최봉윤의 국어 교과서 연구 - 「初等한글敎科書」를 중심으로

윤금선(Yeun Keum-sun) 어문연구학회 2018 어문연구 Vol.97 No.-

이 연구에서는 1943년도 미주 지역에서 발간된 최봉윤의「初等한글敎科書」의 수록상을 고찰하는 데 목적을 두었다. 최봉윤은 일제강점기 미주 한인사회에서 정치적 · 교육적인 활동을 전개하며 지도자적 삶을 산 인물이다. 그는 1938년 도미 직후부터 국어학교 교사를 담당하고 ‘대한인국민회’의 국어 교과서 편찬에도 참여했다. 특히 캘리포니아대학 동양어학부에서 최초의 한인 교수로서 조선어 교육을 담당하였으며, 대학생 대상의 한국어 교재로는 처음이라 할 수 있는「初等한글敎科書」를 발간했다는 점이 주목된다. 이 교과서는 한국어 초보자를 위한 교재로서 말하기, 읽기, 쓰기 등의 한국어 기초를 다루고 있다. 이 교재는 다음과 같이 총 3부로 구성되었다. 즉 1부 1강에서 5강까지는 한글 기초편과 단어, 그리고 간단한 문장 등이 수록되었으며, 2부 6강에서 30강까지는 이야기, 방문 및 물건 거래 등에서의 대화법 등을 다루고 있다. 마지막 3부는 중고급자를 위한 부분으로 총 14개의 강의로 구성되어 있으며, 이광수, 이윤재, 김윤경, 주요한 등, 당대 국내 유명 문필가가 집필한 조선 역사와 지리, 풍습, 문학 내용 등을 담고 있다. 보다시피 이 교재의 장별 구성은 한글 기초편부터 중고급 수준으로 난이도를 높여가는 체재이다.「初等한글敎科書」는 한인 대상인 아닌 미국 대학생을 겨냥한 초급 정도의 조선어 교과서에 해당된다. 이 교과서 발간 이전까지 미주 한인사회에서 발간된 국어 교과서는 주로 한인 아동을 대상으로 한 교재였다. 그러나「初等한글敎科書」는 캘리포니아대학 한국어 정규 과목 교재로서, 미주에서 발간된 최초의 대학생 한국어 교과서이다. 이런 점에서 국어교육사적으로 가치가 높은 자료라 하겠다. This paper is associated with Korean reader : a textbook for beginners (1943) witten Choe Bong-Yun in the United States of America during the Japan Occupation. Choe Bong-Yun lived a leadership life by developing political and educational activities in Korean society of the America during the Japanese occupation. He went to the United States in 1938 and worked as a teacher in Korean language schools and participated in the compilation of Korean textbooks led by the Korean National Association, In particular, he is the first Korean professor at the University of California at Berkeley. He has taught Korean language for many years at the Department of Oriental Languages, and It is noteworthy that he has published Korean reader : a textbook for beginners for college students The aim of this book is to facilitate the students first steps in speaking, reading, and writing Korean. Korean Reader-A Beginner is divided into three section. The first section, lessons one to five, includes Hangul Basics, vocabulary, and simple sentences. the second section, lessons six to thirty, includes stories, visiting and shopping conversations, etc. and the third section is for advanced students contains fourteen lessons, made up of slections from History of Korea, Geography, custom, literature of the outstanding Korean writers, such as Yi Gang-su, Yi Yeun-jae, Kim Yeun-gyeong, ana ju yeo-Han. The configuration by chapter arranged in the way of being getting hard on as they proceed by taking phased in-depth study composition. Korean reader : a textbook for beginners is a Korean textbook showing the level of beginner level aimed at American college students who are not Korean. Also, before the publication of this textbook, Korean textbooks published in the America were mainly textbooks for children. However, this textbook is a Korean textbook for university students. This is significant because it is the first Korean language book for overseas college students published in the Americas.

Microstructure and High Temperature Oxidation Property of Fe-Cr-B Based Metal/Ceramic Composite Manufactured by Powder Injection Molding Process

Yeun‑Ah Joo,Young‑Kyun Kim,윤태식,Kee‑Ahn Lee 대한금속·재료학회 2018 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.24 No.2

This study investigated the microstructure and high temperature oxidation property of Fe–Cr–B metal/ceramic compositemanufactured using powder injection molding process. Observations of initial microstructure showed a unique structurewhere α-Fe and (Cr, Fe)2B form a continuous three-dimensional network. High temperature oxidation tests were performedat 900, 1000 and 1100 °C, for 24 h, and the oxidation weight gain according to each temperature condition was 0.13, 0.84and 6.4 mg/cm2, respectively. The oxidation results according to time at 900 and 1000 °C conditions represented paraboliccurves, and at 1100 °C condition formed a rectilinear curve. Observation and phase analysis results of the oxides identifiedCr2O3and SiO2at 900 and 1000 °C. In addition to Cr2O3and SiO2,CrBO3and FeCr2O4formed due to phase decompositionof boride were identified at 1100 °C. Based on the findings above, this study suggested the high temperature oxidationmechanism of Fe–Cr–B metal/ceramic composite manufactured using powder injection molding, and the possibility of itsapplication as a high temperature component material was also discussed.

