Some properties of a Ricci quarter symmetric metric connection on Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold

EROL YA¸SAR 장전수학회 2011 Advanced Studies in Contemporary Mathematics Vol.21 No.3

We study the Lorentzian Para-Sasakian Manifold with respect to Ricci Quarter symmetric metric connection. We find the existence of the Ricci Quarter symmetric metric connection on Lorentzian Para-Sasakian Manifold. We show that there is a relations between the Levi-Civita connection and the Ricci Quarter symmetric metric connection. We deduce the projective cur-vature tensor of Lorentzian para-Sasakian manifold is skew symmetric with respect to Ricci Quarter symmetric metric connection. Finally we obtain con-ditions under which the conformal curvature with respect to Ricci Quarter symmetric metric connection is equal to that with respect to Levi-civita con-nection.

The Neurochemical Effects of Prazosin Treatment on Fear Circuitry in a Rat Traumatic Stress Model

Sema Ketenci,Nazife Gökçe Acet,Gökçe Elif Sarıdoğan,Banu Aydın,Hülya Cabadak,Mehmet Zafer Gören 대한정신약물학회 2020 CLINICAL PSYCHOPHARMACOLOGY AND NEUROSCIENCE Vol.18 No.2

Objective: The timing of administration of pharmacologic agents is crucial in traumatic stress since they can either potentiate the original fear memory or may cause fear extinction depending on the phase of fear conditioning. Brain noradrenergic system has a role in fear conditioning. Data regarding the role of prazosin in traumatic stress are controversial. Methods: In this study, we examined the effects of prazosin and the noradrenergic system in fear conditioning in a predator stress rat model. We evaluated the direct or indirect effects of stress and prazosin on noradrenaline (NA), gamma-aminobuytyric acid (GABA), glutamate, glycine levels and choline esterase activity in the amygdaloid complex, the dorsal hippocampus, the prefrontal cortex and the rostral pons. Results: Our results demonstrated that prazosin might alleviate defensive behaviors and traumatic stress symptoms when given during the traumatic cue presentation in the stressed rats. However prazosin administration resulted in higher anxiety levels in non stressed rats when the neutral cue was presented. Conclusion: Prazosin should be used in PTSD with caution because prazosin might exacerbate anxiety in non-traumatized subjects. However prazosin might as well alleviate stress responses very effectively. Stress induced changes included increased NA and GABA levels in the amygdaloid complex in our study, attributing noradrenaline a possible inhibitory role on fear acquisition. Acetylcholine also has a role in memory modulation in the brain. We also demonstrated increased choline esterase acitivity. Cholinergic modulation might be another target for indirect prazosin action which needs to be further studied.

A Retrospective Review of Radiographic and Clinical Findings from the M6 Cervical Prosthesis

İsmail Oltulu,Özgür Korkmaz,Ender Sarıoğlu,Mehmet Aydoğan 대한척추외과학회 2019 Asian Spine Journal Vol.13 No.6

Study Design: Retrospective clinical study. Purpose: To evaluate clinical results of the M6 cervical prosthesis. Overview of Literature: Cervical disk prostheses have been developed to preserve motion and reduce degeneration in adjacent seg-ments in degenerative disk diseases. Methods: A retrospective evaluation was performed on 43 patients who received the M6 cervical disk prosthesis between 2012 and 2016. Standard and dynamic radiographs, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging were used to evaluate all the patients preoperatively and postoperatively. The Neck Disability Index (NDI) and Visual Analog Scale (VAS) scores were examined in evaluating the clinical and functional results of patients with collapsed disk herniation who had received the M6 cervical prosthesis and to evaluate whether the core structure of the prosthesis protects motion. Results: The mean follow-up period was 34.12±6.70 months. Radiologically, the preoperative cervical segment ROM was measured as a mean of 5.77°±2.19° preoperatively and 8.49°±2.37° at the inal postoperative follow-up examination. In the patients with a preoperative disk height of <4 mm, the segmental ROM increased from 4.53°±2.79° preoperatively to 7.2°±3.18° postoperatively. In the patients with a preoperative disk height of >4 mm, the cervical segment ROM increased from 6.4°±1.45° preoperatively to 8.6°±2.02° at the inal postoperative follow-up examination. The NDI scores reduced from 53.86±9.77 preoperatively to 22.69±7.26 postop-eratively and the VAS scores reduced from 8.74±0.58 to 1.88±1.14. During follow-up in any patient, no collapse of the levels at which surgery was performed was observed. No heterotopic ossiication or implant failure was recorded in any patient during the follow-up period. Conclusions: The M6 new-generation cervical disk prosthesis had few complications. No heterotopic ossiication was observed in any patient, and lexion-extension ROM was maintained in all the patients, indicating the M6 prosthesis as a promising alternative.

