per oral treatment. Her and his urinary methyl alcohol concentration was detected as 7.632 mg/L, 46.8 mg/L, respectively, although they were treated hemodialysis. Results of the working environment measurement showed that the concentration of methyl alcohol (1030.1–2220.5 ppm) in the air exceeded the time weighted average (200 ppm). They were diagnosed with optic neuropathy due to methyl alcohol poisoning and still have visual impairment. Conclusions: Workers who hired as dispatched employees in a small-sized subcontracted factory were exposed to high concentrations of methyl alcohol. The workplace had poor ventilation system. In addition, workers did not wear proper personal protect equipment. Working environment measurement and annual chekups for workers were not performed. They were in a blind spot to occupational safety and health. More attention is needed to protect vulnerable workers’ health.
Jung, Yuh-S.,Kim, Seok-ki,Park, Insoo,Ryu, Junsun,Kim, Seok Won,Lee, Chang Yoon,Lee, Jia SAGE Publications 2014 Surgical innovation Vol.21 No.6
<P> <I>Background</I>. Precise targeting has played a pivotal role in the success of surgery for recurrent differentiated thyroid cancers (DTCs). To improve on current targeting methods, we developed a novel technique using <SUP>99m</SUP>Tc-macroaggregated human serum albumin and indocyanine green (TIGMA), with which surgeons effectively target lesions in real time by radiofluorescence dual guidance. <I>Methods</I>. Seven patients with 10 recurrent DTC lesions were retrospectively enrolled in the study. Prior to the operation, we injected TIGMA into the target lesion under the guidance of ultrasonography. Resection was concurrently monitored using a gamma probe and a specially designed near infrared fluorescence camera. Outcomes were evaluated using imaging, surgical, and pathological records. <I>Results</I>. In all enrolled cases, both injection of TIGMA and radiofluorescence dual guidance were well tolerated and easy to implement. The technical success rates were 100%, confirmed by final pathological examination, postoperative ultrasonography, and I-131 scan clearance. Complications such as temporary postoperative neck pain (n = 2) were minimal. <I>Conclusions</I>. TIGMA using radiofluorescence dual guidance facilitated the precise targeting of recurrent lesions. The entire procedure was feasible, safe, and successful. This method would help enhance surgical outcomes for recurrent DTCs.</P>