Long-term Stability after Reduction of Mandible Fracture by Keyhole Plate: Evaluation at the Time of Plate Removal

Cheon, Kyeong-Jun,Cho, Seoung-Won,Jang, Won-Seok,Kim, Ju-Won,Yang, Byoung-Eun Korean Association of Maxillofacial Plastic and Re 2020 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.42 No.-

Background: Various types of miniplates have been developed and used for the reduction of facial bone fractures. We introduced Yang's Keyhole (YK) plate, and reported on its short-term stability. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term stability of the YK plate, as a follow-up study, by examining the patients who had used the YK plate among the patients with the reduction of mandible fractures and who visited for plate removal. Methods: We reviewed the medical records of 16 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a YK plate (group I) and 17 patients who underwent mandibular fracture fixation using a conventional plate (group II). Assessment was then made on malunion, occlusal stability, discomfort during the application, and clinical symptoms. Results: From January 2015 to December 2017, a total of 36 patients underwent mandibular fracture surgery using a YK plate. A total of 16 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 1 female. The average age was 26 years. The applied surgical sites were the 12 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of YK plate was an average of 335 days. During the same period, 45 people underwent surgery on the conventional plate. A total of 17 patients received plate removal. Among them, 15 were male and 2 females. The average age was 36 years. The applied surgical sites were the 8 on mandibular angle, 4 on mandibular symphysis, and 2 on subcondyle. The application period of the conventional plate was an average of 349 days. No malocclusion occurred at the time of removal, and occlusion was stable. No patient complained of joint disease or discomfort. Conclusion: The YK plate system, in which the screw was first inserted and the plate was applied, for clinical convenience did not cause any particular problem and no significant difference from the conventional plate.

사회복지 수퍼비젼의 장애 요인 분석 : 기관·운영주체의 관점을 중심으로

양정남,최은정,정현주 동신대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

This study analyzes obstacles to supervision which is un being carried out in social welfare agencies in Korea. The study discusses solutions to resolve the issues identified. The present practices of supervision in the agencies is not systematic or practical. Rather, it seems that it is just a nominal supervision named for convenience of the administrative instruction of service. Many researchers suggest various reasons for this process; however, this research notes that a significant difference exists between the supervision of the agencies and that carried out by social workers. In many research papers, it is stated that social workers as a supervisee prefer educational supervision, whereas the administrative supervision is favored by the agencies and the supervisors. Almost all the supervisors are committed to follow the agencies policy on supervision. For this reason, it may be essential to remove the structural obstacles and give the supervisor more flexibility and choice. Agencies view social work supervision from two main perspectives. Firstly supervision is viewed as a purchase rather than an expenses This perspective considers supervision as a production cost rather than a revenue producer. As a production cost the agency needs to manage supervision so that it does not: a. increase the cost of producing outcomes. b. reduce the volume of outcomes produced, therin reducing the amount of revenue available to the agency. The second perspective that agencies' view social work supervision as a risk management system which protects the agency from being blamed for unethical and unprofessional practice by its social workers and social work supervisors. I, therefore, suggest four solutions to help resolve the issues. a. ensure professionalism of social workers. b. ensure that the agencies are fair and democratic. - Social worker and client group should be independent from management. c. improve the assessment methods of social welfare agencies. d. introduce a certificate for the supervisor and an independent professional outside supervisor.

사회복지 현장의 수퍼비젼 방식 연구

양정남,최은정,정현주 동신대학교 2006 論文集 Vol.16 No.-

The purpose of supervision is to provide clients with the best service. In essence, supervision is a systematic exercise which is realized on the basis of communication and decision-making between a supervisor and a supervisee. The process of supervision is accomplished through good communication. Thus, in order for the supervision to function well in a social welfare agency, not only the contents of the supervision but the way of forming the supervision is seriously taken into account. Even though the supervision content is of good quality and the speciality of the supervisor ensured, the primary purpose and object of the supervision can hardly be achieved unless the communication between the supervisor and the supervisee is effective. For this reason, this study looks into the issue of the process of supervision deliverance and communication, and suggests an application of Shared Decision making, an educational theory, to the supervision for a better outcome. In the 1980s, a startling vision of education's future began appearing in reform proposals: school run by committees of teacher, without an administrator in sight. Since then, SDM has become a significant part of school-reform. SDM is the process of making educational decisions in a collaborative manner at the school level. The purpose of SDM is to improve school effectiveness and student learning by increasing staff commitment and ensuring that schools are more responsive to the needs of their students and community. SDM as a social work supervision model involves six main safeguards and benefits, which are as follows. ① Peer review of professional decisions ② It ensures that no client's liberty is affected(eg coming into care) without scrutiny of that decision. ③ It ensures clients are not left in unacceptable risk situations on the basis of a single individual's assessment or action. ④ It ensures that professionals are not put into a position where situations may exceed their knowledge, skills or experience or where they are having to manage very stressful and emotional situations. ⑤ Protection of the Agency: SDM has the responsibility to safeguard and ensures the importance of both supervisor and agencies role. ⑥ It encourages openness and collective responsibility.

