Nephroprotective effect of astaxanthin against trivalent inorganic arsenic-induced renal injury in wistar rats

Xiaona Wang,Haiyuan Zhao,Yilan Shao,Pei Wang,Yanru Wei,Weiqian Zhang,Jing Jiang,Yan Chen,Zhigang Zhang 한국영양학회 2014 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.8 No.1

Inorganic arsenic (iAs) is a toxic metalloid found ubiquitously in the environment. In humans, exposure to iAs can result in toxicity and cause toxicological manifestations. Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been used in the treatment for acute promyelocytic leukemia. The kidney is the critical target organ of trivalent inorganic As (iAs<SUP>Ⅲ</SUP>) toxicity. We examine if oral administration of astaxanthin (AST) has protective effects on nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by As2O3 exposure (via intraperitoneal injection) in rats. Markers of renal function, histopathological changes, Na<SUP>+</SUP>-K<SUP>+</SUP> ATPase, sulfydryl, oxidative stress, and As accumulation in kidneys were evaluated as indicators of As2O3 exposure. AST showed a significant protective effect against As2O3-induced nephrotoxicity. These results suggest that the mechanisms of action, by which AST reduces nephrotoxicity, may include antioxidant protection against oxidative injury and reduction of As accumulation. These findings might be of therapeutic benefit in humans or animals suffering from exposure to iAs<SUP>Ⅲ</SUP> from natural sources or cancer therapy.

Transmission Matrix Noise Elimination for an Optical Disordered Medium

Lin Wang,Yangyan Li,Yu Xin,Jue Wang,Yanru Chen 한국광학회 2019 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.3 No.6

We propose a method to eliminate the noise of a disordered medium optical transmission matrix. Gaussian noise exists whenever light passes through the medium, during the measurement of the transmission matrix and thus cannot be ignored. Experiments and comparison of noise eliminating before and after are performed to illustrate the effectiveness and advance presented by our method. After noise elimination, the results of focusing and imaging are better than the effect before noise elimination, and the measurement of the transmission matrix is more consistent with the theoretical analysis as well.

Sodium Alginate-Assisted Synthesis of PdAg Bimetallic Nanoparticles and their Enhanced Activity for Electrooxidation of Ethanol

Yanru Yin,Changna Wen,Ning Ma,Baoyan Wang,Lianying Zhang,Hongliang Li,Peizhi Guo 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2019 NANO Vol.14 No.9

Palladium and palladium-silver bimetallic nanocrystals have been synthesized hydrothermally by using environmental-friendly sodium alginate as the stabilizer and reducing agent. The pure palladium nanoparticles were spherical-like possibly due to the principle of the lowest surface energy, however, the formation of bimetallic palladium-silver nanoparticles was much more complicated, which was thinner and more irregular nanostructures than pure palladium nanoparticles. Electrochemical measurements showed that the electrocatalytic activity toward ethanol oxidation was increased first with the increase of silver content in bimetallic nanoparticles, from pure palladium of around 1070 mA/mg, to PdAg-20 of 1160 mA/mg and to PdAg-10 of 1750 mA/mg, and declined greatly at a high content of silver, approximately 279 mA/mg. Electrochemical stability test showed that PdAg-10 and PdAg-5 were the best and worst among four palladium-based samples, respectively. Based on the experimental data, the formation mechanism of pure palladium and palladium-silver bimetallic nanoparticles and the structure-property relationship of these samples have been discussed.

DSLA: Dynamic Sampling Localization Algorithm Based on Virtual Anchor Node

( Yanru Chen ),( Bingshu Yan ),( Liangxiong Wei ),( Min Guo ),( Feng Yin ),( Qian Luo ),( Wei Wang ),( Liangyin Chen ) 한국인터넷정보학회 2019 KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Syst Vol.13 No.10

Compared with the localization methods in the static sensor networks, node localization in dynamic sensor networks is more complicated due to the mobility of the nodes. Dynamic Sampling Localization Algorithm Based on Virtual Anchor (DSLA) is proposed in this paper to localize the unknown nodes in dynamic sensor networks. Firstly, DSLA algorithm predicts the speed and movement direction of nodes to determine a sector sampling area. Secondly, a method of calculating the sampling quantity with the size of the sampling area dynamically changing is proposed in this paper. Lastly, the virtual anchor node, i.e., the unknown node that got the preliminary possible area (PLA), assists the other unknown nodes to reduce their PLAs. The last PLA is regarded as a filtering condition to filter out the conflicting sample points quickly. In this way, the filtered sample is close to its real coordinates. The simulation results show that the DSLA algorithm can greatly improve the positioning performance when ensuring the execution time is shorter and the localization coverage rate is higher. The localization error of the DSLA algorithm can be dropped to about 20%.

