Cryopreservation induces macrophage colony stimulating factor from human periodontal ligament cells in vitro

Rhim, E.M.,Ahn, S.J.,Kim, J.Y.,Chang, Y.R.,Kim, K.H.,Lee, H.W.,Jung, S.H.,Kim, E.C.,Park, S.H. Academic Press 2013 Cryobiology Vol.67 No.2

Cryopreservation is used to protect vital periodontal ligaments during the transplantation of teeth. We investigated which gene products implicated in root resorption are upregulated in human periodontal ligament cells by cryopreservation, and whether cryopreservation affects the expression of macrophage-colony stimulating factor (M-CSF) in human periodontal ligament cells. We used customized microarrays to compare gene expression in human periodontal ligament cells cultured from teeth immediately after extraction and from cryopreserved teeth. Based on the result of these assays, we examined M-CSF expression in periodontal ligament cells from the immediately extracted tooth and cryopreserved teeth by real-time PCR, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blot analysis, and immunofluorescence. We also investigated whether human bone marrow cells differentiate into tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) positive osteoclasts when stimulated with RANKL (Receptor Activator for Nuclear Factor κ B Ligand) together with any secreted M-CSF present in the supernatants of the periodontal ligament cells cultured from the various groups of teeth. M-CSF was twofold higher in the periodontal ligament cells from the rapid freezing teeth than in those from the immediately extracted group (p<0.05). Cryopreservation increased M-CSF expression in the periodontal ligament cells when analyzed by real time PCR, ELISA, Western blotting, and immunofluorescence (p<0.05). TRAP positive osteoclasts were formed in response to RANKL and the secreted M-CSF present in the supernatants of all the experimental groups except negative control. These results demonstrate that cryopreservation promotes the production of M-CSF, which plays an important role in root resorption by periodontal ligament cells.

Effect of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide on the contractile responses of rat detrusor smooth muscle strips

Han, J.H.,Lee, M.Y.,Lee, S.Y.,Chang, I.H.,Kim, H.J.,Kim, W.,Myung, S.C. North-Holland ; Elsevier Science Ltd 2010 european journal of pharmacology Vol.638 No.1

This study was designed to determine how the contractility of rat detrusor smooth muscle strips changes in the presence of low concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>. The strips were dissected from the base of Sprague-Dawley rat bladders and their contractile responses to a cumulative increase in H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>concentration (3x10<SUP>-6</SUP>3x10<SUP>-2</SUP>%) were measured. How the duration of exposure to the fixed concentration of 3x10<SUP>-4</SUP>% H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>affected contractility was also examined. Moreover, the effect of 3x10<SUP>-4</SUP>% H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>pretreatment on the response to cumulative increases in the concentrations of phenylephrine or acetylcholine (10<SUP>-8</SUP>10<SUP>-4</SUP>) was assessed. To elucidate the mechanism by which H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>induced contraction, we examined the effect of pretreatment with 10nM Y-27632, 10μM indomethacin, 10μM SQ29548, 10μM verapamil, 10μM vitamin E, or 1μM Bay-K 8644 on the contractile responses generated by cumulatively increasing the concentration of H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB> H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>induced contractile responses in Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>free physiological solution were also examined. Low concentrations of H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>increased the contractile responses of the strips in a dose-dependent manner but increasing treatment duration decreased these responses. H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>pretreatment significantly augmented the contraction induced by phenylephrine (P<0.05) but had no effect on the response to acetylcholine. Pretreatment with Y-27632, indomethacin, vitamin E, verapamil, and Bay-K 8644 significantly inhibited the H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>induced contraction (P<0.05). SQ 29548-pretreatment had no effect. H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>could not increase the contractile responses in Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>free physiological solution. Thus, low concentrations of H<SUB>2</SUB><SUB>2</SUB>may directly affect detrusor smooth muscles and thereby induce detrusor overactivity.

