대학생의 학업중단 요인 분석

다국어 초록 (Multilingual Abstract)

1. The purpose of the study
The purpose of this study is to find out the personality, institutional characteristic, and university experience factors that influence students' dropping out and effects that they exert on the dropout.
The specific questions of the study were as follow :
1) Does dropping out vary according to the personality, institutional characteristic, and university experience factors
2) Does university experience factors vary according to personal or institutional factors?
3) How do personal, institutional, or university experience factors affect the dropout?
2. The Methods of the study
The data were collected from the students who are seniors at university now. Universities in Korea were divided into four according to their regions, and 50 questionnaires were allocated to 14 universities in each region. 620 questionnaires were recovered and 608 questionnaires were actually analyzed among a total of 700 questionnaires. The survey method used in the study is the Institutional Integration Scale that was developed by Pascarella와 Terenzini(1980) and applied by 김수연(2006), 김재웅(1991), 이병식(2003), Mannan(2007), Tinto(1983), which was reconstructed to suitable for our universities' circumstances. Each question was based on a 5-point-scale and the content, reliability, and validity of the questionnaire were presented. The data were analyzed by SPSS 14.0. To be more specific, to find out whether dropping out varies according to personal, institutional, or university experiential factors, Anova, t-teat was utilized and to find out how they affect, logistic regression analysis was used.
3. The results of the study
First, it was found that in relation to personality factors, more male students have a plan stop out a year off or drop out than female ones, and that in the field of study, there are more students in business or economics majors who have the plan to stop out, but there was no such meaningful difference in the number of students who have a plan to drop out.
Second, those who plan to stop out show low commitment to the university and academical ambition, and those who plan to drop out are found to have low expectations and commitment to the university. From the observation that those students who plan to stop out or drop out show less commitment to the university, it can be inferred that it is necessary for universities to provide programs to boost students' commitment.
Thirdly, in relation to institutional characteristic factors, though the rates of stop out among students who attend national universities are low, there was no such meaningful difference in the number of students who have a plan to stop out or drop out. In relation to the location of universities, it is found that those who attend universities in Seoul and its vicinity show high rates of stop out or planing to stop out, whereas those who attend in regions show higher rates of a plan to drop out.
Fourthly, stop out shows differences according to the university experience. Those students who keep on studying have better relationships with colleague students than those who stop out. And those who have a plan to stop out show low learning abilities. Those who do have a plan to drop out receive high grades in the last semester, are satisfied with the curriculum, interactions with professors, and extra-curricular activities.
Fifthly, it seems that the university experience is differently perceived according to students' personality. In relation to the institutional factors, generally public universities, ones in Seoul and its vicinity, and highly-selective ones show higher perception than those that are not.
Sixthly, the personal factors that affect stop out are grades, academic ambition, the ones that influence the plan to take off are genders, perception about jobs, and commitment to the university. It appears that the low commitment to the university influences the plan to drop out negatively as well as the plan to stop out. The lower the commitment to the university, the more likely to drop out.
Seventhly, among the institutional properties, the type of university foundations, the location of universities and the rates of having jobs, the rates of scholarship, average tuition fees are found to have a meaningful influence on stop out. The location and selectivity of universities have a meaningful influence on dropping out.
Eighth, The better the relationships among students, the more likely to keep on studying rather than stop out. The higher the ability to learn, the lower the possibility to plan tostop out. One negative factor that influence a plant to drop out is satisfaction from extra-curricular activities. The more satisfied with them, the less possibility to plan to drop out.
Finally, the personality, institutional characteristic, and university experience are put to extract the factors that affect dropping out, stop out, a plan to stop out, and a plan to drop out as dependent variables. In the case of stop out, the grade(year) and the relationship with students reduce the stop out, whereas academic ambition increases the stop out. In the case of a plan to drop out, male students and freshmen are more likely to plan a dropping out than females and seniors. Commitment to the university, satisfaction with the curriculum, interactions with professors are found to reduce the possibility of dropping out.
3. The results of the study
It is found that a student's personality, a university's property, and the degree of academic and social integrations through experience at university have an influence on a student' dropping out. For universities to reduce the dropping out, they should grasp the rates of dropouts and seek programs to enhance the academic and social integrations based on the finds.