재미 한인의 식생활 변화와 관련된 건강 상태 연구

양은주,김화영,송원옥 한국식생활문화학회 2001 韓國食生活文化學會誌 Vol.16 No.5

Differences in dietary intake of Korean Americans (KA) by the length of residence in the U.S. were studied in relation to health and disease patterns in Michigan. Of 1860 questionnaires mailed, 637 (34.3%) responded with demographics, anthropometrics, self-reported disease patterns, lifestyle, and dietary patterns (93-item FFQ developed for KA). Complete responses were available for 498 people (263 men, 253 women, aged 30-87 yr), who were then divided into three groups based on the number of years lived in the U.S.: 15y, 16-25y, 26y. Age-adjusted weight, height, BMI, and waist to hip ratio were within the normal ranges and did not differ among the three groups. Chronic diseases frequently reported in men and women (age-adjusted) included hypertension (14.4%, 14.1%), digestive diseases (5.4%, 8.5%), diabetes (3.6%, 4.9%), and arthritis (3.3%, 12.5%), respectively. The length of residence in the U.S. was inversely associated with the age-adjusted prevalence of digestive diseases (12.4%, 6.5%, 0.4% in men, 13.0%, 11.7%, 0% in women). The length of residence was positively associated with health consciousness, receiving regular health care, taking supplements regularly, and exercising, while inversely related to smoking. The majority favored American foods for breakfast and Korean foods for dinner. Foods frequently consumed included cooked rice (w/other grains), kimchi, coffee (w/cream and sugar), bread (white and dark), citrus juice, milk (low fat and skim), lettuce and cucumber, apple, seaweed, and soda. Intake frequency of the Korean starch food group was inversely associated with the length of residence for both men and women (p<0.001), but not with the American starch food group. Fat intake did not differ by the length of residence in the U.S. The dietary changes were associated with the length of residence and chronic disease patterns for the first generation of KA, which should be further examined 'for the subsequent generation of KA.

Benzaldehyde N-phenylthiosemicarbazone 유도체의 합성

맹주양,최은주 순천향대학교 기초과학연구소 1997 순천향자연과학연구 논문집 Vol.3 No.2

The C=N group occurs in many organic molecules of fundamental important. Azomethines, which include aldimines, RCH=NR' and ketimimes, RR'C=NR", are considered to be analoges of carbonyl compound. Many of the chemical properties of azomethines are indeed similar to those of carbonyl compound. Compound in which the C=N bond describes only one form of a mesomeric system and alkaloids or steroids are only occasionally included. The material was primarily arranged according to mechanistic types of formation of the C=N bond, and not by the types of the compounds containing this bond. First to be binding together (through condensation, coupling. etc.) of separate carbon and nitrogen component, Next, methods which involve an existing carbon-nitrogen bond, are considered and Finally, rearrangement reaction leading to C=N bonds are doscuissed. Semicarbazides and thiosemicarbazides are also widely used as 'carbonyl reagents'. The semicarvazides are generally easier to hydrolyse than corresponding oximes or hydrazones. Semicarbazides and thiosemicarbazides are starting material for manyuseful products. They are prepared from hydrazine and isocyanates or isothiocyanates. The unsubstituted parent semicarbazide is best made from urea and hydrazine ; with excess urea, thiosemicarbazides. Five new compounds were prepared by the addition of 4-phenyl-3-thiosemicarbazide to benzaldehyde derivatives. The structure of these compounds were ascertained by means of ultraviolet, infrared, NMR and mass specta.

교잡종 찰옥수수에 대한 연구 III : Ⅲ. 국내 옥수수 유전자원 수집종에 대한 주요 특성 분포

서정은,주현민,최윤표,홍범용,조양희,주정일,지희정,이희봉 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2007 농업과학연구 Vol.34 No.2