Glucose와 Phosphate가 제거된 M-TALP 배지에서의 난구세포 공배양에 의한 임신율 향상에 관한 연구

정범식,장우현,이문희,김지연,방지호,김규현,서태광,Chung, B.S.,Chang, W.H.,Lee, M.H.,Kim, J.Y.,Bang, J.H.,Kim, K.H.,Suh, T.K. 대한생식의학회 1999 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.26 No.1

The beneficial effect of glucose and phosphate ions in culture medium on the development of human embryos in vitro has not been fully elucidated. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the influence of fertilization and culture of embryos in glucose/phosphate-free m-TALP medium on pregnancy rates in IVF-ET program. The patients in 244 IVF-ET cycles received GnRH agonist + HMG regimens. A does of 10,000 IU HCG was administered when two or more dominent follicles reached 18mm in diameter. Thirty-six hours after HCG, oocytes were recovered transvaginally using ultrasound guidance. Aspirated oocytes were matured for 4 to 6 h in TCM-199 supplemented with 10% follicular fluid (FF). Insemination was carried out with 50,000 motile spermatozoa in TCM-199 + 10% FF or m-TALP + 5% FF + 5% fetal cord serum (FCS) according to experimental design. After 6 h, oocytes were washed 3 to 4 times and cultured in each fresh medium. After 20 h, oocytes were freed from cumulus/corona cells and examined for the presence of pronuclei. Fertilized oocytes were transferred into each co-culture drops and cultured for further incubation. On day 3, embryo transfer was performed with grade 1 and 2 embryos. Monolayers for co-culture of embryos were prepared by plating $1{\times}10^5$ cumulus cells/ml in 10ul drop of TCM-199 + 10% FF or m-TALP + 5% FF + 5% FCS media 24 h prior to the onset of co-culture. Development to 4 to 16 cell stage was observed at 70x magnification following two days of incubation. Pregnancy was confirmed by detecting increasing serum ${\beta}$-hCG concentrations for 11 days following embryo transfer. Data were analyzed by ${\chi}^2$-test. Oocytes from 244 IVF-ET cycles were randomized. The number of cycles and mean age of patients were 97 and 147, 31.3 yrs and 31.2 yrs for TCM-199 (control) and m-TALP groups, respectively. The mean number of retrieved oocytes/cycle, fertilization rates, number of embryos transferred/ET and pregnancy rates were 11.1 and 10.3, 65.1% and 67.3%, 4.1 and 4.7, 28.9% and 43.8% for TCM-199 and m-TALP groups, respectively. Differences in the pregnancy rates were found between control and m-TALP groups (p<0.05). The pregnancy rate of patients divided according to maternal age groups of ${\leq}30$, 31-35, $36{\leq}$ were 44.4% and 49.0%, 26.1% and 41.3%, 29.2% and 41.2% for control and m-TALP groups, respectively. These data indicate that culture of human embryos in glucose/phosphate-free m-TALP medium improves pregnancy rates.

Thermoluminescent Response of Thin LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si Detectors to Beta Radiation

Cho,H.W.,Chang,S.Y.,Nam,Y.M.,Kim,J.L.,Kim,H.J. 대한방사선 방어학회 1999 방사선방어학회지 Vol.24 No.1

최근 개발된 감도가 좋은 LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si TL물질을 Teflon과 혼합한 후, 얇은 디스크 형태로 압축·성형한 얇은 LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si Teflon 검출기를 제작하고 베타선 검출기로서의 TL 반응특성을 연구하였다. 한국원자력연구소의 Pm, Tl 및 Sr/Y 베타선원을 이용하여 두께 2 ㎎/㎠인 kapton 박막을 덮은 상태로 베타선을 조사하였다. 제작한 얇은 LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si 검출기들의 Cs에 대한 batch 균질성은 4.7%, 베타선에 대한 선량의존성은 0.1 m㏉에서 100 ㏉까지 선형성을 나타내고, 에너지의존성은 Pm, Tl 및 Sr/Y 베타선에 대해 각각 0.46, 1.09 및 1.06 이었다. 그리고 베타선에 대한 방향의존성은 0.93±0.03 (Pm), 0.94±0.04 (Tl) 및 0.92±0.05 (Sr/Y)으로, 이들 얇은 LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si 검출기들에 대한 Tl 반응특성의 결과는 국제표준기구(ISO)의 베타선량계 기준을 잘 만족하였다. Thermoluminescent (TL) response characteristics of a thin LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Si Teflon detectors have been studied for use in beta radiation detection. The detectors were fabricated from a mixture of LiF:Mg,Cu,Na,Siphosphor and Teflon powder which was molded into a thin disk form of 50 ㎎/㎠ These detectors were irradiated to beta fields of Pm, Tl and Sr/Y sources with a covering of Kapton foil (2 ㎎/㎠) and photon irradiation was carried out with a Cs source at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). Batch uniformity was estimated to be 4.7% and the beta dose response presented linear relationship from 0.1 m㏉ to 100 ㏉. The beta energy responses of thin detectors normalized to Cs were presented as 0.46, 1.09 and 1.06 for Pm, Tl and Sr/Y beta rays, respectively. The evaluated values for angular responses were 0.93±0.03 (Pm), 0.94±0.04 (Tl), and 0.92±0.05 (Sr/Y). The results satisfied well a proposed ISO Standard for beta ray dosimeters.

