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Cardiovascular Risk Is Elevated in Lean Subjects with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
Kim Yuna,Han Eugene,Lee Jae Seung,Lee Hye Won,Kim Beom Kyung,Kim Mi Kyung,Kim Hye Soon,Park Jun Yong,Kim Do Young,Ahn Sang Hoon,Lee Byung-Wan,Kang Eun Seok,Cha Bong-Soo,Lee Yong-ho,Kim Seung Up 거트앤리버 소화기연관학회협의회 2022 Gut and Liver Vol.16 No.2
Background/Aims: Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and obesity are independently associated with an increased risk for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), the leading cause of mortality in patients with NAFLD. Many NAFLD patients are lean, but their ASCVD risk compared to obese subjects with NAFLD is unclear. Methods: Data from the 2008 to 2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys database were analyzed (n=4,786). NAFLD was defined as a comprehensive NAFLD score ≥40 or a liver fat score ≥–0.640. ASCVD risk was evaluated using the American College of Cardiology/ American Heart Association guidelines. Results: The frequency of subjects without NAFLD, with obese NAFLD, and with lean NAFLD was 62.4% (n=2,987), 26.6% (n=1,274), and 11.0% (n=525), respectively. Subjects with lean NAFLD had a significantly higher ASCVD score and prevalence of a high ASCVD risk (mean 15.6±14.0, 51.6%) than those with obese NAFLD and without NAFLD (mean 11.2±11.4, 39.8%; mean 7.9±10.9, 25.5%; all p<0.001). Subjects with lean NAFLD and significant liver fibrosis showed a significantly higher odds ratio for a high risk for ASCVD than those with obese NAFLD with or without significant liver fibrosis (odds ratio, 2.60 vs 1.93; p=0.023). Conclusions: Subjects with lean NAFLD had a significantly higher ASCVD score and prevalence of high risk for ASCVD than those with obese NAFLD. Similarly, lean subjects with significant liver fibrosis had a higher probability of ASCVD than obese subjects in the subpopulation with NAFLD.
Corn Silk Extract Prevents Carrageenan-Induced Inflammatory Edema
Kim Yonghwan,Han Na Choi,Kim Taehee,Kim Su Jin,Kim Yuna,Kim Jin Soo,Lee Sang-Hoon,Goo Young-Tae,Kim Dong Woon,Do Lee Sang 건강기능식품미래포럼 2022 건강기능식품미래포럼 학술지 Vol.2 No.1
Corn silk extract (CSE) has been used as a traditional medicine for edema, cystitis, gout, kidney stones, nephritis, and prostatitis. Although CSE has been shown to be effective against oxidative stress and diabetes, the effects of CSE on peripheral edema are unclear. Therefore, in this study, the effects of CSE on carrageenan-induced peripheral edema in the hind paw of mice were examined. CSE administered orally for a week suppressed the formation of edema and inhibited the swelling of epidermis and the infiltration of inflammatory cells into the dermis. To explore the mechanism of the anti-inflammatory action, CSE was tested on the adhesion between monocytes and endothelial cells using THP-1 cells (a monocyte cell line) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). CSE inhibited the adhesion only when THP-1 cells were treated with CSE but not HUVECs. This finding suggests that CSE possibly influences the expressions of the membrane proteins of the monocyte involved in the adhesion with endothelial cells. Thus, CSE was treated for 24 hours and the expressions of CD11a, CD11b, CD18, CD49d and CD162 using its respective antibody and flowcytometry. Of these proteins, CD162, also known as P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1), was shown to be reduced in its expression. PSGL-1 is known to be required for the binding of inflammatory cells to intercellular adhesion molecules of endothelial cells. In conclusion, CSE may suppress inflammatory edema by inhibiting the binding of inflammatory cells to the vascular endothelium.
