Hydrocolloids Decrease the Digestibility of Corn Starch, Soy Protein, and Skim Milk and the Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Juice

Yue Yi,Hyeong-Ju Jeon,Sun Yoon,Seung-Min Lee 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.20 No.4

Hydrocolloids have many applications in foods including their use in dysphagia diets. We aimed to evaluate whether hydrocolloids in foods affect the digestibility of starch and protein, and their effects on antioxidant capacity. The thickening hydrocolloids: locust bean gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gel-forming agents: agar agar, konjacglucomannan, and Hot & Soft Plus were blended with corn starch and soy protein, skim milk, or grape juice and were examined for their in vitro-digestability by comparing the reducing sugar and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptide, for antioxidant capacity by total polyphenol contents and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The hydrocolloids resulted in a decrease in starch digestibility with the gel-forming agents. Hydrocolloids diminished TCAsoluble peptides in skim milk compared to soy protein with the exception of locust bean gum and decreased free radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic contents in grape juice. Our findings may provide evidence for the use of hydrocolloids for people at risk of nutritional deficiencies such as dysphagia patients.

Research on the Current Situation of ICT Using and Learning among the Elderly in Urban China

Yue-Yi Li,Young-Hwan Pan 한국융합학회 2021 한국융합학회논문지 Vol.12 No.6

인구 고령화는 요즘 우리 사회에서 피할 수 없는 문제인데, 현재 아시아의 고령화 추세가 두드러지고 고령인구 도 어마어마한데, 이 가운데 2050년이 되면 중국 인구의 35%가 60세 이상이 돼 세계에서 가장 심각한 고령화 국가가 될 것으로 세계보건기구(WHO)는 내다보고 있다. 실제 보도와 조사에 따르면 최근 도시 생활에 급격한 기술 발달과 극적인 변화로 도시 거주 노인의 삶의 질과 정신에 부정적인 영향을 끼친 고령자와 ICT기술의 비중이 큰 디지털 격차 가 뚜렷하다. 저자는 중국 도시노인을 주요 연구 대상으로 삼았으며, 기존 문헌과 정보의 수집과 실제 데이터 연구를 통한 연구 방법, 중국 도시노인의 ICT 이용 실태에 대한 서술적 수집 및 어려움의 원인을 정리하였다.ICT를 마스터하 고 학습하기 위한 노인 사용자 대표로서 도시 노인이라는 것을 알 수 있다. 이번 연구는 고령자의 ICT 수요는 다층화돼 있고 다양한 ICT 서비스를 숙달할 수 있는 노인 이용자의 능력도 세분화돼 있어 고령자가 ICT 서비스를 보다 잘 이용 하고 즐길 수 있고 계층적이고 목표적인 방식으로 교사와 서비스를 제공할 수 있는 것이 다음 연구 방향이 될 수 있다 고 결론지었다. Population aging is an inevitable problem in our society nowadays, and the current aging trend in Asia is prominent and the number of elderly people is huge, among which the World Health Organization predicts that by 2050, 35% of China's population will be over 60 years old, making it the most serious aging country in the world. According to actual reports and surveys, there is a clear digital divide between a large proportion of the elderly and ICT technology, which has had a negative impact on the quality of life and mentality of the elderly living in cities due to the rapid development of technology and the dramatic changes that have occurred in urban life in recent years. The author chose Chinese urban elderly as the main research topic, the research method through the collation of existing literature and information combined with the actual data research, narrative collation of the current situation of ICT use among the Chinese urban elderly and the causes of the difficulties, summarize the ability of the Chinese urban elderly as the representative of the elderly users to master and learn ICT. The study concluded that the needs of the elderly for ICT are multi-layered and there is a gradation in the ability of the elderly users to master various ICT services, so that the elderly can better use and enjoy ICT services and provide teaching and services in a hierarchical and targeted manner can be the next research direction.

