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Streptomyces Telomeres Contain a Promoter
Lin, Yuh-ru,Hahn, Mi-Young,Roe, Jung-Hye,Huang, Tzu-Wen,Tsai, Hsiu-Hui,Lin, Yung-Feng,Su, Tsung-Sheng,Chan, Yu-Jiun,Chen, Carton W. American Society for Microbiology 2009 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.191 No.3
<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>Bidirectional replication of the linear chromosomes and plasmids of <I>Streptomyces</I> spp. results in single-strand overhangs at their 3′ ends, which contain extensive complex palindromic sequences. The overhangs are believed to be patched by DNA synthesis primed by a terminal protein that remains covalently bound to the 5′ ends of the telomeres. We discovered that in vitro a conserved 167-bp telomere DNA binds strongly to RNA polymerase holoenzyme and exhibits promoter activities stronger than those of an rRNA operon. In vivo, the telomere DNA exhibited promoter activity in both orientations on a circular plasmid in <I>Streptomyces</I>. The telomere promoter is also active on a linear plasmid during exponential growth. Such promoter activity in a telomere has not hitherto been observed in eukaryotic or prokaryotic replicons. <I>Streptomyces</I> telomere promoters may be involved in priming the terminal Okazaki fragment (during replication) replicative transfer (during conjugation), or expression of downstream genes (including a conserved <I>ttrA</I> helicase-like gene involved in conjugal transfer). Interestingly, the <I>Streptomyces</I> telomeres also function as a promoter in <I>Escherichia coli</I> and as a transcription enhancer in yeast.</P>
Chen Yu Hsiao,Yuh Feng Tsai 대한영상의학회 2011 Korean Journal of Radiology Vol.12 No.4
Spontaneous intracranial hypotension (SIH) is caused by single or multiple cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks in the spine with the prototypical symptom of postural headache. One of the characteristic MRI features in SIH is intracranial venous engorgement. This report presents a case of SIH with engorgement of the bilateral superior ophthalmic veins (SOVs) which resume their normal diameters by the third day of successful epidural blood patches (EBPs). We define this phenomenon as the “reversal of the SOV” sign.
Jeng, Jen-Eing,Tsai, Meng-Feng,Tsai, Hey-Ru,Chuang, Lea-Yea,Lin, Zu-Yau,Hsieh, Min-Yuh,Chen, Shinn-Chern,Chuang, Wan-Lung,Wang, Liang-Yen,Yu, Ming-Lung,Dai, Chia-Yen,Tsai, Jung-Fa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.2
The pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) related to habitual betel quid (BQ) chewing is unclear. Risk of HCCis increased with adverse hepatic fibrosis. This study aimed to assess the impact of chronic viral hepatitis on adverse hepatic fibrosis in HCC related to BQ chewing. This hospital-based case-control study enrolled 200 pairs of age- and gender-matched patients with HCC and unrelated healthy controls. Serologic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), antibodies to hepatitis C virus (anti-HCV), ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein (AFP), and surrogate markers for significant hepatic fibrosis were measured. Information on substance-use habits was obtained with a questionnaire. By analysis of surrogate markers for hepatic fibrosis, the prevalence of significant hepatic fibrosis in patients chewing BQ was between 45.8% and 91.7%, whereas that for patients without BQ chewing was between 18.4% and 57.9%. The difference was significant (P <0.05 for each surrogate marker). Multivariate analysis indicated that cirrhosis with Child-Pugh C (odds ratio (OR) = 3.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.29-8.37), thrombocytopenia (OR = 3.92, 95% CI, 1.77-8.68), AFP >400 mg/L (OR = 2.21, 95% CI, 1.05-4.66) and male gender (OR = 4.06, 95% CI, 1.29-12.77) were independent factors associated with habitual BQ chewing. In conclusion, adverse hepatic fibrosis and severe liver damage play important roles in the pathogenesis of BQ-related HCC, which could be aggravated by chronic hepatitis B and hepatitis C. BQ-cessation programs and prevention of chronic HBV/HCV infection are needed to prevent HCC related to BQ chewing.
