Emodin-induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer BCap-37 Cells through the Mitochondrial Signaling Pathway

Huang, Zhiwei,Chen, Guichen,Shi, Ping 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

Emodin, a natural anthraquinone compound isolated from the rhizome of rhubarb, is reported to suppress the growth of tumor in many clinical situations. In this study, we focused on the effect of emodin in human breast cancer BCap-37 cells and further understand the underlying molecular mechanism in treating breast cancer. Using MTT assay and flow cytometry, we demonstrated the critical role of emodin in the suppression of the proliferation of BCap-37 cells based on a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The increase of apoptotic rate was also observed after incubation of BCap-37 cells on emodin at $20\;{\mu}M$ and $50\;{\mu}M$ for 48h. The cells exhibited typical apoptotic features including cellular morphological change, chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing. The results of the study further showed that Bcl-2 level decreased, while Bax and cytosolic cytochrome c levels in sample cells increased after the emodin treatment by using Western blot. The decline in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the increase of cytosolic cytochrome c concentration were consistent with the increase of the apoptotic ratio. The results strongly suggest that the disruption of the mitochondrial signaling pathway was involved in emodin-induced apoptosis in BCap-37 cells.

Emodin-induced Apoptosis in Human Breast Cancer BCap-37 Cells through the Mitochondrial Signaling Pathway

Zhiwei Huang,Guichen Chen,Ping Shi 대한약학회 2008 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.31 No.6

Emodin, a natural anthraquinone compound isolated from the rhizome of rhubarb, is reported to suppress the growth of tumor in many clinical situations. In this study, we focused on the effect of emodin in human breast cancer BCap-37 cells and further understand the underlying molecular mechanism in treating breast cancer. Using MTT assay and flow cytometry, we demonstrated the critical role of emodin in the suppression of the proliferation of BCap-37 cells based on a concentration- and time-dependent manner. The increase of apoptotic rate was also observed after incubation of BCap-37 cells on emodin at 20 μM and 50 μM for 48 h. The cells exhibited typical apoptotic features including cellular morphological change, chromatin condensation and membrane blebbing. The results of the study further showed that Bcl-2 level decreased, while Bax and cytosolic cytochrome c levels in sample cells increased after the emodin treatment by using Western blot. The decline in the Bcl-2/Bax ratio and the increase of cytosolic cytochrome c concentration were consistent with the increase of the apoptotic ratio. The results strongly suggest that the disruption of the mitochondrial signaling pathway was involved in emodin-induced apoptosis in BCap-37 cells.

Modified Renshen Wumei Decoction Alleviates Intestinal Barrier Destruction in Rats with Diarrhea

( Zhiwei Guan ),( Qiong Zhao ),( Qinwan Huang ),( Zhonghe Zhao ),( Hongyun Zhou ),( Yuanyuan He ),( Shanshan Li ),( Shifang Wan ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2021 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.31 No.9

Modified Renshen Wumei decoction (MRWD), a famous traditional Chinese medicine, is widely used for treating persistent diarrhea. However, as the mechanism by which MRWD regulates diarrhea remains unknown, we examined the protective effects of MRWD on intestinal barrier integrity in a diarrhea model. In total, 48 male rats were randomly distributed to four treatment groups: the blank group (CK group), model group (MC group), Medilac-Vita group (MV group) and Chinese herb group (MRWD group). After a 21-day experiment, serum and colon samples were assessed. The diarrhea index, pathological examination findings and change in D-lactate and diamine oxidase (DAO) contents illustrated that the induction of diarrhea caused intestinal injury, which was ameliorated by MV and MRWD infusion. Metabolomics analysis identified several metabolites in the serum. Some critical metabolites, such as phosphoric acid, taurine, cortisone, leukotriene B4 and calcitriol, were found to be significantly elevated by MRWD infusion. Importantly, these differences correlated with mineral absorption and metabolism and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) pathways. Moreover, it significantly increased the expression levels of TLR4, MyD88 and p-NF-κB p65 proteins and the contents of IL-1 and TNF-α, while the expression levels of occludin, claudin-1 and ZO-1 proteins decreased. These deleterious effects were significantly alleviated by MV and MRWD infusion. Our findings indicate that MRWD infusion helps alleviate diarrhea, possibly by maintaining electrolyte homeostasis, improving the intestinal barrier integrity, and inhibiting the TLR4/NF-κB axis.

