양질 조사료의 보충과 황토의 첨가수준이 한우의 성장성적, 육질 등급 및 경제성에 미치는 영향

홍중산,이홍구,이보균,김준식,최윤재,김윤학,김명국 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.1

본 연구는 6개월령의 한우 36두를 이용하여 양질 조사료의 보충(rice straw;RT, rice straw+cubed roughage;RCT)과 황토의 첨가수준(0%, 1%, 2% 황토)이 생산성, 육질 및 경제적 효과에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 실시하였다. 실험기간동안 볏짚에 양질 조사료의 보충 (cubed roughage, RCT)은 볏짚단독 처리(RT)에 비하여 일당증체, 사료효율 및 출하체중에서 각각 10%, 6.8%, 8.2%로서 유의적으로 증가되었으나(P<0.05), 황토의 첨가는 한우의 성장성적에 뚜렷한 효과는 없는 것으로 나타났고, 2%의 첨가수준은 오히려 감소되는 경향을 보였다. 육질 및 경제성 분석에서는 RCT구는 뚜렷한 개선효과를 보였지만, RT구에서는 황토 1%에서만 첨가 효과가 있는 것으로 나타났다. RCT구에서는 1%, 2% 모두가 0%에 비하여 보다 개선된 결과를 나타내었다. 이와 같은 결과들은 한우 비육에 있어서 황토의 첨가는 성장성적에는 뚜렷한 효과가 나타나지 않았지만 육질과 경제적 효과에서는 1%의 첨가는 개선효과가 있는 것으로 사료되며, 고급육 생산을 위한 황토의 첨가시에는 양질의 조사료 보충이 경제적 효과성을 더욱 향상시킬 것으로 사료된다. This study was conducted to estimate the effects of high quality cubed roughage and red clay (0%, 1%, 2%) on growth performance, meat quality and economical benefits. Thirty-six 6 month-old Korean native cattle, averaging 156㎏ of BW, were assigned to six groups in a 2 (rice straw : RT, rice straw+cubed roughage : RCT)× 3 (0, 1, 2% red clay). During experimental period, the high quality cubed roughage added into rice straw treatment (RCT) was superior to the only rice straw treatment (RT) on daily gain and feed efficiency and final weight 10%, 6.8%, 8.2% (P<0.05) respectively. But the addition of red clay did not affect and even 2% addition decreased those parameters. For meat quality and economical analysis, the addition of high quality cubed roughage made an outstanding result and for RT treatment, only 1% red clay indicated good effects while both 1% and 2% red clay were better than 0% for RCT treatment. From these results, it is assumed that the addition of red clay for fattening Korean native cattle has no effects on growth performance but 1% treatment has good results on improving meat quality and economical benefits. It also suggests that the combination high quality roughage and concentrated red clay is beneficial for producing high quality meat in with economical benefits.

