Antimicrobial Aflatoxins from the Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus flavus 092008

Hui Wang,Wei-Ming Zhu,Zhenyu Lu,Hai-Jun Qu,Peipei Liu,Chengdu Miao,Tonghan Zhu,Jing Li,Kui Hong 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.8

A new aflatoxin, aflatoxin B2b (1), together with six known compounds, were isolated from the marine-derived fungus Aspergillus flavus 092008 endogenous with the mangrove plant Hibiscus tiliaceus (Malvaceae). The structure of 1 was determined by the spectroscopic and chemical methods. Compound 1 exhibited a moderate antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Enterobacter aerogenes, with MIC values of 22.5, 1.7 and 1.1 μM, respectively. Compound 1 also showed a weak cytotoxicity against A549, K562 and L-02 cell lines, with IC50 values of 8.1, 2.0 and 4.2 μM, respectively. The results showed that hydration and hydrogenation of Δ8-double bond significantly reduces the cytotoxicity of aflatoxins, while the esterification at C-8 increases the cytotoxicity.

The Efficacy of Aspirin in Preventing the Recurrence of Colorectal Adenoma: a Renewed Meta-Analysis of Randomized Trials

Zhao, Tai-Yun,Tu, Jing,Wang, Yin,Cheng, Da-Wei,Gao, Xian-Kui,Luo, Hao,Yan, Bi-Chun,Xu, Xiao-Li,Zhang, Hong-Ling,Lu, Xing-Jun,Wang, Yao-Jun Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.5

Background: Through search the possible randomized control trials, we make a renewed meta-analysis in order to assess the impact of aspirin in preventing the recurrence of colorectal adenoma. Materials and Methods: The Medicine/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Chinese biomedical literature service system (SinoMed) databases were searched for the related randomized controlled trials until to the April 2016. Three different authors respectively evaluated the quality of studies and extracted data, and we used the STATA software to analyze, investigate heterogeneity between the data, using the fixed-effects model to calculate and merge data. Results: 7 papers were included the renewed meta-analysis, among these studies, two pairs were identified as representing the same study population, with the only difference being the duration of follow-up. Thus there were only five papers included our meta-analysis, and one Chinese paper were also included the work. Results were categorized by the length of follow-up, different kinds of people, varied dose of oral aspirin. The relative of adenoma in patients taking aspirin vs placebo were 0.73 (95% CI 0.55-0.98, P=0.039) with 1 year follow up; 0.84 (95% CI 0.72-0.98, P=0.484) with greater than 1 year follow up; for the advanced adenoma, the RR 0.68 (95% CI 0.49-0.94, P=0.582),for one year; RR=0.75 (95% CI 0.52-1.07, P=0.552) for greater one year. Furthermore the white population could divided into two subgroups according to the different length of follow-up time. When the length of follow-up time less than 3-year, The RR of two subgroups respective were RR=0.86 (95% CI 0.76-0.98, P=0.332), $I^2=0%$, RR=0.68 (95% CI 0.47-0.98, P=0.552), $I^2=64.6%$, But with the extension of follow-up time greater than 2-year, with the white, oral aspirin without considering dose had no efficacy on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma, the RR was 0.86 (95% CI 0.71-1.05, P=0.302), $I^2=16.4%$. Conclusions: This meta-analysis indicated that oral aspirin is associated with a remarkable decrease in the recurrence of any adenoma and advanced adenomas in patients follow-up for 1 year without concerning the dose of aspirin, but with the extension of follow-up time for greater than 1 year, oral aspirin can be effective on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma, but for the advanced adenoma, the result indicated that oral aspirin had no efficacy, According to the inclusion of ethnic groups, we also divided relevant papers into two subgroups as the yellow and white group. Then the follow-up time was less than 3 years, oral aspirin without considering the dose, had an significant efficacy on preventing the recurrence of any adenoma. But with the follow-up greater than 2 years, oral aspirin had no effect in the white.

Aromatic Compounds from the Halotolerant Fungal Strain of Wallemia sebi PXP-89 in a Hypersaline Medium

Xiao-Ping Peng,Wei-Ming Zhu,Yi Wang,Pei-Pei Liu,Kui Hong,Hao Chen,Xia Yin 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.6

A new cyclopentanopyridine alkaloid, 3-hydroxy-5-methyl-5,6-dihydro-7H-cyclopenta[b]pyridin-7-one (1), together with 11 known aromatic compounds were isolated from the secondary metabolites of the halotolerant fungal strain Wallemia sebi PXP-89 in 10% NaCl. Their structures including the absolute configurations of (2S,3S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane-2,3-diol (2), (2R,3S)-1-(4-hydroxyphenyl)butane-2,3-diol (3), and (S)-3-hydroxy-4-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-2-one (4) were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and a modified Mosher’s method. Compound 1 exhibited antimicrobial activity against Enterobacter aerogenes with a MIC of 76.7 μM. The absolute configurations of compounds 2-4 were determined for the first time.

