Identification of QTLs associated with the anaerobic germination potential using a set of Oryza nivara introgression lines

Licheng Liu,Xiaoxiang Li,Sanxiong Liu,Jun Min,Wenqiang Liu,Xiaowu Pan,Baohua Fang,Min Hu,Zhongqi Liu,Yongchao Li,Haiqing Zhang 한국유전학회 2021 Genes & Genomics Vol.43 No.4

Background Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop and a staple food for half of the population around the world. The recent water and labor shortages are encouraging farmers to shift from traditional transplanting to direct-seeding. However, poor germination and slow elongation of the coleoptile constrains large-scale application of direct-seeding. Objective Thisstudy was aimed to investigate the genetic basis of the anaerobic germination(AG) potential using a set of Oryza nivara (O. nivara) introgressionlines (ILs). Methods Inthis study, a total of 131 ILs were developed by introducing O. nivara chromosomesegments into the elite indica rice variety 93-11 through advanced backcrossingand repeated selfng. A high-density genetic map has been previouslyconstructed with 1,070 bin-markers. The seeds of ILs were germinated and usedto measure coleoptile length under normal and anaerobic conditions. QTLsassociated with AG potential were determined in rice. Results Basedon the high-density genetic map of the IL population, two QTLs, qAGP1 and qAGP3 associated with AG tolerance were characterized and locatedon chromosomes 1 and 3, respectively. Each QTL explained 15% of the phenotypic variance.Specifcally, the O. nivara-derived chromosomesegments of the two QTLs were positively tolerance to anaerobic condition byincreasing coleoptile length. In a further analysis of public transcriptomedata, a total of 26 and 36 genes within qAGP1 and qAGP3 were transcriptionallyinduced by anaerobic stress, respectively. Conclusions Utilizationof O. nivara-derived alleles at qAGP1 and qAGP3 can potentially enhance tolerance to anaerobic stress at thegermination stage in rice, thereby accelerating breeding of rice varieties tobe more adaptative for direct-seeding.

A Bound Estimation Method for Robust Adaptive Fuzzy Asymptotic Tracking of Switched Nonlinear Systems with Its Application

Yongchao Liu,Qidan Zhu,Lipeng Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2022 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.20 No.2

This article focuses on designing a robust adaptive fuzzy asymptotic control method for uncertain switched nonlinear systems in presence of arbitrary switching signals. The unknown dynamics of switched systems are addressed by making use of fuzzy logic systems. Different from the existing approximation-based schemes, the asymptotic tracking performance is achieved by employing a bound estimation method, some smooth functions and the backstepping technique. Through constructing Lyapunov function, the devised scheme can guarantee the stability and asymptotic convergence character of the controlled systems. Finally, the availability of the presented approach is verified via simulation examples.

Bulk Heterojunction-Assisted Grain Growth for Controllable and Highly Crystalline Perovskite Films

Liu, Yanliang,Shin, Insoo,Ma, Yongchao,Hwang, In-Wook,Jung, Yun Kyung,Jang, Jae Won,Jeong, Jung Hyun,Park, Sung Heum,Kim, Kwang Ho American Chemical Society 2018 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.10 No.37

<P>Perovskite optoelectronic devices are being regarded as future candidates for next-generation optoelectronic devices. Device performance has been shown to be influenced by the perovskite film, which is determined by the grain size, surface roughness, and film coverage; therefore, developing controllable and highly crystalline perovskite films is pivotal for highly efficient devices. In this work, an innovative bulk heterojunction (BHJ)-assisted grain growth (BAGG) technique was developed to accurately control the quality of perovskite films. By a simple modulation of the polymer-to-PC<SUB>61</SUB>BM ratio in the BHJ film, the transition to a complete film phase from the perovskite precursor was accurately regulated, resulting in a controllable perovskite grain growth and high-quality final perovskite film. Moreover, because the BHJ layer could seep deeply into the perovskite active layer through the grain boundaries in the BAGG process, it facilitated the interface engineering and charge transport. The perovskite solar cells containing an optimized CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbI<SUB>3</SUB> film presented a high efficiency of 18.38% and fill factor of 83.71%. The perovskite light-emitting diode that contained a nanoscale and uniform CH<SUB>3</SUB>NH<SUB>3</SUB>PbBr<SUB>3</SUB> film with full coverage presented enhanced emission properties with a brightness value of 1600 cd/m<SUP>2</SUP> at 6.0 V and a luminous efficiency of 0.56 cd/A.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

Understanding and Tailoring Grain Growth of Lead-Halide Perovskite for Solar Cell Application

Ma, Yongchao,Liu, Yanliang,Shin, Insoo,Hwang, In-Wook,Jung, Yun Kyung,Jeong, Jung Hyun,Park, Sung Heum,Kim, Kwang Ho American Chemical Society 2017 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.9 No.39