Compressive Properties of Electron Beam Melted Ti–6Al–4V Porous Meshes with Different Struts Distributions

Zhiwei Liu,Mingjing Qi,Xiaoyu Qin,Dawei Huang,Xiaoyong Zhang,Xiaojun Yan 대한금속·재료학회 2020 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.26 No.7

Structural collapse caused by uneven stress distribution is one of the main failure modes of Electron Beam Melted (EBM)Ti–6Al–4V porous meshes for medical bone implantation. In this paper, two types of porous meshes with different strutsdistributions are fabricated by EBM methods and experimentally studied through uniaxial compression tests. The first type(mesh 1) with simplified struts distribution consists of horizontal, vertical and diagonal struts, which are connected by onenode. The second type (mesh 2) has relatively complicated struts distribution with four structural nodes connected by vertical,horizontal and diagonal struts, and the inclined struts with an angle of 15° to the vertical or horizontal direction. Themechanical properties of solid Ti–6Al–4V alloy are also tested as reference for model-fitting analysis and the test resultsshow that the EBM specimen can achieve comparable tensile strength (1186.5 MPa) and elastic modulus (106.4 GPa) asthat of forging specimen. For the porous meshes, the deformation behavior of the struts along the load orientation is dominatedby buckling mechanism and the deformation behavior of the struts inclined to the load orientation is governed byboth buckling and bending mechanisms. The test results indicate that mesh 1 with relatively less inclined struts can achievebetter compressive resistance than mesh 2 when taking the factor of mesh density into consideration. Such results indicate asimple yet meaningful view that struts distributions of the porous meshes should be designed and optimized based on theirstress distribution conditions.

Valve Stiction Quantification Based on Riemannian Manifold

Bo Huang,Li-Sheng Hu,Yunhong Peng,Zhiwei You 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2023 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.21 No.1

With the modern industrial processes getting advanced and complicated, accurate evaluation for the status of valves in control loops has become increasing significant. Nevertheless, control valves often suffer from stiction nonlinearity, which may bring about the malfunction of control loops, eventually resulting in an unanticipated breakdown or unacceptable performance deterioration. Hence, the recent past two decades have also witnessed a huge growth on valve stiction detection strategies for industry process. However, to the best of author’s knowledge, the question of how to quantify further aspects of valve stiction remains unanswered. In particular, most of the existing stiction quantification methods share the same limitation that they may occasionally fail to realize the estimation for the slipjump characteristic of valve stiction, and may be ineffective for the cases in which sticky valves are applied in the cascade control loops. Considering these drawbacks, this paper puts forward a novel quantification method for valve stiction based on the exponential and logarithmic maps attached onto the Riemannian manifold. The key idea is to exploit the relationship between process variables and controller output which constitutes a specific shape (e.g., ellipsoid) on a Riemannian manifold. The method can be capable to deal with three typical stiction features, including deadband, stickband, and slipjump for single control loops and simple cascade loops. The case studies of simulated examples validate that the proposed method is a promising method for quantifying the valve stiction’s deadband plus stickband, and slipjump accurately.

Creep of stainless steel under heat flux cyclic loading (500-1000°C) with different mechanical preloads in a vacuum environment using 3D-DIC

Yong Su,Zhiwei Pan,Yongpei Peng,Shenghong Huang,Qingchuan Zhang 국제구조공학회 2019 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.24 No.6

In nuclear fusion reactors, the key structural component (i.e., the plasma-facing component) undergoes high heat flux cyclic loading. To ensure the safety of fusion reactors, an experimental study on the temperature-induced creep of stainless steel under heat flux cyclic loading was performed in the present work. The strains were measured using a stereo digital image correlation technique (3D-DIC). The influence of the heat haze was eliminated, owing to the use of a vacuum environment. The specimen underwent heat flux cycles (500°C-1000°C) with different mechanical preloads (0 kN, 10 kN, 30 kN, and 50 kN). The results revealed that, for a relatively large preload (for example, 50 kN), a single temperature cycle can induce a residual strain of up to 15000 

Ultra-Precision Diamond Turning Error Compensation via Iterative Learning from On-machine Measured Data

ZaoZao Chen,WeiWei Huang,ZhiWei Zhu,XinQuan Zhang,LiMin Zhu,XiangQian Jiang 한국정밀공학회 2023 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.24 No.12

In ultra-precision diamond turning, the reduction of machining form errors can generally be achieved through on-machine measurement and compensation. However, the efficiency of conventional compensation methods is often insufficient, particularly when high form accuracy is required or when intricate surface topography and microstructures need to be machined. Consequently, this research proposes a novel machining error compensation method based on iterative learning from on-machine measured data to enhance the machining accuracy and compensation efficiency. The on-machine measurement system and cutting path generation algorithm are introduced first. Then, the compensation method via iterative learning is presented theoretically, demonstrating a higher convergence order compared to the conventional method. Finally, machining experiments involving the cutting of cosine surfaces are conducted, followed by measurements of the processed workpieces. The experimental results indicate that after four rounds of compensation using the conventional method, the peak-to-valley (PV) value of the form error is reduced to 0.1134 μm. In contrast, employing the proposed method, a similar value of 0.1156 μmis achieved after only two rounds of compensation. This highlights the significant reduction in compensation time facilitated by the proposed method. Furthermore, the measurement results verify that the proposed compensation method maintains excellent surface quality.