Effects of Green Tea on Blood Pressure and Hypertension-induced Cardiovascular Damage in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rat

Yue-Rong Liang,Shi-Cheng Ma,Xin-Qiang Zheng,Jing-Yi Xu,Ming-Yan Wu,Yi-Wen Luo,Xian-Yang Luo,Jian-Liang Lu 한국식품과학회 2011 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.20 No.1

Three groups of spontaneously hypertensive rats were administered by gavage with distilled water (control group), low-dose green tea (LGT, 0.2 g/kg BW·day) and high-dose green tea (HGT, 1.0 g/kg BW·day) for 4 weeks,during which systolic blood pressure (SBP) was measured weekly by non-invasive tail-cuff method. At the end of experiment, left ventricular hypertrophy index (LHVI) and plasma biochemical indicators were determined, and ultrastructures of myocardium and aortic vascular smooth muscle cells were observed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The results show that green tea gavage suppressed the increase in SBP, along with decline in levels of plasma nitric oxide, aldosterone, malondialdehyde, and LHVI, but increased levels of plasma creatinine, calcitonin gene-related peptide, and glutathione peroxidase in a dose dependant manner. Green tea had no effect on plasma total cholesterol. TEM shows that green tea gavage protected mitochondria of left ventricular myocardium and aortic vascular smooth muscle cells from damage.

Hydrocolloids Decrease the Digestibility of Corn Starch, Soy Protein, and Skim Milk and the Antioxidant Capacity of Grape Juice

Yi, Yue,Jeon, Hyeong-Ju,Yoon, Sun,Lee, Seung-Min The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2015 Preventive Nutrition and Food Science Vol.20 No.4

Hydrocolloids have many applications in foods including their use in dysphagia diets. We aimed to evaluate whether hydrocolloids in foods affect the digestibility of starch and protein, and their effects on antioxidant capacity. The thickening hydrocolloids: locust bean gum and carboxymethyl cellulose, and the gel-forming agents: agar agar, konjacglucomannan, and Hot & Soft Plus were blended with corn starch and soy protein, skim milk, or grape juice and were examined for their in vitro-digestability by comparing the reducing sugar and trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-soluble peptide, for antioxidant capacity by total polyphenol contents and the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity. The hydrocolloids resulted in a decrease in starch digestibility with the gel-forming agents. Hydrocolloids diminished TCA-soluble peptides in skim milk compared to soy protein with the exception of locust bean gum and decreased free radical scavenging capacities and total phenolic contents in grape juice. Our findings may provide evidence for the use of hydrocolloids for people at risk of nutritional deficiencies such as dysphagia patients.

Whitening and inhibiting NF- B-mediated infl ammation properties of the biotransformed green ginseng berry of new cultivar K1, ginsenoside Rg2 enriched, on B16 and LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells

Xing Yue Xu,Eun Seob Yi,Chang Ho Kang,Ying Liu,Yeong-Geun Lee,Han Sol Choi,Hyun Bin Jang,Yue Huo,Nam In Baek,Deok Chun Yang,Yeon Ju Kim 고려인삼학회 2021 Journal of Ginseng Research Vol.45 No.6

Background: Main bioactive constituents and pharmacological functions of ripened red ginseng berry(Panax ginseng Meyer) have been frequently reported. Yet, the research gap targeting the beneficial activitiesof transformed green ginseng berries has not reported elsewhere. Methods: Ginsenosides of new green berry cultivar K-1 (GK-1) were identified by HPLC-QTOF/MS. Ginsenosidesbioconversion in GK-1 by bgp1 enzyme was confirmed with HPLC and TLC. Then, mechanismsof GK-1 and b-glucosidase (bgp1) biotransformed GK-1 (BGK-1) were determined by QuantitativeReverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction and Western blot. Results: GK-1 possesses highest ginsenosides especially ginsenoside-Re amongst seven ginseng cultivarsincluding (Chunpoong, Huangsuk, Kumpoong, K-1, Honkaejong, Gopoong, and Yunpoong). Ginseng root’sbiomass is not affected with the harvest of GK-1 at 3 weeks after flowering period. Then, Re is bioconvertedinto a promising pharmaceutical effect of Rg2 via bgp1. According to the results of cell assays,BGK-1 shows decrease of tyrosinase and melanin content in a-melanocyte-stimulating hormonechallenged-murine melanoma B16 cells. BGK-1 which is comparatively more effective than GK-1 extractshows significant suppression of the nuclear factor (NF)-kB activation and inflammatory target genes, inLPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells. Conclusion: These results reported effective whitening and anti-inflammatory of BGK-1 as compared toGK-1.

