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6면 프리즘 렌즈가 장착된 Lensmeter에서 시험 렌즈의 편심 위치 계산
Maria Lin,박종대,,조창호,김현규 배재대학교 자연과학연구소 2005 自然科學論文集 Vol.16 No.1
6면 프리즘 렌즈가 장착된 렌즈메터에서 상점의 위치로부터 시험렌즈의 편심의 위치를 알아 낼 수 있는 알고리즘을 개발하였다. 6개의 프리즘에 의해 형성되는 6개의 상점은 시험렌즈의 편심의 극좌표에 의해 변하게 되며, 비틀린 광선 추적으로 계산할 수 있다. 광학 설계 프로그램인 Code V를 사용하여 렌즈메터 광학계를 분석하고, 시험렌즈의 위치에 따른 상점의 위치 변화를 함수로 나타내서 역으로 상점의 위치로부터 시험렌즈의 편심의 위치를 알아낼 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. We have developed an algorithm to determine the decenter position from the image points in a lensmeter with 6-sided prism lens. The positions of the image points which are formed by six prisms depends on the decenter position of a test lens and can be calculated by skew ray tracing. The optical characteristics of the lens meter was analyzed using the Code V program and the positions of the image points was expressed as a function of the decenter position of the test lens. By minimizing the expectation error, we can determine the decenter position of a test lens from the image positions.
Maria Razzaq,Ji Ho Han,Subramaniyam Ravichandran,Jaehyun Kim,Joon-Yong Bae,Man-Seong Park,Shrute Kannappan,Woo-Chang Chung,Jin-Hyun Ahn,Moon Jung Song,Kyeong Kyu Kim 대한약학회 2023 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.46 No.7
The G-quadruplex (G4) formed in single-stranded DNAs or RNAs plays a key role in diverse biological processes and is considered as a potential antiviral target. In the genome of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), 25 putative G4-forming sequences are predicted; however, the effects of G4-binding ligands on SARS-CoV-2 replication have not been studied in the context of viral infection. In this study, we investigated whether G4-ligands suppressed SARS-CoV-2 replication and whether their antiviral activity involved stabilization of viral RNA G4s and suppression of viral gene expression. We found that pyridostatin (PDS) suppressed viral gene expression and genome replication as effectively as the RNA polymerase inhibitor remdesivir. Biophysical analyses revealed that the 25 predicted G4s in the SARS-CoV-2 genome formed a parallel G4 structure. In particular, G4-644 and G4-3467 located in the 5′ region of ORF1a, formed a G4 structure that could be effectively stabilized by PDS. We also showed that PDS significantly suppressed translation of the reporter genes containing these G4s. Taken together, our results demonstrate that stabilization of RNA G4s by PDS in the SARS-CoV-2 genome inhibits viral infection via translational suppression, highlighting the therapeutic potential of G4-ligands in SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Applicative Factors of Helmet Molding Therapy in Late-diagnosed Positional Plagiocephaly
Kim Min Ji,Kang Min Kyu,Deslivia Maria Florencia,Kim Yong Oock,최종우 대한의학회 2020 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.35 No.36
Background: Although the benefits of helmet therapy for positional plagiocephaly are strongly correlated with age, the effective period remains controversial. However, most physicians agree that effective results can be obtained in patients within the age of 6 months. Owing to the characteristics of positional plagiocephaly in Koreans, many Korean patients have delayed diagnosis, and because this results in delayed onset of the helmet therapy, the outcomes remain largely underevaluated. In the management of late-diagnosed positional plagiocephaly, we aimed to determine the factors affecting the effective application of helmet therapy. Methods: We recruited 39 consecutive patients with positional plagiocephaly who received helmet therapy and completed the treatment between December 2008 and June 2016. The ages at initiation and completion of treatment, duration of daily use, initial and final absolute diagonal differences, cephalic index, and cranial vault asymmetry index (CVAI) were analysed using data retrospectively collected from the patients' medical records. Results: We identified 12 patients with late-diagnosed positional plagiocephaly, of whom 83.33% were effectively treated. The effective change in CVAI (%) was affected by age at treatment initiation (P = 0.001), initial absolute diagonal distance differences (P < 0.001), and initial CVAI (P < 0.001). Up to 9 months, a gradual change of at least 1% CVAI was attained. Treatment initiation at ages < 5.5 months was beneficial. Even at a later age, patients with an initial absolute diagonal distance difference of > 13.50 mm and initial CVAI of > 11.03% could receive effective helmet therapy. Conclusion: The efficacy of helmet therapy in late-diagnosed patients can be predicted on the basis of not only age at treatment initiation, but also initial absolute diagonal distance differences and initial CVAI. We anticipate that even patients with late-diagnosed positional plagiocephaly can expect better helmet therapy outcomes.
Kim, Han Sung,Yeom, Yeon Soo,Nguyen, Thang Tat,Choi, Chansoo,Han, Min Cheol,Lee, Jai Ki,Kim, Chan Hyeong,Zankl, Maria,Petoussi-Henss, Nina,Bolch, Wesley E,Lee, Choonsik,Qiu, Rui,Eckerman, Keith,Chung, Institute of Physics in association with the Ameri 2017 Physics in medicine & biology Vol. No.