유아의 인성 함양을 위한 협력학습 활동 프로그램의 평가 연구

이윤옥 서원대학교 교육연구소 1998 敎育發展 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the cooperative learning activity (CLA) program for children. This CLA program for children were developed by Lee Yeun-Ok for the purpose of the encouragement the children's positive personality traits. The subjects of the experimental group were 28 children and the subjects of the control group were 24 children. CLA program was carried out as a whole class activity for one mixed age (3, 4, 5 year old) preschool class for 20 weeks as a experimental group. In this study, four hypothesis were proposed as follows. hypothesis 1 : CLA program group will show higher popularity scores than control group. hypothesis 2 : CLA program group will show higher degree of the number of friend than control group. hypothesis 3 : CLA program group will show higher prosocial behavior scores than control group. hypothesis 4 : CLA program group will show higher school adjustment scores than control group. The outcome of this study were as follows : 1) The hypothesis 1 was rejected. 2) The hypotheses 2, 3, 4 were accepted. These outcome of this study suggest that the CLA Program was effective for the developing the children's positive personaliting traits.

Vinblastine이 백서 배양 Type-1 별아교세포에 미치는 세포독성에 관한 연구

하상호,박승택,문연자,김종영,김정중,정연태 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1994 圓光醫科學 Vol.10 No.1-2

It has been reported that vinblastine, anticancer drug, is a neuroteratogen inducing various neural malformations such as microcephaly and neural tube defect(NTD), but the study on the toxicity of neuroglial cells, especially type-1 astrocytes using culture system is not well established. In order to evaluate the cytotoxicity of vinblastine on cultured type-1 astrocytes of neonatal rat brain in vitro. MTT assay and also light and electron microscopic studies were carried out. The results were as follows: 1. MTT_90 and MTT_50 in cultured type-1 astrocytes were 1×10 exp (-1) μM and 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine, respectively. 2. Vinblastine was highly toxic in cultured type-1 astrocytes(MTT_50 ≤ 100 μM). 3. In a light microscopy, cultured type-1 astrocytes showed decrease of cells in number, cytoplasmic perforation, vacuolization and cytoplasmic granulation after cultured type-1 astrocytes were treated with 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine for 24 hours. Cultured type-1 astrocytes damaged by vinblastine showed degenerative changes of cells morphologically. 4. In an electron microscopy, increment of glial fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP), increased free-ribosomes, cisternal dilatation of rough endoplasmic reticulum (rER). few dense bodies and vacuoles were shown in cultured type-1 astrocytes treated with 1×10 exp (2)μM of vinblastine for 24 hours. The results indicate that vinblastine has markedly cytotoxic effect on the type-1 astrocytes of neonatal rat brain in vitro study.

생쥐의 卵子와 初期胚子에 對한 Clomiphene Citrate의 細胞毒性에 關한 硏究

金惠敬,潘勝一,金洋一,文蓮子,朴承澤,鄭然泰 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 1993 圓光醫科學 Vol.9 No.1-2

In order to elucidate the cytotoxicity of clomiphene citrate, the rate of in vitro fertilization(IVF) of ova and the developmental rate of early embroys in A-strain mouse were examined. The rate of ova cleavaging to 2-cell stage by IVF was remarkably decreased(12.6%) at the concentration of 10μg/㎖ of clomiphene than that of the control(65.2%) when the ova fertilized in vitro were cultured for 24 hours in the untreated medium after treatment ova with clomiphene for 5 hrs. But there was no ovum cleavaging to 2-cell stage at 50μg/㎖ clomiphene except only a few 2-polar bodied ova. The developmental rate of mouse early embryos was decreased dose-dependently. Especially at 25μg/㎖ of clomiphene, the number of embryos cleavaging to blastocyst from 2-cell stage(41.4%) was decreased remarkably compared with that of the control(87.2%). And only a few embryos were developed to 8-cell stage at clomiphene concentration of 50μg/㎖ after 2-cell embryos were incubated for 72 hours in clomiphene-treated medium. Morphological changes such as fragmentation and fusion of blastomeres, cytolysis and developmental retardation were increased with dose-dependently. These results suggest that clomiphene has cytotoxic effect by the decrease of the rate of IVF, the developmental rate and the degenerative changes of murine ova and early embryos.