목차 (Table of Contents)

• Ⅰ. 서론 1
• 1. 연구의 목적 및 필요성 1
• 2. 연구 문제 4
• 3. 연구의 제한점 5
• Ⅱ. 이론적 배경 6
• 1. 학업중단 개념 6
• 2. 학업중단 요인 26
• Ⅲ. 연구 방법 37
• 1. 연구대상 37
• 2. 조사 도구 40
• 3. 변인 45
• 4. 분석 방법 49
• Ⅳ. 연구 결과 52
• 1. 연구 변인의 특성 52
• 2. 개인 특성, 대학 기관 특성, 대학 경험에 따른 학업중단 차이 56
• 3. 개인 특성 및 대학 기관 특성에 따른 대학 경험 차이 64
• 4. 개인특성, 대학 기관 특성, 대학 경험이 학업중단에 미치는 영향 72
• Ⅴ. 결론 및 제언 105
• 1. 결론 및 논의 105
• 2. 제언 114
• 참고문헌 117
• ABSTRACT 125
• 부록 1. 설문지 129
• 부록 2. 개인 특성 요인에 따른 학업중단 차이 136
• 부록 3. 개인 특성 요인에 따른 휴학계획 및 자퇴계획 차이 137

참고문헌 (Reference)

1. 2007 통계연보, 충남대학교, , 2008

2. Student success program, Grevatt, , 1992

3. Psychometric Theory, 2nd, Nunnally, "Psychometric Theory, , 1978

4. ALANA intervention program, Mueller, , 1993

5. How College Affects Students, Pascarella, E.T., , 1991

6. (SPSS) 다변량 자료분석, 허명회, SPSS 아카데미, SPSS 다변량 자료 분석, , 2001

7. Making enrollment management work, Dixon, Rebecca R, Jossey-Bass, "Making Enrollment Management, , 1995

8. Retention/Completion Summary Tables, ACT, , 2005

9. 한국의 인적자원 개발 지표, 한국직업능력개발원, , 2002

10. Preventing students from dropping out, Astin, Alexander W, Jossey-Bass, , 1975

11. Strategic Moves for Retention Success, Richer, Randi S.Levitz, , 2000

12. How college affects students , Volume 2, Terenzini, Pascarella, "How college affects students , , 2005

13. An event history model of student departure, McCall, DesJardins, , 1999

14. Enrollment management: An integrated approach, Claffey, Hossler, , 1984

15. Retention Revisited: RET = E, ID + E & In, IV, Seidman, "Retention Revisited: RET = E, , 1996

16. Supplemental Instructor: The Long-term impact, Ramirez, , 1997

17. 고객지향적 대학교육:도전과 기회, 민재형, 이대선, , 1997

18. Enrollment mα1agement: An integrated approach, Hossler, , 1984

19. Strategic Marking for Educational Institutions, Fox, Kotler, , 1985

20. The Strategic Management of College Enrollment, Associates, Bean, Hossler, , 1995

21. 등록경영을 위한 대학 마케팅 연구, 황현주, 한국교육재정경제학회, "교육재정연구, , 2004

22. Research on Retention and Attrition: December 2003, Grayson, Grason, , 2003

23. Standardizing Practice in the Analysis of Dropouts, Morrow, , 1968

24. Retention in accelerated degree-completion programs, Tweedell, , 2000

25. Saying power: College work to improve retention tool, Hurd, , 2000

26. College Student Retention: Formula for Student Success, Seidman, , 2005

27. Student Retention in Online & Distance Learning Courses, Coup, N.Shaik, , 2005

28. 대학생의 학업지속과 중도탈락 요인 분석, 김수연, 한국교육개발원, "한국교육, , 2006

29. What matters in college? : four critical years revisited, Astin, Alexander W, Jossey-Bass, What matters in college: Four critical years revisited, , 1993