<P>It is not feasible to define very small or complex organs and tissues in the current voxel-type adult reference computational phantoms of the International Commission on Radiological Protection (ICRP), which limit dose coefficients for weakly penetrating radiations. To address the problem, the ICRP is converting the voxel-type reference phantoms into mesh-type phantoms. In the present study, as a part of the conversion project, the micrometer-thick target and source regions in the alimentary and respiratory tract systems as described in ICRP <I>Publications 100</I> and <I>66</I> were included in the mesh-type ICRP reference adult male and female phantoms. In addition, realistic lung airway models were simulated to represent the bronchial (BB) and bronchiolar (bb) regions. The electron specific absorbed fraction (SAF) values for the alimentary and respiratory tract systems were then calculated and compared with the values calculated with the stylized models of ICRP <I>Publications 100</I> and <I>66</I>. The comparisons show generally good agreement for the oral cavity, oesophagus, and BB, whereas for the stomach, small intestine, large intestine, extrathoracic region, and bb, there are some differences (e.g. up to ~9 times in the large intestine). The difference is mainly due to anatomical difference in these organs between the realistic mesh-type phantoms and the simplified stylized models. The new alimentary and respiratory tract models in the mesh-type ICRP reference phantoms preserve the topology and dimensions of the voxel-type ICRP phantoms and provide more reliable SAF values than the simplified models adopted in previous ICRP <I>Publications</I>.</P>
Kim, Jin-Hyuk,Heo, Man-Woong,Cha, Kyung-Hun,Kim, Kwang-Yong,Tac, Se-Wyan,Cho, Yong,Hwang, Jae-Chun,Collins, Maria Korean Society for Fluid machinery 2012 International journal of fluid machinery and syste Vol.5 No.4
A numerical study to investigate the effect of intake vortex occurrence on the performance of an axial hydraulic turbine for generating tidal power energy in Sihwa-lake tidal power plant, Korea, is performed. Numerical analysis of the flow through an sxial hydraulic turbine is carried out by solving three-dimensional Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes dquations with the shear stress transport turbulence model. In the real turbine operation, the vortex flows are occurred in both the side corners around the intake of an axial hydraulic turbine due to the interaction between the inflow angle of water and intake structure. To analyze these vortex phenomena and to evaluate their impacts on the turbine performance, the internal flow fields of the axial hydraulic turbines with the different inflow angles are compared with their performances. As the results of numerical analysis, the vortex flows do not directly affect the turbine performance.
The Dynamic Prediction of Company Failure : The Influence of Non-Linearity and the Economy
Maria H. Kim,Graham Partington 한국재무학회 2014 한국재무학회 학술대회 Vol.2014 No.05
The authors previously developed a dynamic Cox hazards model with time-varying covariates to estimate and forecast the events of financial distress for Australian firms (Kim and Partington, 2014). Yet, in common with most prior studies on financial distress, they neglect the potential non-linear relation between individual predictor variables and the event of interest (the risk of financial distress). This paper extends Kim and Partington (2014) by addressing both the effect of non-linearity and the impact of the state of the economy on the financial distress risk. Specifically, each predictor variable is transformed non-parametrically based on the univariate empirical mapping with the observed failure rates. With the use of data on publicly listed companies on the Australian Securities Exchange (ASX) from 1995 to 2006, the models are calibrated using an estimation sample ((1995-2002) and the out-of-sample discriminatory power (based on the ROC curve) and accuracy (based on the Brier Score) are assessed on the holdout sample (2003-2006). It is found that the discriminatory power (but not the accuracy of probabilistic predictions) of the models is substantively improved by catering for the non-linear relations between the risk of financial distress and predictor variables. However, it is shown that variables capturing the state of the economy do not add to the predictive power when timevarying firm-specific variables are already included in the model.
Kim, Se Ik,Lee, Maria,Lee, Sungyoung,Suh, Dong Hoon,Kim, Hee Seung,Kim, Kidong,Chung, Hyun Hoon,No, Jae Hong,Kim, Jae-Weon,Park, Noh Hyun,Song, Yong-Sang,Kim, Yong Beom Elsevier 2019 Gynecologic oncology Vol.155 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Objective</B></P> <P>To compare survival outcomes of primary laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) and open radical hysterectomy (ORH) in patients with FIGO stage IB cervical cancer.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>We retrospectively identified stage IB1–IB2 cervical cancer patients who received either LRH (<I>n</I> = 343) or ORH (<I>n</I> = 222) at two tertiary institutional hospitals between 2000 and 2018. To adjust for confounders, we conducted Mahalanobis distance-based sample matching for stage, histology, cervical mass size, parametrial invasion, and lymph node metastasis. Then, survival outcomes were compared between the matched groups. Through the independent matching processes, we narrowed the study population to stage IB1 patients and stage IB1 patients with tumor size ≤2 cm on pre-operative MRI.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>After matching, LRH group showed poorer progression-free survival (PFS) than ORH group (3-year: 85.4% vs. 91.8%; <I>P</I> = 0.036), whereas no significant difference in overall survival (OS) was found. Regarding recurrence patterns, no significant differences in the incidences of pelvic, retroperitoneal lymph node and abdominal recurrences, or distant metastasis were observed between the two groups. Among the matched patients with stage IB1 who had cervical mass size ≤2 cm, the LRH and ORH groups showed similar PFS (3-year: 90.0% vs. 93.1%; <I>P</I> = 0.8) and OS (5-year: 98.6% vs. 96.4%; <I>P</I> = 0.6).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Despite the retrospective design, our matched cohort study suggests that ORH might be preferable for the surgical treatment of FIGO stage IB cervical cancer. However, in stage IB1 patients with tumor size ≤2 cm, LRH might be applicable, as equivalent outcomes were found regardless of the surgical approach. Further prospective studies are warranted.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We conducted a matching study to investigate survival of laparoscopic radical hysterectomy (LRH) in stage IB cervical cancer. </LI> <LI> After matching, LRH group showed a higher recurrence rate compared to open group, whereas overall survival was not different. </LI> <LI> In stage IB1 patients with tumor size ≤2 cm, equivalent survival outcomes were observed regardless of the surgical approach. </LI> </UL> </P>