<P>The fundamental mechanism of grain growth evolution in the fabrication process from the precursor phase to the perovskite phase is not fully understood despite its importance in achieving high-quality grains in organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites, which are strongly affected by processing parameters. In this work, we investigate the fundamental conversion mechanism from the precursor phase of perovskite to the complete perovskite phase and how the intermediate phase promotes growth of the perovskite grains during the fabrication process. By monitoring the morphological evolution of the perovskite during the film fabrication process, we observed a clear rod-shaped intermediate phase in the highly crystalline perovskite and investigated the role of the nanorod intermediate phase on the growth of the grains of the perovskite film. Furthermore, on the basis of these findings, we developed a simple and effective method to tailor grain properties including the crystallinity, size, and number of grain boundaries, and then utilized the film with the tailored grains to develop perovskite solar cells.</P>

Synchronized-pressing fabrication of cost-efficient crystalline perovskite solar cells <i>via</i> intermediate engineering

Ma, Yongchao,Lee, Jihoon,Liu, Yanliang,Hangoma, Pesi Mwitumwa,Park, Woon Ik,Lim, Jae-Hong,Jung, Yun Kyung,Jeong, Jung Hyun,Park, Sung Heum,Kim, Kwangho The Royal Society of Chemistry 2018 Nanoscale Vol.10 No.20

<P>A cost-effective fabrication method that can produce a remarkable enhancement in the device efficiency along with a reduction in the fabrication cost is one of the crucial requirements for the commercialization of perovskite-based solar cells. Here, we report a low-cost, printable, and highly effective synchronized-pressing annealing (SPA) method for inverted planar perovskite solar cells. In this method, two films are combined face-to-face for annealing, and separated as in a roll-to-roll process. Consequently, the SPA method provides two homogeneous highly crystalline MAPbI3 films with monolithic millimeter-scale crystalline grains by intermediate-induced crystallization engineering. The grains present a tendency of oriented growth along the <110> direction, parallel to the substrate, which leads to efficient charge transport. The IPSCs fabricated by the SPA method demonstrate a high efficiency of ∼17% with significantly enhanced photocurrents and fill factors. Moreover, the characteristics of both top and bottom devices are very similar, with nearly identical <I>J</I>-<I>V</I> curves and photoresponse spectra. As the SPA method is compatible with the printing technology for mass production, and as it can produce twin devices of high quality <I>via</I> one fabrication process, it can provide a remarkable reduction in the fabrication cost.</P>

Functional analysis of ascP in Aeromonas veronii TH0426 reveals a key role in the regulation of virulence

Guan Yongchao,Zhang Meng,Wang Yingda,Liu Zhongzhuo,Zhao Zelin,Wang Hong,An Dingjie,Qian Aidong,Kang Yuanhuan,Sun Wuwen,Shan Xiaofeng 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.12

Aeromonas veronii is a pathogen which can induce diseases in humans, animals and aquatic organisms, but its pathogenic mechanism and virulence factors are still elusive. In this study, we successfully constructed a mutant strain (ΔascP) by homologous recombination. The results showed that the deletion of the ascP gene significantly down-regulated the expression of associated effector proteins in A. veronii compared to its wild type. The adhesive and invasive abilities of ΔascP to EPC cells were 0.82-fold lower in contrast to the wild strain. The toxicity of ΔascP to cells was decreased by about 2.91-fold (1 h) and 1.74-fold (2 h). Furthermore, the LD50 of the mutant strain of crucian carp was reduced by 19.94-fold, and the virulence was considerably attenuated. In contrast to the wild strain, the ΔascP content in the liver and spleen was considerably lower. The titers of serum cytokines (IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-1β) in crucian carp after the infection of the ΔascP strain were considerably lower in contrast to the wild strain. Hence, the ascP gene is essential for the etiopathogenesis of A. veronii TH0426.

Thermal error analysis, modeling and compensation of five-axis machine tools

Zhi Huang,Yongchao Liu,Li Du,Han Yang 대한기계학회 2020 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.34 No.10

The role of five-axis CNC machine tools (FAMT) in the manufacturing industry is becoming more and more important, but due to the large number of heat sources of FAMT, the thermal error caused by them will be more complicated. To simplify the complicated thermal error model, this paper presents a new modelling method for compensation of the thermal errors on a cradle-type FAMT. This method uses artificial neural network (ANN) and shark smell optimization (SSO) algorithm to evaluate the performance of FAMT, and developing the thermal error compensation system, the compensation model is verified by machining experiments. Generally, the thermal sensitive point screening is performed by a method in which a large number of temperature sensors are arranged randomly, it increases the workload and may cause omission of the heat sensitive point. In this paper, the thermal imager is used to screen out the temperature sensitive points of the machine tool (MT), then the temperature sensor is placed at the position of the heat sensitive point of the FAMT, and the collected thermal characteristic data is used for thermal error modeling. The C-axis heating test, spindle heating test, and the combined movement test are applied in this work, and the results show that the shark smell optimization artificial neural network (SSO-ANN) model was compared to the other two models and verified better performance than back propagation artificial neural network (BP-ANN) model and particle swarm optimization neural network (PSO) model with the same training samples. Finally, a compensation experiment is carried out. The compensation values, which was calculated by the SSO-ANN model are sent to the real-time error compensation controller. The compensation effect of the model is then tested by machining the ‘S’-shaped test piece. Test results show that the 32 % reduction in machining error is achieved after compensation, which means this method improves the accuracy and robustness of the thermal error compensation system.