Does Social Enterprise Empower Women?

SAR Dimdaline 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 2012 이화여자대학교 아시아여성학센터 학술대회자료집 Vol.2012 No.10

Social Enterprise (SE) comes from the law of registration of an organization with government, which is meant that it is the NGOss goal in the form of business enterprise without purely profited oriented but with the function to help improve the social and environmental issues for benefiting and empowering vulnerable or disadvantaged people. However, from the gender perspective, it is not always the case that SE can always ensure the gender equalitys participation and ensure to empower women. Therefore, this paper examines the case of wild honey social enterprise and wild honey micro and small scale enterprise (MSE) in Phnom Torp Cheang Community Forestry and Community of Protected areas of Chi Kha Leu and Kandaol in Koh Kong province in Cambodia to compare whether SE would be more effective to achieving up womens empowerment in household and community than a purely profit oriented MSE. Womens empowerment indicators have been developed based on some combined literatures and the social, political, and economical status of women are discussed to draw the conclusion of empowerment. The study also develops recommendations for improving performance of wild honey SE integrating with gender concepts.

캄보디아 키리롬 국립공원 내 2차림의 종 다양성

( Sar Kosal ),( Jung Oh Hyung ),( Yang Phyrom ),( Kol Vathana ) 한국임학회 2004 한국임학회 학술발표논문집 Vol.2004 No.-

Effects of Combination of Nitrate with ${\beta}$1-4 Galacto-oligosaccharides and Yeast (Candida kefyr) on Methane Emission from Sheep

Sar, C.,Santoso, B.,Gamo, Y.,Kobayashi, T.,Shiozaki, S.,Kimura, K.,Mizukoshi, H.,Arai, I.,Takahashi, J. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.1

The objective of the present study was to determine whether ${\beta}$1-4 galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) and Candida kefyr combined with nitrate as manipulators could suppress rumen methanogenesis without nitrate poisoning in sheep. Four rumen fistulated wethers were allocated to a $4{\times}4$ Latin square design. Nitrate (1.3 g $NaNO_3$ $Kg^{-0.75}$body weight) with and without GOS and Candida kefyr were administered into the rumen through fistula as a single dose 30 min after the morning meal. GOS and Candida kefyr were supplemented by sprinkling onto the feed and through rumen fistula, respectively. The four treatments consisted of saline, nitrate, nitrate plus GOS and nitrate plus GOS plus Candida kefyr. Physiological saline was used as the control treatment. Compared to saline treatment, the administration of nitrate alone resulted in a very marked decrease in rumen methanogenesis and an increase in rumen and plasma nitrite production and blood methaemoglobin formation consequently causing a decline in oxygen consumption, carbon dioxide production and metabolic rate. When compared to nitrate alone, the simultaneous administration of nitrate with GOS decreased nitrite accumulation in rumen and plasma and nitrate-induced methaemoglobin, while retaining low methane production. However, GOS could not fully restore metabolic parameters reduced by nitrate. When compared to the simultaneous administration of nitrate with GOS, the simultaneous administration of nitrate with GOS plus Candida kefyr lowered rumen methanogenesis to a negligible level, but did not decrease rumen and plasma nitrite accumulation as well as blood methaemoglobin formation. Thus, these results suggest that combination of nitrate with GOS may be a potent manipulator to suppress rumen methanogenesis with abating the hazards of nitratenitrite toxicity in ruminants.