Reasoning and fuzzy comprehensive assessment methods based CAD system for boiler intelligent design

Yue-xi Yu,Hong-kai Liao,Yi Zhou,Wei Zhong 대한기계학회 2015 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.29 No.3

Boilers are key industrial equipment in the field of modern manufacturing. In this study, rule-based reasoning (RBR) and case-basedreasoning (CBR) are applied into the boiler intelligent design. RBR is adopted to perform like a “sieve” for the acquisition of candidatestructure modules. Then, fuzzy comprehensive assessment method is used to select an optimal structure module among the candidates. The optimal structure module is subjected to the CBR process, which includes modification and case retention. It is a minor adjustmentprocess that needs a great amount of prior knowledge. The case retention process gives the system a self-enrich function, which will improvethe design ability of the system with continuous use of the system. A case study is presented to validate the correctness and efficiencyof proposed method.

Olfactory Emotional Responses of Chinese People to Korean Citrus unshiu Scent - Infused Fabrics Depending on Fragrance Intensity and Color Variables

( Yue Wu ),( Sarmandakh Badmaanyambuu ),( Eunjou Yi ) 한국감성과학회 2017 한국감성과학회 국제학술대회(ICES) Vol.2017 No.-

This study was performed to investigate emotional responses of Chinese people to Korean Citrus unshiu scent -infused cotton fabric and to examine the effect of fragrance intensity and color variables of fabrics on it. A cotton fabric was colored in 2 hues (Yellow, Green) X 3 tones (strong, pale, grayish) combinations for color variables and thereafter it was treated by microcapsules containing Korean Citrus unshiu oil to infuse the scent by rubbing. Thirty two Chinese students at Jeju National University in Korea were invited in the olfactory experience and they were asked to rate the olfactory emotional terms including ‘Strong, ‘Fresh’, ‘Sweet’, ‘Soft’, ‘Comfort’, and ‘Natural’, and the fragrance preference depicted as ‘Like’. As results, fragrance intensity was found to give effect on the intervention of color variables in olfactory emotion of Chinese people. When lower intensity of scent was presented, tone as a color variable was revealed as more dominant on olfactory emotion including ‘Fresh’, ‘Sweet’, ‘Soft’, ‘Comfort’, and ‘Natural’ in that pale-toned fabrics seemed to give rise to higher scores for the emotion terms than the other tones. On the contrary the hue was likely not to affect the olfactory emotion although green is slightly higher in the scores than yellow. Finally olfactory preference was higher for pale and Green and it was the most positively correlated with ‘Fresh’ and ‘Comfort’. These results could be utilized in expecting Chinese consumers’ emotion for Korean Citrus unshiu scent - infused textile products.

Leaky-Wave Antennas Based on Noncutoff Substrate Integrated Waveguide Supporting Beam Scanning From Backward to Forward

Yue-Long Lyu,Xiao-Xin Liu,Peng-Yuan Wang,Erni, Daniel,Qun Wu,Cong Wang,Nam-Young Kim,Fan-Yi Meng Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers 2016 IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation Vol.64 No.6

<P>In this paper, we propose an approach to realize substrate integrated waveguide (SIW)-based leaky-wave antennas (LWAs) supporting continuous beam scanning from backward to forward above the cutoff frequency. First, through phase delay analysis, it was found that SIWs with straight transverse slots support backward and forward radiation of the -1-order mode with an open-stopband (OSB) in between. Subsequently, by introducing additional longitudinal slots as parallel components, the OSB can be suppressed, leading to continuous beam scanning at least from -40 degrees through broadside to 35 degrees. The proposed method only requires a planar structure and obtains less dispersive beam scanning compared with a composite right/left-handed (CRLH) LWA. Both simulations and measurements verify the intended beam scanning operation while verifying the underlying theory.</P>