Ghost Imaging with Different Speckle Sizes of Thermal Light

Jue Wang,Renlong Yu,Yu Xin,Yanming Shao,Yanru Chen,Qi Zhao 한국광학회 2016 Current Optics and Photonics Vol.20 No.1

In this paper, we theoretically and experimentally analyze the impact of speckle size of pseudo-thermallight source on ghost imaging. A larger size of speckle can bring improvements in SNR and visibility. At the same time, the edge blur of the retrieved image will become more serious. We also present a setupwhich can mitigate the edge blur of larger speckle while maintaining the advantages of higher SNR andvisibility by changing the speckle size of the object beam with a concave lens.

Does urbanization impact the municipal infrastructure operation GHG emission? According to a systematic estimation framework

Peng Wang,Yanru Pu 서울시립대학교 도시과학연구원 2021 도시과학국제저널 Vol.25 No.4

Under the unprecedentedly rapid urbanization development in China, municipal infrastructure GHG emission becomes substantially significant nowadays. Thus, this study evaluated the entire IOE (Municipal infrastructure operation GHG emission) and explored the impacts of urbanization on IOE using the dataset from 2001 to 2010 in Suzhou city. The calculation results showed that the total IOE increased during 2001–2006 but declined during 2006–2010, garbage disposal was the biggest emitter in municipal infrastructures. It has also been found that demographic urbanization and land urbanization were both positively correlated to IOE. In consensus with previous studies, GRDP (Gross regional domestic product) per capita and energy intensity, respectively, exert positive and negative impacts on IOE. Based on these conclusions, policy implications for IOE reduction have been suggested.

Impact of feeding regimens on the composition of gut microbiota and metabolite profiles of plasma and feces from Mongolian sheep

Bohui Wang,Yulong Luo,Rina Su,Duo Yao,Yanru Hou,Chang Liu,Rui Du,Ye Jin 한국미생물학회 2020 The journal of microbiology Vol.58 No.6

Mongolian sheep are an indigenous ruminant raised for wool and meat production in China. The gut microbial community plays an important role in animal performance and metabolism. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of two feeding regimens on the diversity and composition of gut microbiota and metabolite profiles of feces and plasma from Mongolian sheep. A total of 20 Mongolian sheep were assigned to one of two feeding regimens: free grazing (FG) and barn confinement (BC). When samples were collected, the average live weights of the sheep were 31.28 ± 1.56 kg and 34.18 ± 1.87 kg for the FG and BC groups, respectively. At the genus level, the FG group showed higher levels of Bacteroides, RC9_gut_group, Alistipes, Phocaeicola, Barnesiella, and Oscillibacter, and lower levels of Succinivibrio, Treponema, and Prevotella, compared to the BC group. The butyric acid content in feces was lower in the FG group (P < 0.05). Higher levels of palmitic acid, oleic acid, alpha-linolenic acid, L-carnitine, L-citrulline, and L-histidine, and lower levels of L-tyrosine, L-phenylalanine, and L-kynurenine were found in the plasma of the FG sheep. Moreover, there were substantial associations between several gut microbiota genera and alterations in feces and plasma metabolites especially those involved in the metabolism of butyric acid, linolenic acid, and L-tyrosine. Feeding regimens can not only influence the composition of gut microbiota, but also alter metabolic homeostasis in sheep.

Associations of Genetic Variations in Mismatch Repair Genes MSH3 and PMS1 with Acute Adverse Events and Survival in Patients with Rectal Cancer Receiving Postoperative Chemoradiotherapy

Jie Yang,Ying Huang,Yanru Feng,Hongmin Li,Ting Feng,Jinna Chen,Luxi Yin,Weihu Wang,Shulian Wang,Yueping Liu,Yongwen Song,Yexiong Li,Jing Jin,Wen Tan,Dongxin Lin 대한암학회 2019 Cancer Research and Treatment Vol.51 No.3