Deposition of polychlorinated biphenyls and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the vicinity of a steel manufacturing plant

Fang, M.,Choi, S.D.,Baek, S.Y.,Jin, G.,Chang, Y.S. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2012 Atmospheric environment Vol.49 No.-

Spatial distribution and seasonal variation of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) bulk deposition were investigated at four sites at and around an iron and steel making plant in Pohang, South Korea from January 2008 to May 2009. The steel complex site showed the highest average deposition fluxes of 74.0, 2.1, and 41.6 ng m<SUP>-2</SUP> day<SUP>-1</SUP> for @?<SUB>tri-deca</SUB>PCBs (Tri-DecaCBs), @?<SUB>12</SUB>PCBs (dioxin-like PCBs), and @?<SUB>8</SUB>PBDEs (8 PBDE congeners), respectively, indicating the steel complex is an important source of PCBs and PBDEs. The PCB deposition was dominated by Tri-TetraCBs and BDE209 was the most abundant PBDE congener. No clear seasonal variation of PCB and PBDE deposition was observed except at the steel complex site. Precipitation appeared to play an important role in the deposition distribution of PCBs, especially when the lowly chlorinated homologues dominated. In addition, the contribution of DL PCBs (dioxin-like PCBs) to the total TEQ (toxicity equivalent quantity) showed a seasonal variation and should not be neglected in the vicinity of a steel complex.

충청지역에서 발생한 쭈쭈가무시병의 임상상, 원인균의 혈청형 및 혈청역학적 연구

김선영,김윤성,박장규,윤태영,강재승,송인숙,최명식,최인학,차창룡,이우곤,박종우,이증훈,장우현,유영해,윤광혁,송계용 대한감염학회 1989 감염 Vol.21 No.2

From September to december 1987, eighty-six cases of tsutsugamushi disease were diagnosed by indirect immunofluorecent test or by isolating the causative agent in Chungcheung area. Their clinical features and patterns of antibody response to R. tsutsugamushi were analyzed. For the indenfication of prevalent antigenic types of R. tsutsugamushi in Chungcheung area, twenty-seven strains isolated were tested by indirect immunofluorescent test. To assess the extent of exposure to R.tsutsugamushi of a general population in Korea, the prevalence of antibody was investigated in 6,572 sera obtained from the residents of Chungcheung area by indirect immunofluorescent test. The female patients slightly outnumbered the male patients. More cases (68%) were older than 40 years of age. The epidemic peaked in October. The mean incubation period estimated was about 8 days. The major clinical features were fever and chill, headache, rash, eschar, and lymphadenopathy. Increased serm transaminase was the most singificant laboratory findings. Abnormalities in the chest roentgenography were often observed. The antibody titer rose rapidly 5 days after the onset, reached its peak at 20 days (1:640), and then declined agradually until 7 months(1:20). The seroype of 23 out of the 27 isolates wase found to be karp, one was Gilliam, and 3 isolates could not be classified by using polyclonal mouse hyperimmune sera. The prevalence of antibody to R.tsutsugamushi in the residents of Chungcheung area was 4.8%. The prevalence of antibody was higher in the female than in the male. The prevalence was higher in the residents of age above 40 years than below 40 years, and was the lowest in the children less than 10 years of age. Of the 318 positive sera from normal residents, only 2 sera showed the titers higher than 1:80.

