Wax Composition of ‘Red Fuji’ Apple Fruit during Development and during Storage after 1-Methylcyclopropene Treatment

Xiaoqing Dong,Jingping Rao,Donald J. Huber,Xiaoxiao Chang,Fucun Xin 한국원예학회 2012 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.53 No.4

Changes in surface wax composition of ‘Red Fuji’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh. ‘Red Fuji’) during development and during storage at 0 ± 1℃ after 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) treatments were studied by the means of gas chromatography -mass spectrometry. Total wax increased during fruit development. During the storage at 0 ± 1℃, total waxes declined, and the decline was significantly delayed in 1-MCP–treated fruit. Total waxes were chromatographically separated into nonpolar and polar components. Nonacosane was the most abundant nonpolar wax, comprising 95% of total hydrocarbons. Polar wax components were comprised of nonacosan-10-ol (29%) and nonacosan-10-one (16%), along with a series of fatty acids and derivatives. Distinct patterns of wax changes were observed. Nonacosane, heptacosane and nonacosene increased during the development and decreased over seven months of fruit storage at 0 ± 1℃. Declines were delayed or slightly suppressed in 1-MCP–treated fruit. By contrast, nonacosan-10-ol, nonacosan-10-one, and 9, 12-octadecadienoic acid showed variable accumulation trends during the development but significant increases during storage that were strongly suppressed in 1-MCP–treated fruit. The association of wax changes with ethylene production and the responses to 1-MCP indicate that ethylene strongly influences wax composition in ‘Red Fuji’ apple fruit.

Experimental and Modeling Studies on the Sorption Breakthrough Behaviors of Butanol from Aqueous Solution in a Fixed-bed of KA-I Resin

Xiaoqing Lin,Renjie Li,Qingshi Wen,Jinglan Wu,Jiansheng Fan,Xiaohong Jin,Wenbin Qian,Dong Liu,Xiaochun Chen,Yong Chen,Jingjing Xie,Jianxin Bai,Han-Jie Ying 한국생물공학회 2013 Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering Vol.18 No.2

Removal of biobutanol from acetone-butanolethanol (ABE) fermentation broth can be achieved by fixed-bed sorption by means of KA-I resin, and the relevant breakthrough curves would provide much valuable information to help design a continuous fixed-bed sorption process in field application. In the present study, the effects of several important design parameters, i.e., initial butanol concentration (Cf: 3.0 ~ 30.0 g/L), inlet flow rate (Qf: 0.5~ 5.5 mL/min) and adsorbent bed height (Z: 4.2 ~ 18.0 cm),on the adsorption breakthrough curves of KA-I resin in a fixed-bed column were investigated. It was found that the amount of adsorbed butanol at breakthrough point was increased with an increase in the value of Cf and Z; and with decrease in the value of Qf. However, the maximum sorption capacities of butanol at saturated point were basically unchanged. Three well-established fixed-bed adsorption models, namely Thomas, Yoon-Nelson and Adams-Bohart,were applied to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of fixed-bed column,which are the basis for the process design at a real scale. Good agreement between the theoretical breakthrough curves and the experimental result were observed using Thomas and Yoon-Nelson models.

A Pilot Clinical Study to Investigate the Hypomethylating Properties of Freeze-dried Black Raspberries in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome or Myeloproliferative Neoplasm

Dong Athena,Pan Xiaoqing,Lin Chien-Wei,Huang Yi-Wen,Krause Hayden,Pan Pan,Baim Arielle,Thomas Michael J,Chen Xiao,Yu Jianhua,Michaelis Laura,Liu Pengyuan,Wang Li-Shu,Atallah Ehab 대한암예방학회 2022 Journal of cancer prevention Vol.27 No.2

Myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) are bone marrow disorders characterized by cytopenias and progression to acute myeloid leukemia. Hypomethylating agents (HMAs) are Food and Drug Administration-approved therapies for MDS and MDS/MPN patients. HMAs have improved patients’ survival and quality of life when compared with other therapies. Although HMAs are effective in MDS and MDS/MPN patients, they are associated with significant toxicities that place a large burden on patients. Our goal is to develop a safer and more effective HMA from natural products. We previously reported that black raspberries (BRBs) have hypomethylating effects in the colon, blood, spleen, and bone marrow of mice. In addition, BRBs exert hypomethylating effects in patients with colorectal cancer and familial adenomatous polyposis. In the current study, we conducted a pilot clinical trial to evaluate the hypomethylating effects of BRBs in patients with low-risk MDS or MDS/MPN. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated before and after three months of BRB intervention. CD45+ cells were isolated from PBMCs for methylation analysis using a reduced-representation bisulfite sequencing assay. Each patient served as their own matched control, with their measurements assessed before intervention providing a baseline for post-intervention results. Clinically, our data showed that BRBs were well-tolerated with no side effects. When methylation data was combined, BRBs significantly affected methylation levels of 477 promoter regions. Pathway analysis suggests that BRB-induced intragenic hypomethylation drives leukocyte differentiation. A randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of BRB use in low-risk MDS or MDS/ MPN patients is warranted.

Compressive Deformation Behavior of AZ31Mg Alloy Containing {10–12} Extension Twins at Different Temperature

Hua Zhang,Xiaoqing Bai,Minjian Hou,Lifei Wang,Qiang Zhang,Jianfeng Fan,Weiguo Li,Hongbiao Dong,Bingshe Xu 대한금속·재료학회 2019 METALS AND MATERIALS International Vol.25 No.5

Influence of pre-introducing {10–12} extension twins on compressive deformation behavior of AZ31Mg alloy at differenttemperature was investigated. The compression tests were conducted along the normal direction of AZ31Mg alloy at roomtemperature, 100 °C, 200 °C and 300 °C with a strain rate of 1 × 10−3 s−1. The results indicated that the pre-introducing{10–12} extension twins strongly affected the yield strength, the peak strength and the strain hardening rate at middle-lowtemperature (≤ 200 °C). The twinned samples containing pre-introducing {10–12} extension twins exhibited smaller yieldstrength and larger peak strength than the as-received samples without {10–12} extension twins at temperature ≤ 200 °C. Forthe as-received samples, the strain hardening rate decreased gradually at different temperature. While for the twinned samples,the strain hardening behavior exhibited three distinct stages at temperature ≤ 200 °C. When compressing at 300 °C, the asreceivedand twinned samples exhibited similar compression flow curves and strain hardening rate curves. The continuousdynamic recrystallization (CDRX) was the main dynamic recrystallization (DRX) mechanism in the as-received sample whencompressing at 200 °C. The twin assisted DRX besides CDRX was also initiated in the twinned sample when compressingat 200 °C. While the DRX mechanism was transformed into the discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) in boththe as-received and twinned samples when compressing at 300 °C.

Optimal Design of Central Drainage Ditch Buried Depth for Highway Tunnel in Seasonally Frozen Region

Yuanfu Zhou,Mingyong Li,Danfeng Zhang,Xiaoqing Suo,Xuefu Zhang,Ke Dong 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.26 No.4

In seasonally frozen regions, the drainage ditch of highway tunnels is usually set below the maximum frost depth. Hence, the deeply buried drainage ditch is often used, which increases the cost, difficulty, and time of tunnel construction. And it affects the stability of the surrounding rock and the tunnel structure safety. To solve these difficulties, this study investigated the optimal design of buried depth of central drainage ditch by numerical simulation. Based on a tunnel in Northwest China, a transient heat transfer model, which involves heat conduction and phase transition, was established. Then, the influences of different water amounts and thermal insulation technologies on the minimum buried depth of central drainage ditch were investigated. The results indicate that the thermal insulation layer, regardless of whether it is an internal thermal insulation layer, external thermal insulation layer, or foam concrete backfilled in invert arch, can prevent the drainage ditch from freezing and increase its elevation. The findings of this study can be helpful in optimizing the buried depth, selecting reasonable thermal insulation technology for central drainage ditch in seasonally frozen regions.