The small welfare states: rethinking welfare in the US, Japan, and South Korea

Yusun Cho 한국행정학회 2021 International Review of Public Administration Vol.26 No.3

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기대불일치이론을 적용한 중앙정부 국정업무와 정책수행에 대한 국민만족도 결정요인 : 긍정적ㆍ부정적 불일치의 비대칭적 영향력을 바탕으로

조유선 ( Yusun Cho ),최흥석 ( Heungsuk Choi ),이규명 ( Kyu Myoung Lee ) 한국행정연구원 2021 韓國行政硏究 Vol.30 No.2

기대불일치모형은 그동안 공공서비스의 시민만족 결정요인에 관한 연구들에 꾸준히 적용되어왔음에도 불구하고, 중앙정부의 국정업무 수행 전반 및 개별 거시정책 영역들에 대한 만족도에는 적용되지 않았다는 아쉬움이 있었다. 이에 본 연구에서는 2019년에 실시한 정부정책에 대한 국민만족도 설문조사를 바탕으로, 정부 출범 당시 기대와 현재의 성과평가 및 그들 간의 불일치 정도가 만족도에 미치는 영향을 기대불일치모형을 통해 실증 분석함으로써 정부에 대한 대국민만족도 결정요인을 확인하였다. 특히 부정적 기대불일치에 따라서 만족도가 크게 좌우될 수 있음을 밝힘으로써 국민들의 기대감과 성과의 불일치에 대한 정부의 체계적 관리가 필요함을 제시하였다. 또한 본 연구는 중앙 정부의 정책을 11개 정책영역으로 나누어 개별 정책영역에 대하여 기대불일치모형을 적용하여 정책별 만족도 형성과정의 차이를 분석하고자 하였다. 분석 결과, 경제정책의 경우에는 다른 정책 영역보다 부정적 불일치와 긍정적 불일치의 영향력 차이가 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 복지정책과 외교 및 국방정책의 경우에는 만족도에 대한 성과의 직접효과보다 기대불일치를 통한 간접효과가 큰 것으로 나타나 각 개별 정책분야의 특성별로 만족도의 결정과정에 대한 추가적인 연구가 필요함을 시사한다. This study aims to investigate the effect of expectancy disconfirmation on citizen satisfaction with the central government performance. Despite its importance, expectancy-disconfirmation theory has not widely adopted to explain the satisfaction formation process of the central government performance and macro policies. Through path analysis of the 2019 survey on the citizen satisfaction with the central government performance in South Korea, this research found that the positive expectancy disconfirmation and the citizen’s perception on the government performance had positive influences on satisfaction level, while expectancy had a limited direct effect. Furthermore, this study tested the asymmetric effects between positive and negative disconfirmation on satisfaction, The results showed that the negative disconfirmation between expectation and perceived performance had a greater impact on satisfaction than the positive disconfirmation. The interesting finding was that economic policy was the policy area where the negative disconfirmation had a greater impact on satisfaction among the other 10 policy areas.

성역할에 대한 여성의 태도와 사회적 규범이 출산에 미치는 영향 분석

조유선(Yusun Cho),문아람(Ahram Moon),송아영(Ahyoung Song) 비판과 대안을 위한 사회복지학회 2020 비판사회정책 Vol.- No.66