Relative strength of 5’ splice-site strength defines functions of SRSF2 and SRSF6 in alternative splicing of Bcl-x pre-mRNA

( Namjeong Choi ),( Yongchao Liu ),( Jagyeong Oh ),( Jiyeon Ha ),( Claudia Ghigna ),( Xuexiu Zheng ),( Haihong Shen ) 생화학분자생물학회(구 한국생화학분자생물학회) 2021 BMB Reports Vol.54 No.3

Bcl-x, a member of the Bcl-2 family, plays a key role in apoptosis. Alternative splicing of Bcl-x pre-mRNA through alternative 5’ splice-site selection produces an anti-apoptotic mRNA isoform that includes exon 2b and a pro-apoptotic Bcl-x mRNA isoform that excludes exon 2b. Here we used Bcl-x minigene and identified SRSF2 and SRSF6 as two regulatory factors of 5’ splice-site selection of Bcl-x pre-mRNA. We selected binding clusters closer to 5’ splice-sites from multiple potential binding sites of SRSF2 and SRSF6 to perform loss of functions analysis through site-directed mutagenesis. Our results demonstrated that these mutations did not abolish regulatory functions of SRSF2 or SRSF6, indicating that a single binding motif or a cluster was not a functional target of these proteins in Bcl-x pre-mRNA splicing. Random deletion mutagenesis did not disrupt the role of SRSF2 and SRSF6. Importantly, mutagenesis of 5’ splice-site to a conserved or a weaker score demonstrated that the weaker strength of the target 5’ splice-site or higher strength of the other 5’ splice-site strength limited the role of SRSF2 and SRSF6 in 5’ splice-site activation. [BMB Reports 2021; 54(3): 176-181]

Temperature characteristics of indentation rolling resistance of belt conveyor

Lidong Zhou,Zengfa Wu,Yongchao Li,Huiqiang Yao,Yuan Liu,Yuan Yuan,Wenjun Meng,Liangliang Han,Xueqin Cao 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.8

In order to study the influence of temperature on the indentation rolling resistance of belt conveyor, theoretical analysis, numerical simulation analysis and experimental study of conveyor belt indentation rolling resistance with temperature characteristics were carried out in this paper, and the influence rules of different factors on the indentation rolling resistance of belt conveyor were obtained. First, the three-component Maxwell model is chosen as the viscoelastic model for the conveyor belt rubber material, and the viscoelastic modulus function based on temperature effects is constructed from the DMA experimental data fitting. Second, we introduce the one-dimensional Winkler foundation model to derive a mathematical expression for the indentation rolling resistance based on temperature properties. Then, a mathematical model of the indentation rolling resistance of a conveyor belt with temperature characteristics is developed in MATLAB and numerical simulations are performed. Finally, using the existing experimental equipment to conduct experiments, the experimental results are compared with the numerical simulation result. The results show that the theoretical numerical simulation results of the indentation rolling resistance with temperature effect presented in this paper have a consistent change trend with the experimental results; at constant temperature and constant load, the indentation rolling resistance increases with increasing band velocity; at constant temperature and constant velocity, the indentation rolling resistance increases with increasing load; at constant load and speed, when the temperature is lower than 0 °C or higher than 25 °C, the rolling resistance increases with the increase of temperature, when the temperature is between 0 °C and 25 °C, the rolling resistance decreases gradually with the increase of temperature.

A COST-EFFECTIVE PROCESS FOR SYNTHESIZING MAGNESIUM BORATE NANORODS AND ITS MECHANICAL PROPERTY FOR REINFORCED NYLON-6 COMPOSITES

LICONG WANG,YUAN LIU,YUSHAN ZHANG,DAN CHEN,YUQI WANG,ZELIANG DONG,YONGCHAO LU,XIPING HUANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.7

Magnesium borate (Mg 2 B 2 O 5 Þ nanorods were synthesized by a two-step process, includingsolution-chemical technology and a ternary-°ux method, using concentrated seawater and H 3 BO 3as raw materials. X-ray di®raction (XRD) showed that the sample had triclinic structure. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high resolution transmission electron microscopy (HR-TEM) indicated that it consisted of rod-like particles with an average diameter of 100 – 150 nmand length over 5 ? m. Di®erential thermal analysis (DTA) con¯rmed that the melting point ofthe ternary-°ux and the formation temperature of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 were lower than single-°ux process. The formation of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 nanorods was more e±cient by ternary-°ux than single-°ux. Me-chanical property of Mg 2 B 2 O 5 nanorods reinforced Nylon-6 composites showed that KH550 wasthe optimal coupling agent and made the strength of the composites to be improved to differentdegrees.