한국인 성인의 교근 두께에 관한 초음파검사적 연구

이연희,차봉근,박인우 대한치과교정학회 2001 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.31 No.2

일반적으로 골의 형태와 구조는 부착 근육의 활성과 밀접한 관련이 있다고 알려져 있으며,특히 악안면 형태와 저작근 기능과의 관계는 많은 임상 및 동물 실험을 통해 연구되어 왔다. 초음파검사는 임상적 적용이 용이하고 비용이 저렴할 뿐만 아니라 환자에 대한 유해성이 적어 의학분야의 여러 영역에서 널리 이용되고 있다. 이 연구의 목적은 교근의 두께와 악안면 골격 형태와의 상관성을 평가하는 것으로, 강릉대학교 치과대학 남학생 35명과 여학생 15명을 대상으로 하였다. 교근의 두께 측정에는 7.57MHz의 고해상도 직선 탐촉자에 의한 초음파진단장치가 사용되었고, 악안면 골격 형태의 결정은 측방 두부계측방사선사진 분석을 통해 이루어졌다. 이상의 계측치로부터 얻어진 결론은 다음과 같다. 1.남자에서 교근의 평균 두께는 안정 상태에서는 13.8±1.71mm,최대 교합 상태에서 14.8±1.77mm였으며 여자에서는 안정 상태에서 11.6±1.58mm, 최대 교합 상태에서 12.4±1.47mm로 나타났다. 2.교근의 두께는 남녀모두 안정 상태보다 최대 교합 상태에서 유의하게 증가하였다(P<0.05). 3.교근의 두께는 안정 상태와 최대 교합 상태 모두에서 남자가 여자보다 유의하게 두꺼웠다(P<0.05). 4.교근의 두께는 남자에서 안정 상태와 최대 교합 상태 모두 하악평면각과는 음의 상관 관계가 있고 하악지 고경, 전두개저 길이와는 양의 상관 관계가 있음을 알 수 있었다(P<0.05). 5.여자에서는 교근 두께와 유의한 상관 관계가 있는 두부계측방사선사진 분석 항목을 찾을 수 없었다(P<0.05), 이로써 초음파검사는 악골 근육의 기능을 평가하는 전통적인 방법에 대해 추가적인 정보를 제공해 줄 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. It is widely accepted that the shape and structure of bone are closely related to the activity of attached muscle. Numerous clinical and animal experimental studies indicated the significant effects of masticatory muscle function on maxillofacial mofhology. Recently, the development of ultrasonography has spread throughout different fields of medicine. In the clinical examinations, ultrasonography is a convenient, inexpensive technique to apply with accurate and reliable results. The aim of this study is to assess the thickness of the masseter muscle and its correlation to maxillofacial skeleton by examining 35 male and 15 female dental students at Kangnung National University. The masseter muscle thickness of the subjects were measured by ultrasonographic scanning with a 7.5MHz linear probe, and their maxillofacial morphology were investigated by lateral cephalometric radiographs. The relationship between the masseter muscle thickness and maxillofacial morphology of normal adult was statistically analyzed, and the following results were obtained. 1.The average thickness of male masseter muscle was 13.8± 1.71mm in the relaxed state and 14.8 ± 1.77mm at maximal clenching state, while that of female was 11.6±1.58mm and 12.4±1.47mm, respectively. Ethnic difference in thickness of the masseter muscle and maxillofacial skeleton was found when the results of many researchers were compared with those of this study. 2.The thickness of the masseter muscle in both sexes increased significantly at maximal clenching state than in relaxed state(P<0.05). 3.The masseter muscle thickness of male was greater than that of female both in the relaxed state and maximal clenching states(P<0.05). 4.In males, the thickness of the masseter muscle was negatively correlated with the mandibular plane angle and positively correlated wish the mandibular ramus height and antenor cranial base length(P<0.05). It may suggest that the male with thicker masseter muscle has smaller facial divergence. 5.No significant correlation was found between the masseter muscle thickness and maxillofacial morphology in females(P<0.05). Therefore, these data suggest that ultrasonography can add valuable information to the conventional examinations of masseter muscle function.