홀스타인 수소에 있어서 Chromium Picolinate 의 첨가가 성장성적, 혈액성상 및 도체품질에 미치는 영향

홍중산,김명국,김윤학,한승은,이홍구,이현준,최윤재 한국동물자원과학회 2002 한국축산학회지 Vol.44 No.4

본 시험은 성장단계별로 서로 다른 수준의 CrP를 첨가하여 성장성적, 혈액성상 및 도체품질에 미치는 영향을 규명하고자 실시하였다. 시험 Ⅰ에서 일당증체, 일당건물섭취량 및 사료효율에는 유의적인 차이가 없었다(p<0.05). 혈액성상에서 혈장 Glucose와 PUN의 농도에는 영향이 없었지만 혈중 인슐린의 농도는 0.05% CrP첨가구가 대조구의 2배되는 1.47ng/㎖ 인데 반하여 혈중 NEFA의 농도는 59.00 mEq/㎗ 로 유의적으로 낮게 나타났다(P<0.05). 이는 인슐린이 농도의 증가 및 인슐린의 활성의 증가로 인하여 지방합성대사가 활발히 진행된 결과로 사료된다. 이러한 결과를 도체분석결과가 뒷받침 해주고 있는데 비록 통계적인 유의차는 없지만 0.05% CrP 첨가구에서는 첫 60일간, 0.025% CrP 첨가구에서는 첫 120일간 대조구보다 우수한 성적을 나타냈다. 혈장 Glucose와 PUN의 농도에는 영향이 없었다. 통계적인 유의차는 없었지만 혈 중 인슐린의 농도는 0.025% CrP 첨가구는 대조구보다 8.88% 높은 1.35ng/㎖로 나타났고 0.05% CrP 첨가구는 오히려 1.13ng/㎖로 대조구보다 낮게 나타났다. NEFA의 농도는 시험 Ⅰ에서와 같은 차이는 없었지만 CrP 첨가수준이 증가할수록 감소하는 추세를 나타냈고 등지방두께는 일정한 변화추세를 보이지 않았다. We conducted two experiments to evaluate the effects of chromium picolinate(CrP) on growth performance, carcass characteristics and plasma components in Holstein bulls. In trial Ⅰ, eight finishing Holstein bulls(300±6.99㎏) were allocated to 2 treatments(control and 0.05% CrP) with 4 replication for 10-months. In results, growth performance was not affected by CrP addition. The plasma insulin concentration in 0.05% CrP group was about 2 times higher than the control group of Holstein bulls. The levels of plasma NEFA were significantly decreased to 59.00 mEq/㎗ with 0.05% CrP treatment(P<0.05), but the levels of plasma glucose and PUN were not altered by 0.05% CrP treatment. The grade of carcass was not different between control and 0.05% CrP group, but back fat thickness in 0.05%, CrP group was increased in 22.33% compared with control group. In trial 2, fifteen growing-finishing Holstein bulls(160±4.63㎏) were allocated to 3 treatments(control, 0.025% CrP and 0.05% CrP) with 5 replication for 14-months. During the overall experimental period, growth performance was not affected by CrP levels. The levels of hormone and metabolites were not affected by CrP supplementation. The carcass characteristics were not different between control and treatment. These results show that the CrP may have no effects for beef cattle production because of degradation of CrP conjugation in the rumen. However treatment of short term provide a possibility the effects of development for lipogenesis.

알코올 발효사료 급여가 한우의 육성성적 및 혈액의 생리적 변화에 미치는 영향

임광철,김창혁,오상집,성경일,김현숙,김종복,홍병주,신종서 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.6