본 연구는 성평등주의적 관점에 근거하여 여성 개인의 성역할 태도와 성역할에 대한 사회적 규범이 출산결정에 미치는 영향을 분석하고자 하였다. International Social Survey Programme의 2012년 자료를 바탕으로 저출산 문제를 겪고 있는 26개국을 대상으로 경제활동 참여에 대한 성평등성과 양육역할에 대한 성평등성이 출산결정에 미치는 영향을 포아송회귀모형(poisson regression)을 통해 분석하였다. 분석 결과, 여성 개인의 성역할 태도보다는 사회적 규범이 자녀의 수에 더 큰 영향을 미칠 수 있음이 나타났다. 특히 경제활동참여에 대한 성평등성은 높지만 양육에 대한 성평등성은 낮은 사회적 규범일수록 자녀의 수에 크게 부정적인 영향을 미치게 됨을 확인할 수 있었다. 즉, 사회적으로 여성에게 경제활동의 참여를 적극적으로 권장하지만, 여전히 양육은 여성의 책임이라고 생각하는 경우에 저출산의 문제가 발생할 확률이 높은 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 저출산의 문제는 여성 개인의 선택이 아니라 사회적으로 일과 가정에서 이중적인 성평등주의적 관점이 적용됨에 따라 발생할 수 있음을 확인하였으며 저출산 현상에 대응하는 정책적 함의를 도출하였다. Women’s preference is significant for explaining fertility behavior, but women’s fertility decision is determined within the contexts of social norms on gender roles in a society where she lives. This research aims to investigate how women’s attitudes and social norms toward gender roles affect fertility behavior collectively by using the International Social Survey Programme 2012 in 26 OECD low fertility countries. We make gender role attitude indices for two different roles; instrumental roles measuring gender equity in economic activity participation and nurturant roles measuring gender equity in family. Empirical results indicate that women who possess contradictory gender role attitudes(e.g. egalitarian regarding instrumental roles but traditional regarding nurturant roles) are most likely to have fewer children. Similar results are found in terms of social norms on gender roles, and the effects of social norms have larger impacts than individual attitudes. The results suggest that the dynamics and variety of individual attitudes and social norms should be taken into account in fertility research.

ASSESSMENT OF CONDENSATION HEAT TRANSFER MODEL TO EVALUATE PERFORMANCE OF THE PASSIVE AUXILIARY FEEDWATER SYSTEM

Cho, Yun-Je,Kim, Seok,Bae, Byoung-Uhn,Park, Yusun,Kang, Kyoung-Ho,Yun, Byong-Jo Korean Nuclear Society 2013 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.45 No.6

As passive safety features for nuclear power plants receive increasing attention, various studies have been conducted to develop safety systems for 3rd-generation (GEN-III) nuclear power plants that are driven by passive systems. The Passive Auxiliary Feedwater System (PAFS) is one of several passive safety systems being designed for the Advanced Power Reactor Plus (APR+), and extensive studies are being conducted to complete its design and to verify its feasibility. Because the PAFS removes decay heat from the reactor core under transient and accident conditions, it is necessary to evaluate the heat removal capability of the PAFS under hypothetical accident conditions. The heat removal capability of the PAFS is strongly dependent on the heat transfer at the condensate tube in Passive Condensation Heat Exchanger (PCHX). To evaluate the model of heat transfer coefficient for condensation, the Multi-dimensional Analysis of Reactor Safety (MARS) code is used to simulate the experimental results from PAFS Condensing Heat Removal Assessment Loop (PASCAL). The Shah model, a default model for condensation heat transfer coefficient in the MARS code, under-predicts the experimental data from the PASCAL. To improve the calculation result, The Thome model and the new version of the Shah model are implemented and compared with the experimental data.

On the Use of Prediction Strategy in Korean EFL Learners’ Reading Comprehension

Suhee Cho,Yusun Kang 한국응용언어학회 2019 응용 언어학 Vol.35 No.1

Despite the widespread understanding about the facilitative role of strategy use in reading comprehension, there has been little research evidence regarding the potential contribution of the readers’ actual performance on a specific strategy, especially prediction strategies, to their reading comprehension. Moreover, although second/foreign language readers’ strategy use may be related to their reading abilities and language proficiency in the target language, not many studies have controlled for such effects in identifying the relationship between strategy uses and reading comprehension. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the relationship between the Korean middle school EFL learners’ actual use of prediction strategy and their reading comprehension. Furthermore, it examines whether such relationships may differ as a function of their English reading abilities and proficiency. One hundred thirty three Korean EFL middle school readers’ performance on the tests of English reading comprehension, prediction abilities, vocabulary and oral comprehension abilities was analyzed. The findings not only demonstrated the positive relations prediction strategy has with reading comprehension, but also identified different predictive roles it plays in the reading comprehension of good versus poor readers.

The association of childhood polyvictimization with physical and mental health status in early adulthood

Song Ahyoung,Cho Yusun 한국사회복지학회 2021 Asian Social Work and Policy Review Vol.15 No.2

This study aimed to explore the association between the experience of polyvictimization in childhood and physical/mental health during early adulthood (between the ages of 18–39). Retrospective cross-sectional data from 406 respondents aged 18–39 were selected from the 2012 Korean General Social Survey. Following standards set in previous studies, polyvictimization is defined in this study as experiencing five or more types of violence. The outcomes of this study included self-rated health, depression, and suicidal ideation. The results indicated that 8.37% (n = 34) of the total respondents were polyvictimized. This study found that all health-related outcomes in adulthood were significantly associated with polyvictimization in childhood, and women who experienced polyvictimization in childhood faced greater the risk of suicidal ideation and depression than men. In conclusion, this study suggests the importance of taking into account the lasting association of childhood polyvictimization with health into adulthood. Practical implications for social work and suggestions for future studies are described.