DADAISM과 李箱文學

具然軾 東亞大學校 1967 東亞論叢 Vol.4 No.-

It mat be safely said that Korean literature took a turn for the modern from the classic with Lee Injik's first attempt in "new" and Choi Namsun's "new-styled" poetry, which appeared in 1905 and 1908 respectively. After that, stimulated by their example, a number literary journals such as "Changjo", "Paehuh", "Baekjo", and "KAP" were created one by one, coming in and going out of the literary scene. It was not, howeverm util 1931 when Yi Sang wrote "A Bird's-eye View" that Korean literature entered a modern era in the true sense of the word. This epock-making work was characterized by Dadaism which was initiated in Switzland in 1914. In this paper I attempted to provide a key to a proper understanding of his difficult work by way of groping into the background of his time, jis character, to raise a crucial question, "Why did he introduce Dadaism in his art?" As part of this scheme, particularly I endeavoured to illustrate the fact we cannot discuss him reasonably without understanding the essential characteristics of Dadaism. August, 1967.

협력학습을 통한 인성교육 프로그램 개발

이윤옥,박신용 서원대학교 교육연구소 1998 敎育發展 Vol.1998 No.17

The purpose of this study was to develop the effective personality education program with cooperative learning strategies. This program was based on the socio-moral development theories and was connected with the attempt to combine two traditions of representation study : Piagetian symbolic representation approach and Vygotskian Semiotic mediantion approach. The objectives of this program was the improve the children's personality traitis as follows : altruistic behavior, the ability of emotional-awarness and problem-solving ability. The contents of the program was compose by 4 sub-areas as follows : Responsibility, Interpersonal problem solving skills (friendship skills, cooperation skills, compassion skills, compassion skills,) Self-esteem, Empathy. The effect of the program will be tested empirically.

居延漢簡校釋

한연석 한국중국문화학회 2000 中國學論叢 Vol.9 No.-

遠今, 居延舊簡文字勞干, 陳直兩人之手略爲考也. 是以本考將居延新簡文字之中, 擇未釋竣須補釋者十餘宇而作考也. "驪乘"之"乘"爲"馬之假借 指轄馬, "決有鼻"之"決"爲"羅"之假借, 指馬之霧也. "?"?"之"?"의指鵠而言. "?"爲"正"之假借, 開指"射的"也. "驚糖多康"之"驚"爲警之假借, 指戒備, "康"爲"積"之省寫, 擔穀之皮, 文義在乾糧中多混種也. "雜力不龍相....兼部相去城遠"之"擔"爲"氣勢, 氣力"之義. "相", "隨"也. "兼"有"同"義, "部"爲"借"(今之皓)之假借, 文義在某人無氣力 以使某人皓禁人去城遠也. "以牛昇備"之"昇"爲"委託", "備"爲"收藏",文義在以牛委藏于某人. "累"與"飾"皆有"重"義, 是以, "過罪累船"指"過罪重墨"而言也. "傭"爲"奇"之假借, 指"不正規者"業"不正當者"也. "還到隨傭過"指由私事不準到隨之規. "數屯少百八十"之"數"爲"縮"之假借, 指引取, "屯"有"厚"義也. 文義在引取厚小者百八十. "請令良以 邦勳톤論"之" 努爲"漸"之假借, "敎"疑以爲"差, 欠差"之義, 文義在使良漸備差者也. "緖評可美"之" 努爲"新"之假借, 文義在(罪人之)新首不要待長時.

유치거리 분석을 통한 도시공원의 적정배치에 관한 연구

류연수,나정화,도후조 慶北大學校農業科學技術硏究所 2002 慶北大農學誌 Vol.20 No.-

The purpose of this study is to analysis of disposition distance of city park for the plan of suitable arrangement of city park based on the date examining Daegu Metropolitan City. The results of this study are as follows. 1) The result of analysis of population density as the case of districts, it appeared highly in city center area which Seo-Gu district and Nam-Gu district besides Jung-Gu district. However, it apperared in a low Buk-Gu district, Dong-Gu district and Salseong-Gun. 2) The result of analysis of population density as the case of regions, it appeared very highly Joukjun-Dong of Dalseo-Gu district(31,554per/㎢), Naedang-Dong of Seo-Gu district(29,922per/㎢). However it appeared in a low YeugaoMaen(85per/㎢) and Gachang-Maen(94per/㎢) of Dalseong-Gun. The regions where the population density is high have very low green space and live a lot of low income layer. 3) The result of analysis of disposition distance, in the case of children park, it appeared an intensive distribution in Dongcheon-Dong and Guam-Dong of Buk-Gu district, Whanggm-Dong and Dusan-Dong of Suseong-Gu district, Sangin-Dong and Yeongasn-Dong and Walsung-Dong of Dalseo-Gu district. however, it appeared in a low in Jung-Gu district. The case of urban park of the neighboring area, it appeared the most in Dalseo-Gu district except 2 parks in Jung-Gu district, the case of urban park of the walking area, it apperared in equality in city. 4) In conclusion, the area have population density and lots of low income layer, is in out of disposition distance should be considered in first for city park plan.