본 실험은 알코올 발효사료(alcohol 함량; 3.0∼3.2%, lactate 함량; 3.0∼3.5%) 처리가 한우 반추위내 혈액성분 및 비육능력에 미치는 영향을 검토하기 위하여 한우에 비지박 알코올 발효사료(Alcohol-fermented soybean curd dreg : AFS) 및 맥주박 알코올 발효사료(alcohol fermented brewery grain's : AFB)를 급여하여 평균체중이 329㎏인 한우 거세우 13두와 평균체중이 337㎏인 한우 비거세우 20두를 공시하여 증체량, 사료섭취량, 혈액성분, 혈중 알코올 함량을 측정하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 거세우에서 비육전기의 일당증체량 및 사료효율은 알코올 발효사료 급여구들이 대조구에 비해 개선되는 경향을 보였으며, 비육후기의 일당증체량은 처리에 따른 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으며, 비육후기의 사료효율은 알코올 발효사료 급여구가 개선되는 경향을 보였다. 비거세우에서 일당증체량 및 사료효율은 알코올 발효사료 급여로 개선되는 경향을 보였으나 유의성은 나타나지 않았으며, 비육 후기에는 개선효과가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 혈중 알코올 농도는 알코올 발효사료 급여구가 시험사료 급여 2시간 후에 유의적으로 높게 나타났으나(p<0.05), 사료급여 4시간째에는 급여전의 수준으로 낮아졌다. BUN 농도는 거세우가 비거세우에 비해 높았으며(14.3 vs 10.97 ㎎/㎗, p<0.05), 혈중 creatinine 농도는 거세우가 비거세우보다 낮았다(1.39 vs 1.49㎎/㎗, p<0.05). 혈중 cholesterol 농도는 전체적으로 체중이 증가함에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났고, 혈중 glucose 농도는 알코올 발효사료 급여로 비거세우에서는 감소하는 경향을 보인 반면 거세우에서는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 혈중 IP 농도는 알코올 발효사료 급여로 거세우 및 비거세우 모두 증가되었다.(p<0.05). This study was conducted to know the feeding effects of alcohol-fermented feedstuffs (alcohol concentration: 3.0∼3.2 %, lactate: 3.0∼3.5%) on the blood metabolites and fattening ability. Alcohol-fermented soybean curd dreg (AFS) and alcohol fermented brewery grain (AFB) were fed to 13 Korean steers (average body weight, 329㎏) and 20 Korean bulls (average 337㎏ B.W), and body weight gain, feed conversion rate, blood metabolites and blood alcohol concentration were analyzed. The feed conversion rates of steers at both fattening and finishing period were improved by feeding alcohol-fermented feedstuffs. However, improvement of daily body weight gain was observed only at fattening period. In bulls, body weight gains and feed conversion rate were also improved at fattening period (but not at finishing period) by feeding of alcohol-fermented feedstuffs, although a statistical significance was not detected. Blood alcohol concentrations of AFS and AFB group were significantly increased (p<0.05) at 2 hours after feeding, but dropped to the initial level at 4 hours after feeding. Blood urea nitrogen(BUN) concentrations of steers were higher than those of bulls (14.3 vs 10.97 ㎎/㎗), but creatinine was lower in steers than in bulls (1.39 vs 1.49㎎/㎗). Blood cholesterol concentration was generally proportional to the increment of body weight. While the blood glucose content was decreased in bulls by feeding alcohol-feedstuffs, it was increased in steers. Blood inorganic phosphorus(IP) level was increased in both steers and bulls.

신 혈관성 고혈압증의 치험 1예

권태영,홍성화,주흥재 대한혈관외과학회 1986 Vascular Specialist International Vol.2 No.1

Renovascular hypertension is surgically correctable hypertension. Recent advances in diagnostic techniques and vascular reconstructive techniques now enable successful management in many patients with renovascular hypertenaion. We observed one case of renovascular hypertension due to left renal arterial stenosis in 21 year old male patient with chief complaints of severe occipital headache and decreased visual acuity for 3 years. The treatment was done by left aortorenal bypass procedure with Gore-Tex and good result was obtained. Herein we reported a case of renovascular hypertension with a review of the literatures.

방사성 면역측정상의 혈청 FSH와 LH에 관한 일차성 무월경증 환자의 진단적 고찰

유형식,이종태,박창윤,유경자,홍인수,김귀언 대한핵의학회 1980 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.14 No.1