Jeng, Jen-Eing,Wu, Hui-Fang,Tsai, Meng-Feng,Tsai, Huey-Ru,Chuang, Lea-Yea,Lin, Zu-Yau,Hsieh, Min-Yuh,Chen, Shinn-Chern,Chuang, Wan-Lung,Wang, Liang-Yen,Yu, Ming-Lung,Dai, Chia-Yen,Tsai, Jung-Fa Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.23
To assess the contribution of tumor necrosis factor $(TNF){\beta}$ +252 polymorphisms to risk and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), we enrolled 150 pairs of sex- and age-matched patients with HCC, patients with cirrhosis alone, and unrelated healthy controls. $TNF{\beta}$ +252 genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Multivariate analysis indicated that $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype [odds ratio (OR), 3.64; 95%CI, 1.49-8.91], hepatitis B surface antigen (OR, 16.38; 95%CI, 8.30-32.33), and antibodies to hepatitis C virus (HCV) (OR, 39.11; 95%CI, 14.83-103.14) were independent risk factors for HCC. There was an additive interaction between $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV)/HCV infection (synergy index=1.15). Multivariate analysis indicated that factors associated with $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype included cirrhosis with Child-Pugh C (OR, 4.06; 95%CI, 1.34-12.29), thrombocytopenia (OR, 6.55; 95%CI, 1.46-29.43), and higher serum ${\alpha}$-fetoprotein concentration (OR, 2.53; 95%CI, 1.14-5.62). Patients with $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype had poor cumulative survival (p=0.005). Cox proportional hazard model indicated that $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype was a biomarker for poor HCC survival (hazard ratio, 1.70; 95%CI, 1.07-2.69). In conclusion, there are independent and additive effects between $TNF{\beta}$ G/G genotype and chronic HBV/HCV infection on risk for HCC. It is a biomarker for poor HCC survival. Carriage of this genotype correlates with disease severity and advanced hepatic fibrosis, which may contribute to a higher risk and poor survival of HCC. Chronic HBV/HCV infected subjects with this genotype should receive more intensive surveillance for early detection of HCC.
Lee, Der-Nan,Cheng, Yeong-Hsiang,Chuang, Yu-Shuan,Shive, Jiing-Lin,Lian, Yuh-Ming,Wei, Hen-Wei,Weng, Ching-Feng Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.1
Three experiments were conducted to evaluate the effects of taurine (Tau) supplements on broiler growth performance, serum constituents and antibody production. In Exp. 1, 3 day old chicks received a basal diet supplemented with Tau at 0, 0.10, 0.20, 0.30 or 0.40% for 6 weeks. Although dietary Tau supplementing at 0.30 or 0.40% enhanced feed conversion and reduced feed consumption during 0 to 3 weeks (p<0.05), neither serum total cholesterol or anti-Newcastle disease virus (NDV) titer were affected. In Exp. 2, dietary Tau supplement at 0.25-0.75% enhanced feed conversion of broilers during 0 to 3 weeks, but daily gain and feed consumption were not affected. The 0.75% Tau supplement group displayed lower serum total cholesterol at 6 weeks (p<0.05) comparing with the control group but no difference in anti-NDV titers. In Exp. 3, broilers were treated with dietary Tau of 0 or 0.50% combined with low (0/0%), medium (0.18/0.08%), or high (0.36/0.16%) methionine (Met) levels for 6 weeks (0 to 3/3 to 6 weeks). The addition of Met significantly improved daily gain and feed conversion of broilers during 0 to 3 weeks (p<0.01). Dietary Tau interacted significantly with Met on daily gain and feed consumption. Broiler serum amino acids revealed that Met supplements only increased serum Met level, but only serum Tau level was enhanced as given dietary Tau supplementation. The broilers receiving Tau normalized serum triglycerides level by feeding with the low Met diet and tended to display higher anti-NDV titers (p<0.10). The experimental results suggest that the growth response obtained by Tau supplements results partly from interactions with sulfur amino acids. However, the modulation of the broiler lipid metabolism may be responsible for dietary Tau.
Yu, H.,Lee, J.Y.,Angupillai, S.,Wang, S.,Feng, S.,Matsumoto, S.,Son, Y.A. Pergamon 2015 Spectrochimica acta. Part A, Molecular and biomole Vol.151 No.-
<P>Turn 'off-on' chemosensor 2-(-2-((3',6'-bis(diethylamino)-3-oxospiro[isoindoline-1,9'-xanthen]-2-yl)imino)ethylidene)-N-phenylhydrazine-1-carbothioamide (RBS) was designed and synthesized. Using the naked eye, RBS showed favorable observation characteristics with both Cu2+ and F- ions. The various modes of sensitivity shown by RBS toward the Cu2+ and F- ions were investigated by spectral techniques, including UV-Vis, fluorescence and H-1 NMR spectroscopy. The Job's plot indicated the formation of 1:1 complex between RBS and Cu2+/F-. The binding constant of the RBS-guest(-) complexes were found to be 1.3 x 10(4) and 6.2 x 10(3) M-1 for the RBS-Cu2+ and RBS-F-, respectively. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.</P>