Yuna Kim,Sangin Kim,Doo-Soo Kim,Il-Young Oh,Jong-Gwan Yook 한국전자파학회JEES 2018 Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science Vol.18 No.1
Surface dielectric barrier discharge (SDBD), which is widely used to control turbulence in aerodynamics, has a significant effect on the radar cross-section (RCS). A four-way linearly synthesized SDBD air plasma actuator is designed to bolster the plasma effects on electromagnetic waves. The diffraction angle is calculated to predict the RCS because of the periodic structure of staggered electrodes. The simplified plasma modeling is utilized to calculate the inhomogeneous surface plasma distribution. Monostatic RCS shows the diffraction in the plane perpendicular to the electrode array and the notable distortion by plasma. In comparison, the overall pattern is maintained in the parallel plane with minor plasma effects. The trends also appear in the bistatic RCS, which has a significant difference in the observation plane perpendicular to the electrodes. The peaks by Bragg’s diffraction are shown, and the RCS is reduced by 10 dB in a certain range by the plasma effect. The diffraction caused by the actuator and the inhomogeneous air plasma should be considered in designing an SDBD actuator for a wide range of application.
Electrochromic Diffraction from Nanopatterned Poly(3-hexylthiophene)
Kim, Yuna,Kim, Yoonjung,Kim, Sehwan,Kim, Eunkyoung American Chemical Society 2010 ACS NANO Vol.4 No.9
<P>Poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) films were patterned by a soft lithography technique using a nanopatterned polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) mold to generate one-dimensional (1D) grating and two-dimensional (2D) crossed line pillar patterns. The redox currents (<I>i</I><SUB>p</SUB>) were significantly increased due to the facilitated diffusion of ClO<SUB>4</SUB><SUP>−</SUP> counterions associated with redox processes at the P3HT electrode as analyzing cyclic voltammetry (CV) was performed at different scan rates (ν). It was found that the diffusion coefficient (<I>D</I><SUB>f</SUB>, cm<SUP>2</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP>) for ion diffusion in the patterned electrode was much larger than that of the pristine P3HT electrode. Furthermore, the value of <I>D</I><SUB>f</SUB> in the 2D electrode was three times higher than that in a pristine film. As a result of such facilitated charge transport, the electrochromic (EC) properties of the patterned P3HT electrode were greatly enhanced and dependent on the dimension of the pattern. Thus, the electrochromic efficiency (<I>E</I><SUB>e</SUB>), including the coloration (<I>E</I><SUB>c</SUB>) and bleaching efficiencies (<I>E</I><SUB>b</SUB>), was higher as the dimension of the pattern was increased; <I>E</I><SUB>e</SUB> was maximized in the 2D patterned P3HT film. In a patterned cell, electrochromic diffraction was reversibly observed with a switching efficiency (<I>R</I><SUB>DE</SUB>) of 2 and 2.5 for the 1D and 2D patterned cells, respectively.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/ancac3/2010/ancac3.2010.4.issue-9/nn1016378/production/images/medium/nn-2010-016378_0006.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/nn1016378'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
AdaFF: Adaptive Failure-Handling Framework for Composite Web Services
KIM, Yuna,LEE, Wan Yeon,KIM, Kyong Hoon,KIM, Jong The Institute of Electronics, Information and Comm 2010 IEICE transactions on information and systems Vol.93 No.4
<P>In this paper, we propose a novel Web service composition framework which dynamically accommodates various failure recovery requirements. In the proposed framework called <I>Adaptive Failure-handling Framework (AdaFF)</I>, failure-handling submodules are prepared during the design of a composite service, and some of them are systematically selected and automatically combined with the composite Web service at service instantiation in accordance with the requirement of individual users. In contrast, existing frameworks cannot adapt the failure-handling behaviors to user's requirements. AdaFF rapidly delivers a composite service supporting the requirement-matched failure handling without manual development, and contributes to a flexible composite Web service design in that service architects never care about failure handling or variable requirements of users. For proof of concept, we implement a prototype system of the AdaFF, which automatically generates a composite service instance with Web Services Business Process Execution Language (WS-BPEL) according to the users' requirement specified in XML format and executes the generated instance on the ActiveBPEL engine.</P>