30. 학생유지에 영향을 미치는 대학 특성 분석, 김수연, , 2007

31. College choice: Understanding Student Enrollment Behavior, Paulsen, , 1990

32. 전문대학생의 자퇴 및 휴학(계획) 결정 요인, 김수연, , 1998

33. The Path to Excellence : Quality Assurance in High Education, Goldberg, Marcus, Leone, , 1983

34. 한글SPSSWIN에 의한 다변량 데이터의 통계 분석, 노형진, , 1999

35. An integrated enrollment management system, In Hossler, D.(ed), Hossler, Claffey, "An integrated enrollment management system, , 1986

36. 대학 편입생들의 편입 후 대학생활에 관한 연구, 오영재(Oh Young-Jae), 한국교육행정학회, "교육행정학연구, , 2006

37. 대학 신입생들의 대학생활경험에 대한 분석 연구, 오영재(Oh Young-Jae), 고려대학교 교육문제연구소, "교육문제연구, , 2006

38. 대학간 학생이동의 영향요인에 관한 실증적 연구, 오영재(Oh Young-Jae), 한국교육행정학회, "교육행정학연구, , 2005

39. Promoting Student Retention: Lesson Learned from the United States, Tinto, , 2002

40. 대학 「신입생 세미나」운영 사례 및 효과성 연구, 이지영, 연세대학교 대학원, 연세대학교 석사학위논문, , 2005

41. 2003년도 및 2004년도 자퇴자의 학과/전공?사유별 현황, 카이스트 교무처, , 2005

42. Student retention in high education: The role of institutional habits, Tomas, , 2002

43. Leaving college : rethinking the causes and cures of student attrition, Tinto, Vincent, University of Chicago Press, , 1987

44. Dropout from Higher Education; A theoretical synthesis of recent research, Tinto, Dropout from higher education: A theoretical synthesis of recent research, , 1975

45. 지방사립대학 신입생의 대학선택 결정요인에 관한 연구, 송준종, , 2002

46. 지방대학의 등록관리 효율화를 위한 대학선택 요인 연구, 신붕섭, 주삼환, 천세영, 한국교육행정학회, , 2003

47. The Role of Academic and Non-Academic Factros in Improving College Retention, Noeth, Robbins, Lotkowski, , 2004

48. Leaving College: Rethinking the Causes and Curs of Student Attrition(2nd ed.), Tinto, , 1993

49. Student Variables that Predict Retention: Recent Research and New Developments, Reason, , 2003

50. 대학생의 학업성취도와 그 영향요인들 간의 인과관계 분석, 신정철(Shin Jung-cheol), 신택수(Jung Ji-sun), 정지선(Shin Tack-soo), 한국교육행정학회, "교육행정학연구, , 2008

51. Recruitment begins with retention : Retention begins with recruitment. Colleague, Seidman, , 1989

52. Undergraduate persistence and graduation at the university of California, PartⅢ, University of California, "Undergraduate persistence and graduation at the university of California, , 1994

53. How college affects students : findings and insights from twenty years of research, Pascarella, Ernest T, Jossey-Bass Publishers, , 1991

54. 대학납입금과 장학금이 대학생의 학업지속에 미치는 효과분석, 강경석, 한국교육행정학회, "교육행정학연구, , 1994

55. 대학부설 평생교육기관 성인학습자의 참여지속 결정요인 분석, 이숙원, 이화여자대학교 대학원, 이화여자대학교 박사학위논문, , 2002

56. 전문대학 신입생 중도탈락 예방을 위한 조기경보체제 개발 연구, 김수연, , 2006

57. A Multi-institutional, path analytic validation of Tinto's model of college withdrawal, Pascarella, E.T., Chapman, D.W., "A Multi-institutional, , 1983