일차성 무월경증을 주소로 하는 환자 16명을 대상으로 혈청 FSH와 LH의 단독측정치와 최종 진단과의 관계 그리고 차후검사로는 어떤 검사가 필요한지를 조사하였던 바 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1) 혈청 FSH와 LH가 모두 증가된 경우는 5명으로 모두 난소의 일차적 병변블 보였으며 효과적 차후검사로는 구강점막 도말검사, 염색체검사, 복강경검사 및 부인과계검사 등이 필요하였다. 2) 혈청 FSH와 LH가 모두 정상인 경우는 9명으로 이중 4명은 말단 장기 즉 자궁이나 경부의 발생이상을 보였으며 5명은 원인이 불분명한 경우로 차후검사로는 환자내진, 복강경검사, 부인과계검사 및 자궁난관조영술이 필요하였다. 3) 혈청 FSH가 감소되고 LH가 정상 또는 감소를 보인 경우는 2명으로 1명은 FSH단독결핍을 보였으며 1명은 원인이 불분명한 경우로 효과적인 차후 검사로는 뇌하수체분비능검사와 두부 X-선 검사 및 LH-RH 자극시험이 필요하였다. 또한 일차성 무월경증 환자에 있어서 방사성면역측정을 이용한 혈청 FSH와 LH의 단독측정치로는 어떤 특정 원인을 진단할 수는 없었으나 주된 병변을 의심할 수는 있었고 또한 확진하기 위한 차후검사의 선택을 효과적이고 유용하게 함으로 단독측정치의 유용성이 있음을 알 수 있었다. The usefulness of single, random measurements of serum FSH and LH in the diagnosis of Primary amenorrhea by radioimnnunoassay was investigated. The 16 patients were divided into 3 groups by the level of serum FSH and LH. The first group with increased level of serum FSH and LH is five patients, all of these are related to the acquired or congenital abnormality of the ovary. Further studies indicated include buccal smear, chromosome analysis, gynecography and laparosocopy. The second group with normal serum FSH and LH is nine patients, four patients of these are related to the developmental anomaly of the Mullerian duct and five patients are undetermined origin. Further studies indicated include laparoscopy and gynecography. The third group with decreased serum FSH and normal or decreased serum LH is two patients, one of these is related to the pituitary function, isolated FSH deficiency, the other is undetermined origin. Further studies indicated include the pituitary function test, LH-RH stimulation test, skull radiography. Determination of serum FSH and LH levels does not permit a specific etiologic diagnosis of primary amenorrhea. However the serum levels of FSH and LH can be used to differentiate the principal area of the investigation and can be of assistance in choosing more specific testing procedures. $quot;

사료첨가제로서 황토와 올리고당이 홀스타인 어린송아지의 성장 및 항병력에 미치는 영향

김준식,최윤재,이보균,김명국,홍중산,김윤학,이홍구 한국동물자원과학회 2001 한국축산학회지 Vol.43 No.4

This experiment was conducted to study effects of loess and a form of oligosaccharide (glucosamine-D) as feed additives for 4 days to 2 month-old Holstein calves on the disease resistance and the growth rate. The total weight gains(WG) of test group given 0.04% glucosamine-D and 3% loess as additives were 43.6㎏ and 37.2㎏, respectively, which were 10.1㎏ and 3.6㎏ higher weight gains compared to control group(33.5㎏). The potential influence of loess and glucosamine-D treatment on the distribution of various leukocyte cell types in the serum of test group was tested using flow cytometic method. CD4 antigen positive cells(i.e., T helper cell) were highest in test group feeding 0.04% glucosamine-D, white class II MHC-positive cell type(antigen presenting cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells) was lowest in 6% loess-feeding group. These results suggest that 3% loess and glucosamin-D were more effective as feed additives for 4 days to 2 month-old Holstein calves to increase the disease resistance and the growth rate than those of any other treatments.

Time, Dose, and Volume Responses in a Mouse Pulmonary Injury Model Following Ablative Irradiation

Hong, Z. Y.,Lee, C. G.,Shim, H. S.,Lee, E. J.,Song, K. H.,Choi, B. W.,Cho, J.,Story, M. D. SPRINGER VERLAG KG 2016 Lung Vol.194 No.1

<P>Purpose We aimed to determine the time, dose, and volume responses in a mouse pulmonary injury model following ablative dose focal irradiation (ADFIR) in order to better understand normal lung injury. Methods and MaterialsADFIR was administered to the left lung of mice using a small animal micro-irradiator. Histopathological evaluation and micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) analyses were performed at 1, 2, 6, and 12 weeks after irradiation. Dose responses were tested at doses of 0-90 Gy in C57BL/6 and C3H/HeJCr mice at 6 weeks after irradiation. The volume effect was evaluated with 1-, 3-, and 5-mm diameter collimators at 1-4 weeks after 90-Gy irradiation. ResultsADFIR caused gross local lung injury of the inflated lung in just 1 week, with extensive hyaline material visible in the irradiated area. The fibrosing process was initiated as early as 2 weeks after irradiation. C3H and C57 mice did not show significant differences in dose response. Six weeks after irradiation, the radiation dose-response curve had a sigmoidal shape, where the lag, log, and stationary phases occurred at < 40, 50-70, and > 80 Gy, respectively. ADFIR induced substantial volume-dependent structural and functional damage to the lungs, and the volume changes of lung consolidation on micro-CT correlated inversely with lung fibrosis over time. ConclusionsWe determined the time, dose, and volume responses in our established small animal model, and found that lung injury was substantially accelerated and phenotypically different from that of prior studies using non-ablative hemi-thorax and complete thorax irradiation schemes.</P>