Colorimetric Detection of Cr3+ in Aqueous Solution Based on Confunctionalized Silver Nanoparticles Modified with 4-Nitrobenzenethiol and 4-Mercaptobenzoic Acid

Zhikun Zhang,Ying Zhou,Jing-Kui Yang,Peilong Wang,Xiaoou Su,Hong Zhao,Yujian He,Zhiqin Cao,Maoqiang Luo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2015 NANO Vol.10 No.7

A new method has been proposed to realize the visual detection of Cr3+ using 4-nitrobenzenethiol (4-NBT) and 4-mercaptobenzoic acid (4-MBA) modified silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). The presence of Cr3+ induces the aggregation of AgNPs through cooperative metal–ligand interaction, resulting in a color change from bright yellow to purple. Consequently, Cr3+ could be monitored by colorimetric response of AgNPs by a UV-Vis spectrophotometer or even naked eyes. We firstly used ethylene diamine tetraacetic acid (EDTA) as a masking agent to selectively detect Cr3+, and other metal ions have little influence on the Cr3+–AgNPs system. The cofunctionalized AgNPs exhibited a highly sensitive detection limit of Cr3+, which is as low as 5 x 10-9 mol L-1, and the absorbance ratio (A600nm /A387nm) is linear with the concentration of Cr3+ ranging from 5 x 10-9 mol L-1 to 2 x 10-6 mol L-1 with a coefficient of 0.993. Particularly, the sensor has been further evaluated to monitor the concentration of Cr3+ in drinking water, the recovery was in good agreement with those obtained by ICP-MS, indicating that this proposed method is successfully applied in real samples.

Weight Gain in Pregnancy, Maternal Age and Gestational Age in Relation to Fetal Macrosomia

( Yi Li ),( Qi-fei Liu ),( Dan Zhang ),( Ying Shen ),( Kui Ye ),( Han-lin Lai ),( Hai-qing Wang ),( Chuan-lai Hu ),( Qi-hong Zhao ),( Li Li ) 한국임상영양학회 2015 Clinical Nutrition Research Vol.4 No.2

To investigate the possible risk factors related to macrosomia. Pregnant women and their newborns (n = 1041) were recruited from a cohort study in Maternal and Child Care Center of Hefei from January 2011 to July 2012. Questionnaires were applied to collect the demographic data besides the medical records. Detailed health records of the entire pregnancy were obtained using retrospective study. Meanwhile the data of neonatal outcomes was prospectively tracked. Associations between exposure risk factors and macrosomia were analyzed using Pearson’s chi squared test. Logistic regression models were used to assess the independent association between these potential predictors and macrosomia. The incidence of macrosomia of this cohort was 11.24% of which male: female = 2.55:1. Male incidence (8.07%) of macrosomia was higher than female (3.17%), p < 0.001. Body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy (pre-BMI), maternal height, parity were not independently associated with macrosomia; multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that macrosomia was mainly independently associated with weight gain in pregnancy (OR=1.14,95% CI [1.10-1.19]), maternal age (OR = 1.09,95% CI [1.03-1.15]) and gestational age (OR = 1.62,95% CI [1.31-1.99]), respectively. Our findings indicate that weight gain in pregnancy, maternal age and gestational age should be considered as independent risk factors for macrosomia.

Identification and characterization of differentially expressed miRNAs between bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot

Qun-Ying Jin,Hua-Zheng Peng,Er-Pei Lin,Nan Li,Dan-Ni Huang,Yan-Li Xu,Xi-Qi Hua,Kui-Hong Wang,Tang-Jun Zhu 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.4

As one of the largest members of Poaceae family, bamboo is a very important agricultural plant in the world. The development of bamboo shoot is very special and particularly significant to bamboo production. Understanding the developmental differences between bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot is extremely valuable for us to further elucidate the mechanism of bamboo shoot formation since both bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot develop directly from rhizome bud underground. In this paper, miRNA chips with 413 miRNA probes were used to compare miRNA expressions between bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot. The experiment revealed 64 bamboo shoot upregulated and 56 rhizome shoot up-regulated miRNAs which were classified into four major categories according to deep sequencing based target prediction. Meristem and morphological development related miRNAs were most important in bamboo shoot, especially miR171 and miR156 members. While in rhizome shoot the mainstream of miRNA expressions was metabolism and nutrition related ones, especially miR395 members. The meristem and morphological development related miRNAs in bamboo shoot showed some embryonic characteristics and suggested the participation of several phytohormones like gibberellin, cytokinin and auxin, which were absent in those miRNAs of rhizome shoot. Further qRT-PCR detections of 21 up-regulated miRNAs in bamboo seedlings indicated that 12 ones were regulated to varying degrees by some environmental factors. Among them, rhizome shoot upregulated osa-miR395b was the most environment-sensitive miRNA, particularly to dehydration. And the bamboo shoot up-regulated osa-miR399j proved uniquely and strongly induced by phosphor. The existence of multiple regulation sites from same miRNA suggested the probability of crosstalks among meristem development, metabolism and stress response during bamboo shoot and rhizome shoot development.