Clinical application of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation in stroke rehabilitation

Shin, Joonho,Yang, EunJoo,Cho, KyeHee,Barcenas, Carmelo L,Kim, Woo Jin,Min, Yusun,Paik, Nam-Jong Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2012 Neural regeneration research Vol.7 No.8

<P>Proper stimulation to affected cerebral hemisphere would promote the functional recovery of patients with stroke. Effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation on cortical excitability can be can be altered by the stimulation frequency, intensity and duration. There has been no consistent recognition regarding the best stimulation frequency and intensity. This study reviews the intervention effects of repetitive transcranial stimulation on motor impairment, dysphagia, visuospatial neglect and aphasia, and summarizes the stimulation frequency, intensity and area for repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation to yield the best therapeutic effects.</P>

Intercontinental Bilateral Teleoperation Applied to Remote Elbow Assessment of Patients Post Stroke

Jonghyun Kim,Minki Shin,Yusun Min,Kyujin Cho,Nam-Jong Paik,Hyung-Soon Park 제어로봇시스템학회 2013 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2013 No.10

사회통합을 위한 공공갈등관리제도 개선방향에 관한 연구

채종헌 ( Chae Jong Hun ),김세진 ( Kim Sejin ),조유선 ( Cho Yusun ),이효주 ( Lee Hyo Joo ),김학린 한국행정연구원 2023 기본연구과제 Vol.2023 No.0

과학기술인력의 연구 환경 진단과 대응

홍성민(Seong-Min Hong),성경모(Kyung-Mo Sung),박기범(Kibeom Park),조가원(Ka-won Cho),엄미정(Mi-Jung Um),손경현(Kyoung-hyun Son),오진숙(Jinsook Oh),정미나(Mina Jung),김소영(Soyoung Kim),김유선(Yusun Kim) 과학기술정책연구원 2016 정책연구 Vol.- No.-

In this study, systematic comprehensive diagnosis of the micro-research environment faced by researchers of government-funded research institutes was conducted. For this purpose, we constructed a research environment analysis framework for creating superior research results and conducted quantitative and qualitative analysis through questionnaires and interview surveys. Based on the results of questionnaires conducted on 548 researchers who work in 26 government-funded research institutes in science and technology fields, the analysis of the influential factors on quantitative and qualitative research results was analyzed using OLS and ordered logit model. And we conducted a semantic network analysis on the results of the interviews conducted on the researchers working in three types of technical fields such as basic, public and industrial technology. The main results of the study are as follows. First, when pursuing quantitative achievements such as papers and patents, the existence of a research team who will continue to study core research topics is a key factor. Second, in order to create representative performance such as researcher growth and creative ideas among the representative achievements that are recognized to reflect excellent performance in quality, it was important to increase the R & D process and support level among research environment factors. Third, variables such as research autonomy and research commitment do not largely affect the evaluation of representative performance reflecting qualitative performance as well as quantitative research performance, so additional in-depth analysis is needed. Fourth, it can be interpreted that the level of operation or the human resources management in the government-funded research institutes is not able to mobilize the researchers or obstruct the researchers in the direction of giving excellent research results. Based on the results of this analysis, the main policy directions for improving the research environment are as follows. First, based on detailed comprehensive diagnosis, it is necessary to plan and promote the research activity reform policy throughout the institutional operation process, research and development process, human resources and career development process of government–funded research institutes. Secondly, it is necessary to implement strategies that can enhance the creativity of researchers in the whole system ranging from R & D planning to evaluation. Especially it is important to establish mid and long term evaluation system for individual and institution and to improve autonomy to secure excellent talent. Third, in the case of human resources and career development process, it is most urgent to link with R & D activities and achievements. Finally, it is urgent to eliminate factors that inhibit creative research results based on the improvement of diversity and autonomy in the institutional management process of government - funded research institutes. To this end, it is necessary to overhaul the uniform evaluation system of government-funded research institutes.