중국 윈난성 뎬츠(滇池)보호에서의 공중참여에 관한 연구 : 자원동원이론의 시각으로

Yi-Hua Wen,Yue Sun,Ming Liu 한국환경사회학회 2019 환경사회학연구 ECO Vol.23 No.2

This research takes the private environment organization--Green Kunming as an example, to explore the growth of resources by mobilization. The study includes a public participation activity--Protecting Lake Denz, the largest lake in Kunming, Yunnan Province. To ensure this organization survive and thrive, we must have sufficient resources and are able to mobilize them. This study focuses on the development of Green Kunming ancestry conservation activities based on institutional resources, financial resources, human resources and social resources. These resources are organically integrated with each other and are characterized by collective actions. The survey results show that Green Kunming is limited by institutional resources, but this is also a prerequisite for obtaining legitimacy and obtaining new resources. Financial resources are mainly funded by private fund meetings. and these funds are a major participatory survival method including projects. In mobilizing human resources, the members are mainly volunteers. Doing this will ensure the sustainability of group development, promote the formation of social capital, and fully mobilize new media as a social resource. This study aims to determine the growth of citizens in our society, and hope to use it as an indicator to measure the degree of the political structure openness to the Chinese public participation and the degree of democratization in the public sphere. 본 연구는 중국 윈난성 쿤밍시에서 가장 큰 호수인 뎬츠(滇池)에 대한 보호를 비롯한 공중의 참여활동 중에서 민간 환경단체-녹색곤명을 사례로, 자원동원론의 시각으로 참여과정에 자원을 어떻게 동원하면서 성장하였는가를 살펴본다. 단체가 생존하고 성장하려면 다양한 자원을 소유함과 아울러 자원을 충분히 동원하여야 한다. 이런 자원들은 또 서로 유기적으로 결합되면서 단체활동 전개의 특성을 가진다. 본고에서는 자원을 동원하기 위한 전제조건, 재정적 자원, 인적 자원, 사회적 자원을 토대로 뎬츠보호의 주요한 행위주체‒녹색곤명의 뎬츠보호 활동의 전개에 대한 분석이 중심을 이룬다. 연구결과 녹색곤명은 합법적인 지위를 취득하여 새로운 자원을 얻을 수 있는 정치적 기회구조를 확충하고, 재정적 자원은 주로 민간 기금회의 자금 지원을 통해 얻는데 이러한 자금조달은 프로젝트를 비롯한 참여방식이 된다. 인적 자원의 동원을 볼때 구성원은 주로 자원봉사자들인데 이러한 특성은 인력동원이 용이하고 자발적으로 활동할 수 있으며 단체 발전의 지속성을 보장하며, 사회자본의 형성을촉진할 수 있다. 사회적 자원으로는 주로 뉴미디어를 활용했는데 전파속도가빠르고 전파범위가 넓어서 공론장의 형성을 촉진하였다. 이러한 현상을 통해중국에서 공중참여에 대한 제도적 보장은 이미 갖춰져 있고, 정치적 기회 구조는 질적으로 변화하고 있으며, 정부의 집권이념의 변화가 시민사회의 성장을추진하고 있다는 결론을 얻을 수 있었다.

Different Catabolism Pathways Triggered by Various Methylxanthines in Caffeine-Tolerant Bacterium Pseudomonas putida CT25 Isolated from Tea Garden Soil

( Yi-xiao Ma ),( Xiao-han Wu ),( Hui-shi Wu ),( Zhan-bo Dong ),( Jian-hui Ye ),( Xin-qiang Zheng ),( Yue-rong Liang ),( Jian-liang Lu ) 한국미생물생명공학회(구 한국산업미생물학회) 2018 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.28 No.7

The degradation efficiency and catabolism pathways of the different methylxanthines (MXs) in isolated caffeine-tolerant strain Pseudomonas putida CT25 were comprehensively studied. The results showed that the degradation efficiency of various MXs varied with the number and position of the methyl groups on the molecule (i.e., xanthine > 7-methylxanthine ≈ theobromine > caffeine > theophylline > 1-methylxanthine). Multiple MX catabolism pathways coexisted in strain CT25, and a different pathway would be triggered by various MXs. Demethylation dominated in the degradation of N-7-methylated MXs (such as 7- methylxanthine, theobromine, and caffeine), where C-8 oxidation was the major pathway in the catabolism of 1-methylxanthine, whereas demethylation and C-8 oxidation are likely both involved in the degradation of theophylline. Enzymes responsible for MX degradation were located inside the cell. Both cell culture and cell-free enzyme assays revealed that N-1 demethylation might be a rate-limiting step for the catabolism of the MXs. Surprisingly, accumulation of uric acid was observed in a cell-free reaction system, which might be attributed to the lack of activity of uricase, a cytochrome c-coupled membrane integral enzyme.