A Preclinical Rodent Model of Acute Radiation-Induced Lung Injury after Ablative Focal Irradiation Reflecting Clinical Stereotactic Body Radiotherapy

Hong, Z.-Y.,Lee, H.-J.,Choi, W.H.,Lee, Y.-J.,Eun, S.H.,Lee, J.I.,Park, K.,Lee, J.M.,Cho, J. Radiation Research Society. 2014 Radiation research Vol.182 No.1

Effects of Supplementing Brown Seaweed By-products in the Diet of Holstein Cows during Transition on Ruminal Fermentation, Growth Performance and Endocrine Responses

Hong, Z.S.,Kim, E.J.,Jin, Y.C.,Lee, J.S.,Choi, Y.J.,Lee, H.G. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.9

This study was conducted to examine the effects of supplementing brown seaweed by-products (BSB) in the diet of ruminants on ruminal fermentation characteristics, growth performance, endocrine response, and milk production in Holstein cows. In Experiment 1, the effects of different levels (0%, 2%, and 4% of basal diet as Control, 2% BSB, 4% BSB, respectively) of BSB were evaluated at 3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h in vitro batch culture rumen fermentation. The pH tended to be higher for the higher level of BSB supplementation, with the pH at 12 h being significantly higher (p<0.05) than that of the control. The concentration of ammonia nitrogen was lower at 3, 9, 12, and 24 h incubation (p<0.05) compared with the control, and tended to be low at other incubation times. Volatile fatty acid concentration appeared to be minimally changed while lower values were observed with 4% BSB treatment at 24 h (p<0.05). In Experiment 2, effects of levels (0%, 2%, and 4%) of BSB on growth performance, endocrine responses and milk production were studied with Holstein dairy cows during transition. Dry matter intake, daily gain and feed efficiency were not affected by BSB supplementation. The concentration of plasma estrogen for the control, 2% BSB and 4% BSB after three months of pregnancy were 55.7, 94.1, and 72.3 pg/mL, respectively (p = 0.08). Although the differences of progesterone levels between BSB treatments and the control were minimal, the concentration in 4% BSB treatment increased to 157.7% compared with the initial level of the study. Triiodothyronine and thyroxine levels were also higher after both three months and eight months of pregnancy than the initial level at the beginning of the study. In addition, BSB treatments during one month after delivery did not affect daily milk yield and composition. In conclusion, the present results indicate that supplementation of BSB did not compromise ruminal fermentation, and animal performance at lower levels and hence may have potential to be used as a safe feed ingredient in dairy cows.

The recent investigation and engineering application of YBCO bulk materials

Hong, Z,Jiang, Y,Viznichenko, R V,Coombs, T A The Korean Society of Superconductivity and Cryoge 2008 한국초전도저온공학회논문지 Vol.10 No.2

The application of bulk superconducting materials to electrical power systems is very attractive because bulk high temperature superconductors offer excellent electromagnetic properties. In recent years there has been significant progresses in the research and fabrication of superconducting bulk materials. Numerous efforts have been made worldwide to make bulk YBCO as a replacement of the conventional magnets to produce larger magnetic field and hence to improve the device performance in electrical power applications. This paper gives a comprehensive review of different applications of bulk HTS materials, concentrating in three areas including superconducting bearing, superconducting motors and high field magnets. The advantages of applying superconducting material into each application are analysed. The status of current research in each section is summarized and examples are given to demonstrate how YBCO bulk materials can benefit the design of electrical devices. Several numerical models which calculate the electromagnetic properties of bulk superconductors are introduced and finally the article concludes with a review on the studies of the demagnetisation effect in superconducting bulk magnets which is extremely relevant to applying superconducting technology to rotating machines.