Model-Free Adaptive Integral Backstepping Control for PMSM Drive Systems

Hongmei Li,Xinyu Li,Zhiwei Chen,Jingkui Mao,Jiandong Huang 전력전자학회 2019 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.19 No.5

A SMPMSM drive system is a typical nonlinear system with time-varying parameters and unmodeled dynamics. The speed outer loop and current inner loop control structures are coupled and coexist with various disturbances, which makes the speed control of SMPMSM drive systems challenging. First, an ultra-local model of a PMSM driving system is established online based on the algebraic estimation method of model-free control. Second, based on the backstepping control framework, modelfree adaptive integral backstepping (MF-AIB) control is proposed. This scheme is applied to the permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) drive system of an electric vehicle for the first time. The validity of the proposed control scheme is verified by system simulations and experimental results obtained from a SMPMSM drive system bench test.

Effect of Panax ginseng and Fructus Mume on Intestinal Barrier and Gut Microbiota in Rats with Diarrhea

Mengjie Zhao,Qiong Zhao,Zhiwei Guan,Qianwei Liu,Hongyun Zhou,Qinwan Huang,Bixiu Huo 한국식품영양과학회 2023 Journal of medicinal food Vol.26 No.3

Panax ginseng and Fructus mume (Renshen Wumei in Chinese, RW) are natural medicines with high nutritional and pharmacological value. They have been widely used together in China to treat gastrointestinal diseases, especially persistent diarrhea, but the potential mechanisms remain elusive. In this study, a diarrhea model was established in rats using a 30% aqueous extract of senna. The therapeutic effects of RW were evaluated by recording the prevalence of loose stools, the diarrhea index, and histopathological changes in colon tissue. The levels of mucins, tight junction (TJ) proteins, inflammatory cytokines, and phosphoinositide 3-kinase/Akt/nuclear factor-κB (PI3K/Akt/NF-κB) signaling pathway proteins were measured. Metagenomic sequencing was used to analyze the gut microbiota. Treatment with RW alleviated injury to the intestinal barrier in rats with diarrhea and also upregulated levels of Muc2 and TJ proteins, such as occludin, zonula occludens-1, and claudin-1. Administration of RW regulated the structure of the gut microbiota in diarrheal rats. Furthermore, RW suppressed levels of interleukin (IL), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1, PI3K, Akt, and p-NF-κB p65 and also increased IL-4 levels. Our study indicates that P. ginseng and Fructus mume help improve the symptoms of diarrhea, possibly by alleviating the intestinal barrier injury, regulating intestinal flora composition, and inhibiting the PI3K/Akt/NF-κB signaling pathway.

Electrospun non-leaching biocombatible antimicrobial cellulose acetate nanofibrous mats

Rong Li,Xuehong Ren,Qianyuan Jiang,Zhiwei Xie,Tung-Shi Huang 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.27 No.-

In this study cellulose acetate (CA) was modified with 4,40-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI, an Nhalamineprecursor) in solution to form chemical bonds between CA and MDI to avoid the potentialrelease of biocides from CA. Nanofibers were obtained by electrospinning the CA–MDI solution. Theobtained CA–MDI nanofibers were characterized by FT-IR, SEM, TGA and DSC. TGA and DSC dataindicated that the CA–MDI nanofibers before and after chlorination had good thermal stability comparedwith CA nanofibers. 58% of active chlorine was lost after 2 h of UVA irradiation, and most of the activechlorine was lost after 4 h of UVA irradiation. However, about 85% of the chlorine could be regeneratedby rechlorination after 24 h of UVA irradiation. The active chlorine of the chlorinated nanofibers releasedslowly in water. The chlorinated CA–MDI nanofibers showed excellent antimicrobial properties againstEscherichia coli O157:H7 and Staphylococcus aureus within brief contact times. Also, the chlorinated CA–MDI nanofibers showed good biocompatibility.