58. A guide For Dropout Prevention. The National Center for Research in Vocational Education, Fennimore, , 1988

59. The estimation of a conceptional model of nontraditional undergraduate student attrition, Metzner, Bean, , 1987

60. 고등교육 경쟁촉진 정책. 자율과 책무의 대학개혁: 제2단계의 개혁, 이주호, , 2004

61. 대학생의 학업중단에 영향을 미치는 대학 기관 특성의 탐색적 분석, 이병식, 한국교육학회, "교육학연구, , 2003

62. The application of a model turn over in work organizations to the student attrition process, Bean, , 1983

63. A Hierarchical Analysis of Personal and Institutional Influences on Colege Student Departure, Rhee, , 2001

64. Student faculty relationships and freshman year educational outcomes: A further investigation, Terenzini, Pascarella, , 1980

65. 대학생의 개인특성 및 대학특성 요인이 재등록 의도에 미치는 관계 분석, 이석열(Suk-Yeol Lee), 한국교육행정학회, "교육행정학연구, , 2008

66. 미국 대학에 있어서 교육비 지출이 학업지속률 및 졸업률에 미치는 영향, 고장완(Jang Wan Ko), 한국교육재정경제학회, "교육재정경제연구, , 2005

67. The Relationship between institutional expenditures and degree attainment at baccalaureate colleges, Ryan, , 2004

68. When Does A College Deserve to Be Called High Quality? Improving Teaching and Institutional Quality, Astin, , 1980

69. Does money matter?: The effect of school resources on student achievement and adult success Washingto, Burtless, , 1996

70. Pathways to a Four-Year Degree: Determinations of Transfer and Degree Completion, In Seidman, A. (ed.), Cabrera, Burkum, La Nasa, "Pathways to a Four-Year Degree: Determinations of Transfer and Degree Completion, , 2005

71. Racial differences in factors associated with bachelor's degree completion: A nine year-year follow up, Pascarella, , 1985

72. Achieving educational excellence : A critical assessment of priorities and practices in higher education, Astin, W. A., , 1985

73. Theory elaboration and research and development: Toward a fuller understanding of college student retention, Braxton, , 1999

74. Student attrition and social integration: Application of Tinto's model at the University of Papua New Guinea, Mannan, , 2007

75. 미국에서의 전문대학 학생보유 연구에 관한 시사점 분석: 재학생 감소 시기를 중심으로, 정태화, , 2002

76. College Student Outcomes Assessment : A Talent Development Perspective. AAHE Report, Higher Education Research Report, 7, Ayala, Astin, Jacobi, "College Student Outcomes Assessment : A Talent Development Perspective. AAHE Report, , 1978

77. Understanding Retention and College Student Bodies: Differences Between Drop-Outs, Stop-Outs, Opt-Outs, and Transfer-Outs, Winn, Hoyt, "Understanding Retention and College Student Bodies: Differences Between Drop-Outs, , 2004

78. 대학교육서비스 평가준거가 서비스품질, 학생만족 및 행동의지에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구, 이경철, 상명대학교 대학원, 상명대학교 박사학위논문, , 2006

79. An examination of the influence of institutional context on persistence at four-year colleges and university: A Multilevel approach, Titus, , 2003

80. 고등교육환경변화와 대학 구조 조정 전략. 한국고등교육의 위기와 대학M&A. 제13회 대학교육 정책포럼, 이현청, , 2003

81. An alternative theoretical framework to analyze failures in decision making: Application to student dropout in asynchronous learning environments, Shaik, , 2003

82. Do academic integration programs have a causal impact on college retention? A study of a developmental mathematics course using discrete-time survival and regression-discontinuity analysis, Lesik, Sally Andrea, Harvard University, , 2005