2006년 국내 각 지역으로부터 수집된 재래종옥수수 유전자원을 관행방법에 의해 파종하고 주요특성별로 분포도를 살펴본 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 수집된 유전자원에 대한 발아율은 대부분 80∼100%이상의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집계통에는 30% 미만의 극히 저조한 발아율을 보였다. 2. 수집자원에 대한 초기생육을 살펴보면 극히 생육이 저조한 것이 40% 정도를 보였고, 극히 우수한 자원은 3%미만으로 나타났다. 3. 간장은 대부분이 150∼199cm범위에 55%가 분포하고 있었으나, l00cm이하가 5%, 250cm이상이 8%로 나타나 수집종간에 큰 차이를 보였다. 4. 주당 분얼수는 1개 미만이 40%의 분포를 보였으나, 일부 수집종에서 2 내지 3개의 분얼수를 보이는 계통이 확인되었다. 5. 개화소요일수는 61∼64일의 범위에서 40%, 57∼60일의 범위에서 30%의 분포를 보였으며, 특히 일부 수집종의 경우 55일 이하의 극조생종도 10% 정도의 분포를 보였다. 6. 이삭길이는 대부분 11∼15cm범위에 60%가 포함되어 있으나, 일부계통에서 5cm미만이 2%, 16∼20cm의 이삭길이도 10%가 분포하였다. Germination ratio on the 300 collected genetic resources showed 80 to 100 percentage, but those of some accessions were very low as below 30 percentage. Early growth phase of most of these lines were very poor while some collected lines were very vigor. Range of stem height showed from 150 to 199cm, but that of some accessions showed below 100cm as five percentage and some of them was over 250cm as eight percentage. Number of tillers per plant appeared less one but some collected lines have two to three tillers per plant. In days to tasseling, some accessions showed more four per plant. Ear length of these accession showed above 60 percentage as 11 to 15cm, while that of some collected lines showed over 10 percentage as 16 to 20cm.

신체화장애 환자의 스트레스 대처방식 및 심리적 특성

이주연,이무석,윤진상,양종철,문지웅,정해원,은성종 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.6

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate the stress coping strategies and psychological charactehstics, such as combined psychopathology and tendency of symptom interpretation, in patients with somatization disorder. Methods : Thirty patients meeting the criteria of DSM-IV somatization disorder were compared with thirty controls. We evaluated the subjects using Symptom Checklist-90-Revised (SCL-90-R), Somato-Sensory Amplification Scale (SSAS), Symptom Interpretation Questionnaire (SIQ), and The Ways of Stress Coping Questionnaire (SCQ). Independent t-test and Pearson correlation analysis were used. Results : From the results of SCL-90-R subscales, the scores of somatization, obsession-compulsion, depression, anxiety, and psychoticism were significantly higher in patients with somatization disorder than nonnal controls. Somatization disorder patients had greater amplification of physical sensation in SSAS and significantly higher score in physical interpretation of SIQ compared with psychological or environmental interpretation, In the SCQ of somatization disorder patients, we observed generallylower levels of total coping scores than the control group and significant positive correlation between passive coping style of SCQ and psychological interpretation of SIQ. Conclusion : These results show that patients with somatization disorder have various psychopathology, greater amplification of physical sensation, physical interpretation tendency of symptoms, and insufficient copying strategy.

카드뮴에 의해 유발된 선천성 기형에 대한 연구

김은주,김선,양은진,한승로,김수일,김원식 대한췌담도연구회 2000 대한췌담도연구회지 Vol.5 No.2

어머니가 지각한 영아기질과 어머니 역할수행에 대한 자신감 및 만족도의 관계

이영은,강양희,박혜선,황은주,문미영 대한간호학회 아동간호학회 2003 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.9 No.2

보철물 절삭시 수종의 치과용 절삭기구와 냉각제의 효율성에 관한 연구

정은주,양홍서 전남대학교 치과대학 1996 전남치대논문집 Vol.8 No.1

The purpose of this study was to evaluate effects of dental cutting instruments and coolants to temperature changes of pulp chamber and to cutting weights. To evaluate effects of dental cutting instruments, the experimental groups were devided into 16. Four restorative materials (gold, base metal, resin, porcelain) were grinding with 4 cutting instruments(high speed diamond point, high speed fissure bur, low speed stone point, low speed rubber point). To evaluate effects of coolants, 16 groups were devided into 3 subgroups Group A : no use of coolant Group B : use of air coolant Group C : use of water-air spray coolant The results were as follows : 1. In kinds of coolants, temperature changes were shown in such order as group A, group B, group C. There was statistically significant difference between each group(p<0.05). Cutting weights were shown in such order as group C, group B, group A. There was statically significant difference between group C, B and A(p<0.05). 2. In kinds of cutting instruments, temperature change of diamond point as highest and temperature changes of high speed groups were higher than those of low speed groups. Cutting weights of fissure bur was highest and cutting weights of high speed groups were higher than those of low speed groups. 3. In kinds of materials of specimens, temperature change of base metal was highest and there were statistically significant difference between gold, base metal and resin, porcelain(p<0.05). Cutting weight of gold and base metal were higher than those of resin and porcelain. 4. The surface of specimen of group C, specially in use of high speed cutting instrument, showed less small particles than group A, B in SEM evaluation.