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Thyroid Autoantibody Positive Anti-N-Methyl-D-Aspartate Receptor Encephalitis
Yoori Jung,Soonwon Park,Hwan-Jun Son,정대수,Eun Hi Sa,Sun-Tae Lee,김은수,정나연,김은주 대한치매학회 2016 Dementia and Neurocognitive Disorders Vol.15 No.1
BackgroundHashimoto’s encephalopathy (HE) and anti N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis have clinical overlaps. Case ReportA 70-year-old woman presented with acutely developed confusion, disorientations and psychosis. HE was suspected based on goiter, markedly elevated anti-thyroglobulin and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibody. She was placed on high dose steroid and intravenous immunoglobulins administration, which did not ameliorate her symptoms. After the antibodies to the NMDAR were identified, weekly 500 mg of rituximab with 4 cycles were started. The current followed up indicated a complete recovery. ConclusionsThe possible associations between NMDAR antibody and autoimmune thyroid antibodies in anti-NMDAR encephalitis with positive thyroid autoantibodies remain unclear. However, a trend toward a higher incidence of NMDAR antibody in patients with autoimmune thyroid antibodies than without has been observed. Cases of encephalitis with only NMDAR antibody (pure anti-NMDAR encephalitis) also occur. Therefore, it is important for clinicians to know the clinical and pathogenic differences between anti-NMDAR encephalitis with positive thyroid autoantibody and pure anti-NMDAR encephalitis for relevant treatment, predicting prognosis, and future follow-up.
Electroreflectance and Photoluminescence Study on InGaN Alloys
Jung-Won Yoon,정현식,윤의준,김희진,Hui-Chan Seo,권순용,Sung Soo Kim,Yoon-Soo Park,Yoori Shin 한국물리학회 2006 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.49 No.5I
Photoluminescence (PL) and electrore°ectance (ER)measurements on In-rich InxGa1¡xN .lms grown by using metal-organic chemical vapor deposition at 640 ±C and 670 ±C were performed. Franz-Keldysh Oscillations (FKO's) were observed in the ER spectra. The analysis of the FKO's shows phase separation of InN for the In0:8Ga0:2N .lm, regardless of the growth temperature, whereas in the PL spectrum multiple peaks were resolved only in the sample grown at 640 ±C. This indicates that phase separation exists in this kind of In-rich InGaN alloy independent of the growth temperature. From a deconvolution of the FKO signal in the ER spectra, the bandgap energy of In-rich InxGa1¡xN could be estimated. The dependence of the bandgap energy of the InxGa1¡xN alloy on the In composition (x) was obtained from this information.
잠재성 유두상 갑상선암에서 원발종양의 크기에 따른 공격성 정도 분석
박해린(Hai-Lin Park),곽진영(Jin Young Kwak),강석선(Seok Seon Kang),김도연(Do Youn Kim),강형곤(Hyung Gon Kang),심정연(Jung Yeon Shim),김유리(Yoori Kim),박원근(Won Kun Park),최영길(Young Gil Choi) 대한외과학회 2007 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.73 No.6
Purpose: Occult papillary thyroid carcinomas (OPC) are defined as tumors measuring <15 ㎜. These tumors are believed to be a less aggressive subset of papillary cancers. They generally behave more like benign lesions and are often more conservatively treated. However, it is unclear if a cancer 1.0 to 1.5 ㎝ in diameter will have a similar favorable clinical behavior as tumors <1.0 ㎝ (micropapillary thyroid carcinoma). Therefore, a retrospective chart review study of patients with OPC in order was carried out in order to answer this question and characterize the biology and optimal treatment for OPCs. Methods: From October 2001 to January 2007, Among the impalpable thyroid nodules detected incidentally during screening examinations, 260 patients underwent surgery for occult papillary thyroid cancer (OPC) at Kangnam Cha University hospital. The data from these patients was analyzed retrospectively. The mean follow up period was 25.6 ± 14.5 (max:63, min:1) months. Results: The mean age of these patients was 42.8 years, and 233 (89.5%) were female. 46.2% of patients underwent a total or neartotal thyroidectomy, and 54.6% underwent a central lymph node dissection. Of the 260 patients, 55 (21.2%) had lymph node metastases. The OPC presented with signs of aggressiveness including multifocality (34.2%), bilaterality (17.7%), capsular invasion (52.7%), and lymph node metastases (21.2%). A progressively increasing frequency of the signs of tumor aggressiveness was observed with increasing tumor size at presentation. LN metastases were associated with the tumor size (P=0.0063), extracapsular invasion (P=0.0015) and multfocallity (P=0.0020). However, there was no association with age and gender. With a follow-up of up to 63 months, 3 patients had a local recurrence (0.014%). No patients currently have active disease and no patients with OPC died during this period. Conclusion: In OPC patients, there is a progressively increasing frequency of the signs of tumor aggressiveness with increasing tumor size. Moreover, a small size itself cannot guarantee low risk and low recurrence rate. The prevalence of LN metastases and extracapsular invasion were higher in those with a tumor size >0.5 ㎝. A near-total or total thyroidectomy with a central lymph node dissection is the preferred treatment. The early detection and treatment of OPC might be warranted through the routine use of thyroid USG and USG-guided FNA.