Purpose Mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency plays a critical role in rectal cancer. This study aimed to explore the associations between genetic variations in seven MMR genes and adverse events (AEs) and survival of patients with rectal cancer treated with postoperative chemoradiotherapy (CRT). Materials and Methods Fifty single nucleotide polymorphisms in seven MMR (MLH1, MLH3, MSH2, MSH3, MSH6, PMS1 and PMS2) genes were genotyped by Sequenom MassARRAY method in 365 patients with locally advanced rectal cancer receiving postoperative CRT. The associations between genotypes and AEs were measured by odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by unconditional logistic regression model. The associations between genetic variations and survival were computed by the hazard ratios and 95% CIs by Cox proportional regression model. Results The most common grade ! 2 AEs in those 365 patients, in decreasing order, were diarrhea (44.1%), leukopenia (29.6%), and dermatitis (18.9%). Except 38 cases missing, 61 patients (18.7%) died during the follow-up period. We found MSH3 rs12513549, rs33013, and rs6151627 significantly associated with the risk of grade ! 2 diarrhea. PMS1 rs1233255 had an impact on the occurrence of grade ! 2 dermatitis. Meanwhile, PMS1 rs4920657, rs5743030, and rs5743100 were associated with overall survival time of rectal cancer. Conclusion These results suggest that MSH3 and PMS1 polymorphisms may play important roles in AEs prediction and prognosis of rectal cancer patients receiving postoperative CRT, which can be potential genetic biomarkers for rectal cancer personalized treatment.

KRAB family is involved in network shifts in response to osmotic stress in camels

Dandan Cao,Shenyuan Wang,Dong Zhang,Yanru Zhang,Junwei Cao,Yongbin Liu,Huanmin Zhou 한국통합생물학회 2022 Animal cells and systems Vol.26 No.6

A feature of the camel is its tolerance to osmotic stress. However, few studies of osmotic stress in vivo or comparative analyses between different tissues of the camel have been performed. Here, we report the roles of Krüppel-associated box domain containing zinc-finger repressor proteins (KRAB-ZFPs) in transcriptional networks under osmotic stress in camels by analyzing transcriptomes of four different tissues under various osmotic conditions. We found that 273 of 278 KRAB-ZFPs were expressed in our data set, being involved in all of the 65 identified networks and exhibiting their extensive functional diversity. We also found that 110 KRAB-ZFPs were hub genes involved in more than half of the networks. We demonstrated that the osmotic stress response is involved in network shifts and that KRAB-ZFPs mediate this process. Finally, we presented the diverse mechanisms of osmotic stress responses in different tissues. These results revealed the genetic architecture of systematic physiological response in vivo to osmotic stress in camels. Our work will lead to new directions for studying the mechanism of osmotic stress response in anti-arid mammals.

TAp73 and ΔNp73 Have Opposing Roles in 5-aza-2'-Deoxycytidine-Induced Apoptosis in Breast Cancer Cells

Lai, Jing,Yang, Fang,Zhang, Wenwen,Wang, Yanru,Xu, Jing,Song, Wei,Huang, Guichun,Gu, Jun,Guan, Xiaoxiang Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2014 Molecules and cells Vol.37 No.8

The p73 gene contains an extrinsic P1 promoter and an intrinsic P2 promoter, controlling the transcription of the pro-apoptotic TAp73 isoform and the anti-apoptotic ${\Delta}Np73$ isoform, respectively. The DNA methylation status of both promoters act equally in the epigenetic transcriptional regulation of their relevant isoforms. The aim of this study was to analyze the different effects of these p73 isoforms in 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (5-aza-dC)-induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells. We investigated the effects of the DNA demethylation agent, 5-aza-dC, on the T-47D breast cancer cell line, and evaluated the methylation status of the p73 promoters and expression of TAp73 and ${\Delta}Np73$. Furthermore, we assessed the expression of p53 and p73 isoforms in 5-aza-dC-treated T-47D cells and p53 knockout cells. 5-aza-dC induced significant anti-tumor effects in T-47D cells, including inhibition of cell viability, G1 phase arrest and apoptosis. This was associated with p73 promoter demethylation and a concomitant increase in TAp73 mRNA and protein expression. In contrast, the methylation status of promoter P2 was not associated with ${\Delta}Np73$ mRNA or protein levels. Furthermore, demethylation of P2 failed to inhibit the expression of ${\Delta}Np73$ with 5-aza-dC in the p53 knockdown cell model. Our study suggests that demethylation of the P1 and P2 promoters has opposite effects on the expression of p73 isoforms, namely up-regulation of TAp73 and down-regulation of ${\Delta}Np73$. We also demonstrate that p53 likely contributes to 5-aza-dC-induced ${\Delta}Np73$ transcriptional inactivation in breast cancer cells.