수정진동자를 이용한 고분자 감응성막의 유기가스 응답특성

권영수,김정명,유승엽,장상목,김영한 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

It is very useful to use piezoelectric device as transducer of gas sensor. AT-cut quartz crystal with 9 MHz resonant frequency can precisely measure about 1 nanogram as mass sensitivity. There are two different type of Gas sensor. One is the gas sensor coated with functional films which has selectivity to gas. The other is to use pattern recognition and array of quartz crystal with different coating materials, which don't have any selectivity to organic gases. In this paper, we used polymers as coating materials, which has thermal and mechanical stability and investigated the possibility of pattern recognition using new parameter in flow system. Our purpose is to develope gas sensor using pattern recognition and neural network.

Lipopolysaccharide from <i>Prevotella nigrescens</i> stimulates osteoclastogenesis in cocultures of bone marrow mononuclear cells and primary osteoblasts

Chung, Y.-H.,Chang, E.-J.,Kim, S.-J.,Kim, H.-H.,Kim, H.-M.,Lee, S.-B.,Ko, J. S. Blackwell Publishing Ltd 2006 Journal of periodontal research Vol.41 No.4

<P>Background and Objective: </P><P>Lipopolysaccharide is thought to be a major virulence factor of pathogens associated with periodontal diseases and is believed to stimulate bone resorption <I>in vivo</I>. Although <I>Prevotella nigrescens</I> has been implicated in periodontitis, its role in osteoclastogenesis has not been reported. In this study, we investigated the effects of lipopolysaccharide from <I>P. nigrescens</I> on the formation of osteoclasts and the production of cytokines related to osteoclast differentiation.</P><P>Material and Methods: </P><P>Mouse bone marrow mononuclear cells were cultured in the presence of macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor &kgr;B ligand (RANKL), with or without lipopolysaccharide. Bone marrow mononuclear cells were also cocultured with calvarial osteoblastic cells in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide. Osteoclast formation was determined by tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase cytochemistry. The production of osteoprotegerin (OPG), M-CSF, tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-&agr;), transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-&bgr;) and prostaglandin E<SUB>2</SUB> (PGE<SUB>2</SUB>) was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).</P><P>Results: </P><P><I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide inhibited osteoclast differentiation from bone marrow mononuclear cells cultured in the presence of M-CSF and RANKL. However, in the coculture system, <I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide stimulated osteoclastogenesis. Notably, <I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide decreased OPG production but increased TGF-&bgr; secretion. In addition, treatment with <I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide increased PGE<SUB>2</SUB> production during the late stage of the culture period. There was no difference in M-CSF and TNF-&agr; production.</P><P>Conclusion: </P><P>These results demonstrate that <I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide stimulates osteoclastogenesis in the coculture system by decreasing the production of OPG and increasing the production of TGF-&bgr; and PGE<SUB>2</SUB>. Through the mechanisms involving these factors, <I>P. nigrescens</I> lipopolysaccharide may cause alveolar bone resorption in periodontal diseases.</P>

절삭률-공구수명 특성 곡선을 이용한 고속가공 공정의 최적하에 관한연구

최용철,김동우,장윤상,조명우,허영무 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 추계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-

With the recent development of machining technology, high speed machining process is widely used for the mold and difficult-to -cut-materials machining since it allows achieving high productivity and surface quality. However, during the high speed machining process, high cutting speed and feed rate can cause abrupt tool life decrease due to rapid rising of the cutting tool temperature. Such situation may cause increase of machining cost. Thus, in this study, developed optimization algorithm is applied to determine optimal machining variables for multiple high speed machining. The R-T characteristic curve for machining economics problems with a linear-lorarithmic tool life model is determined by applying sensitivity analysis. Finally, a series of high speed machining experiments are performed to determine the desired optimal machining variables, and the results are analyzed.

수정진동자에 의한 Polypyrrole중합막의 Electrochromatic 현상

김정명,김종민,장상목,장정수,권영수 경북대학교 센서기술연구소 1995 센서技術學術大會論文集 Vol.6 No.1

This paper shows that the electrochemical mass transport in polypyrrole(Ppy) thin film deposited electrode, involves the rheological change and electrochromatics of the Ppy. These changes can be detected by measuring the resonant frequency, resonant resistance, and UV spectrum of a Ppy deposited quartz crystal. A Ppy deposited quartz crystal is used and measured the cyclic voltammograms in KClO_(4) electrolyte solution. The changes of the resonant frequency and resonant resistance showed that mass transport and viscoelastic changes occur in the Ppy film. The absorption change means that the electrochromatics change occurs also in the Ppy film