Study of the methane flow influence in the micro‑tribology behavior of DLC coatings deposited by PECVD: a Raman analysis

C?sar Daniel Rivera‑Tello,Francisco Javier Flores‑Ruiz,M. Flores,O. Jimenez,I. Far?as,J. Oseguera‑Pe?a 한국탄소학회 2021 Carbon Letters Vol.31 No.1

This paper presents a Raman spectroscopy study of the influence of methane flow on the micro-tribological behavior of diamond-like carbon coatings deposited with an industrial plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition system. Results have shown a direct relationship between the methane flow and thickness of the coatings. The analysis of the Raman spectra and deposition parameters allowed establishing the influence of H content with the methane flow, the disorder level and estimation of the sp3 fraction on the carbon coatings. The micro-tribology tests showed a strong dependence of the wear resistance and hardness with Raman parameters. The coating deposited at 72-sccm methane flow presented a thickness of 1.7 μm and a sp3 fraction of 0.33. This sp3 fraction gave rise to a hardness of 24 GPa and an excellent wear resistance of 3.3 × 10–6 mm3 N?1 mm?1 for this DLC coating. Wear tests showed a swelling in the wear profiles on this coating, which was associated with the occurrence of a re-hybridization process.

Selective heteroaromatic nitrogen base promoted chromium(VI) oxidation of isomeric pentanols in aqueous micellar media at room temperature

Pintu Sar,Bidyut Saha,Aniruddha Ghosh,Susanta Malik,Dhiman Ray,Bijan Das 한국공업화학회 2016 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.42 No.-

Oxidation of the three isomeric pentanols by potassium dichromate in aqueous acidic medium wasinvestigated spectrophotometrically at 25 C. The oxidation leads to the formation of correspondingcarbonyl products as identified by 1H NMR measurement and other techniques. The effects of cationic(cetylpyridinium chloride, CPCl), anionic (sodium dodecylsulphate, NaDS) and nonionic surfactant(polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, TX-100) on reaction kinetics were studied. Moreover the catalyticeffect of surfactant in presence of three heteroaromatic nitrogen bases: 2-picolinic acid (2-PA), 2,20-bipyridyl (2,20-bipy) and 1,10-phenanthroline (1,10-phen) on the oxidation were also investigated. Thevalue of the rate constant in promoted and unpromoted reaction has been found to be higher in NaDSthan in TX-100 and CPCl micellar medium. Conductivity and tensiometry measurements were carried outto determine critical micellization concentration and free energy of micellization (DGm) of the usedsurfactant in presence of three pentanols. Among the different surfactant and promoter the combinationof 2,20-bipy and NaDS is efficient to exhibit1000 fold rate enhancement for oxidation of 1-pentanol andit is ‘selective’ over the rest of two pentanols oxidation.

Nonlinear vibrations of axially moving beams with multiple concentrated masses Part I: primary resonance

M. Sar gül,H. Boyaci 국제구조공학회 2010 Structural Engineering and Mechanics, An Int'l Jou Vol.36 No.2

Transverse vibrations of axially moving beams with multiple concentrated masses have been investigated. It is assumed that the beam is of Euler-Bernoulli type, and both ends of it have simply supports. Concentrated masses are equally distributed on the beam. This system is formulated mathematically and then sought to find out approximately solutions of the problem. Method of multiple scales has been used. It is assumed that axial velocity of the beam is harmonically varying around a mean-constant velocity. In case of primary resonance, an analytical solution is derived. Then, the effects of both magnitude and number of the concentrated masses on nonlinear vibrations are investigated numerically in detail.

