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Differential effects of sodium channel blockers on in vitro induced epileptiform activities
Zsolt Ga´ ll,Ka´roly Orba´n-Kis,Tibor Szila´gyi 대한약학회 2017 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.40 No.1
Antiepileptic drugs act on voltage gated sodiumchannels in many different ways: rufinamide is thought toinfluence the fast inactivation, so its anticonvulsant actioncould be similar to carbamazepine, whereas lacosamideenhances the slow inactivation; however some antidepressantswere also described to act in the same way. Rufinamide,lacosamide, carbamazepine, fluoxetine andimipramine were tested using in vitro models of epileptiformactivities. Extracellular local field potentials were recordedusing hippocampal slices from immature rats and the patternof epileptiform activities was analyzed. Seizure-like events(SLE), but not interictal bursts were sensitive to AEDs’action. Rufinamide increased interictal periods by prolongingpreictal phase and reducing SLE duration, and was theonly tested AED which reduced SLE frequency. Lacosamide’seffect resembled that of fluoxetine in the low-Mg2?model: both drugs reduced markedly the SLE duration, butincreased their frequency. Imipramine and fluoxetine irreversiblysuppressed SLE in all slices. Some proconvulsivetype of action on SLEs such as increasing preictal neuronalactivity by rufinamide and increasing SLE frequency bylacosamide, fluoxetine and carbamazepine, were alsoobserved. Newer drugs were more efficient than carbamazepine,and the anticonvulsant action of antidepressantson in vitro epileptiform activities may seem somewhatsurprising.
Renner, Ká,roly,Henning, Sven,Mó,czó,, Já,nos,Yang, Min Soo,Choi, Hyoung Jin,Puká,nszky, Bé,la Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2007 Polymer engineering and science Vol.47 No.8
<P>Polyamide/organophilic montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared from two silicates with different organophilization resulting in strong and weak matrix/silicate adhesion, respectively; uncoated sodium montmorillonite was used as reference. The silicate content of the composites changed between 0 and 10 vol% in seven steps. Composite structure was characterized by X-ray diffraction and electron microscopy. Micromechanical deformation processes were followed by acoustic emission and volume strain measurements. The structure of the composites is more complicated than usually claimed; they contain individual silicate platelets, tactoids with different degree of intercalation, and larger particles. Elastic deformation and shear yielding dominates during the elongation of the specimens. The matrix polymer and the composites deform according to different mechanisms. Sound is emitted by cavitation in the former, while sound emitting processes are related tactoids and nonexfoliated particles in the composites. Acoustic events are generated mainly by the fracture of the particles. Matrix/silicate adhesion seems to be strong, debonding rarely takes place, and volume increase is initiated primarily by particle failure. The type and amount of the surfactant used for organophilization plays an important role in the determination of deformation processes and properties, since it influences both matrix/filler interaction and the inherent strength of the particles. POLYM. ENG. SCI., 47:1235–1245, 2007. © 2007 Society of Plastics Engineers</P>
Orosz, Erzsé,bet,Antal, Ká,roly,Gazdag, Zoltá,n,Szabó,, Zsuzsa,Han, Kap-Hoon,Yu, Jae-Hyuk,Pó,csi, Istvá,n,Emri, Tamá,s Hindawi 2017 International journal of genomics Vol.2017 No.-
<P>To better understand the molecular functions of the master stress-response regulator AtfA in <I>Aspergillus nidulans</I>, transcriptomic analyses of the <I>atfA</I> null mutant and the appropriate control strains exposed to menadione sodium bisulfite- (MSB-), <I>t</I>-butylhydroperoxide- and diamide-induced oxidative stresses were performed. Several elements of oxidative stress response were differentially expressed. Many of them, including the downregulation of the mitotic cell cycle, as the MSB stress-specific upregulation of FeS cluster assembly and the MSB stress-specific downregulation of nitrate reduction, tricarboxylic acid cycle, and ER to Golgi vesicle-mediated transport, showed AtfA dependence. To elucidate the potential global regulatory role of AtfA governing expression of a high number of genes with very versatile biological functions, we devised a model based on the comprehensive transcriptomic data. Our model suggests that an important function of AtfA is to modulate the transduction of stress signals. Although it may regulate directly only a limited number of genes, these include elements of the signaling network, for example, members of the two-component signal transduction systems. AtfA acts in a stress-specific manner, which may increase further the number and diversity of AtfA-dependent genes. Our model sheds light on the versatility of the physiological functions of AtfA and its orthologs in fungi.</P>
( Md Mahmudul Islam ),( Zahida Yesmin Roly ),( Young Sook Lee ),( Md Khalekuzzaman ) 한국육종학회 2014 Plant Breeding and Biotechnology Vol.2 No.1
Rice (Oryza sativa L.), as a cereal grain, is the most widely consumed staple food for a large part of the world`s human population especially in Asia. Three indica rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars namely BRRI dhan29, BRRI dhan56 and BRRI dhan57 were used in this study to investigate the regeneration ability in rice. Regeneration potential was found to be highest (80.00%) for BRRI dhan29 and lowest (70.00%) for BRRI dhan57. Consequently, the highly regenerating indica rice cultivar BRRI dhan29 was used for genetic transformation. Embryogenic calli induced after 20 days were used for genetic transformation in the experiment. Agrobacterium strain LBA4404 was transformed with pBI121 binary vector which contains kanamycin resistance gene as a selectable marker gene and GUS as a reporter gene. Calli infected with this strain were analyzed by using 5-bromo 4-chloro 3-indolyl- D glucuronide (X-gluc) as a substrate. Expression of gene was determined by using the transformed shoots and roots. Stable integration and expression of GUS gene were also confirmed by using PCR analysis. The frequency of transformation in terms of transient GUS assay was found to be 35.0 ± 2 S.E. This study will provide valuable information for genetic transformation in cereal crops.
Thermal expansion in FeCrCoNiGa high-entropy alloy from theory and experiment
Huang, Shuo,Vida, Á,dá,m,Li, Wei,Molná,r, Dá,vid,Kyun Kwon, Se,Holmströ,m, Erik,Varga, Bé,la,Ká,roly Varga, Lajos,Vitos, Levente American Institute of Physics 2017 Applied Physics Letters Vol.110 No.24