그리스비극의 일본 초창기 수용 연구

김사량 ( Sar Yang Kim ) 한국공연문화학회(구 한국고전희곡학회) 2014 공연문화연구 Vol.0 No.28

에도막부(江戶幕府) 체제가 무너지고 메이지 신정부가 수립되자 일본은 ``탈아입구(脫亞入歐)``의 구호아래 서구화정책을 폈고, 그 결과 온갖 생활면에 있어서서구문화가 한꺼번에 일본으로 들어오게 됐다. 서양근대문화의 물결은 일본의전통문화나 극계에도 많은 변화를 가져왔는데, 즉 당시 여전히 민중의 오락물이었던 가부키(歌舞伎)의 낡은 풍습들(특히 엽기적이고, 선전적인 연출양식과 짙은관능묘사)을 일소하여 그것을 서양의 연극처럼 고상한 것으로 탈바꿈시키려고``연극개량회``가 발족하였고, 그 여파로 지식인과 극계 사람들을 중심으로 일련의연극개량운동이 일어나게 됐다. 연극개량운동 초기에는 가부키의 실질적인 개량보다도 정부 주도적인 개량론으로 인해 극장, 대소도구, 분장, 배우의 연기 등을 중심으로 시각적이고 피상적인 변화만을 보였으나, 그 반동으로 연극을 진지하게 개량하려는 각본개량 우선론과 함께 희곡이론에 대한 심충적인 탐구가 이루어지게 됐다. 그 과정에서 그리스비극과 아리스토텔레스의 비극론을 보다 정확하게 이입시키려는 노력들이이루어졌으며, 새로운 연극과 극작가에 대한 사회적 인식도 높아졌다. 이런 사회분위기 속에서 가와카미 오토지로(川上音二郞)는 자신의 새로운 작품을 위해 프랑스에서 직접 <오이디푸스 왕> 등의 대본을 입수하고 일본에서 처음으로 그리스비극의 번안공연을 올렸다. 그런 공연형태로 된 일차적인 그리스비극작품의이입은 나중에 게이주쓰자(芸術座)의 번역극 <오이디푸스 왕> 공연으로 이어졌다.결국 그리스비극의 일본 초창기 수용과정을 보면 처음에는 이론을 중심으로독일, 러시아 그리고 그리스의 전공자들과 그 나라들에서 귀국한 이론가들에 의해 이입되기 시작했고, 그 다음 주로 프랑스, 미국을 통해 상연의 형태가 들어오게 됐다. 이렇듯 그리스비극은 간단한 소개부터 시작해 비극론(아리스토텔레스『시학』), 번안공연, 극작술의 모티프 활용, 번역공연이라는 일련의 수용형태를거치면서 30년 남짓 사이에 많지는 않지만 이론과 공연이 차근차근 체계적으로들어왔다는 것을 알 수 있다. 그리스비극 일본 초창기 수용의 의의는 예컨대 진지하게 아리스토텔레스의『시학』개념을 이해하려고 했던 ``자이카논쟁(罪過論爭)``의 성과에서도 볼 수 있듯이, 근대연극이 시작되는 첫 단계에서 서양연극의 원전이라는 하나의 흔들리지 않는 기둥을 세워 이후의 연극발전에도 핵심적 역할을 했다는 데에 있을 것이다. As Edo period was ended and the Meiji government was formed, Japan launched westernization policy influenced by the idea of an intellectual, Yukichi Fukuzawa who wrote the influential an essay called ``Datsu-A Ron(Leaving Asia)``. As a result, Japan was dramatically changed in its internal politics, social structures and economy. Wind of modernized culture also changed Japanese traditional theater. Kabuki, the most popular entertainment at that time, was considered as a lascivious and pulp one by intellectuals and modernized theatrical people. Therefore its theatrical conventions were targeted to be changed to western style and as a result, theater reformation movement was occurred. Because theater reformation movement was lead by meiji government at first, primary stage of the movement focused on changes of visual and external aspects of theater such as stage, set, properties, costumes and acting. As a reflection of this atmosphere, drama reformation movement was commenced in order to carry out in-depth analysis of play scripts. During this movement, profound study of western playwright and drama was performed and as a result, new style of drama became liable to be accepted based on theatrical circle`s precise understanding of Greek tragedy and Aristotle`s poetic. Among this social atmosphere, Kawakami(川上音二郞) obtained play scripts of ``Oedipus, the King`` and other greek tragedy from France and first performed Greek tragedy in Japan. Adaptation of Greek tragedy continued to Geijyutsuza(芸術座)`s translation version of Oedipus. After all, when we look at the process of Greek Tragedy`s acceptance in Japan, it was first accepted academically by returned students from German, Russian and Greece, and then its forms of the stage performance were accepted through France and America. It must have played a key role in the subsequent development of japanese modern theatre.