Navigating the Indo-Pacific: Vietnam’s Hedging Strategies Amid the Geopolitical Rivalry Between China and the United States

Xiangning Wu,Joseph Ching Velasco, 경남대학교 극동문제연구소 2024 ASIAN PERSPECTIVE Vol.48 No.1

Vietnam has implemented hedging strategies in response to the geopolitical rivalry between China and the United States in the Indo-Pacific region. While the uncertainty from the dynamics of the Sino.US rivalry has been widely acknowledged, we examine how Vietnam’s hedging strategy is also calibrated toward ongoing domestic political developments. We argue that while the international environment determines the overall structure of Vietnam’s geopolitical hedging strategy, domestic factors, such as the success of Doi Moi, the interaction of party factions, and disagreements among public elites, influence the breadth of this strategy. Current global exigencies and internal domestic concerns require Hanoi to intelligently and delicately calibrate its interactions with great powers with little margin for error.

Revolution, Collectivization and Occupational Mobility in North China in the Mid-Twentieth Century

Xiangning li 한국사회학회 2018 한국사회학회 심포지움 논문집 Vol.2018 No.5

외국인 여행자를 고려한 게스트하우스 커뮤니티공간의 특성

안상녕 ( Xiangning Yan ),황연숙 ( Yeonsook Hwang ) 한국공간디자인학회 2018 한국공간디자인학회논문집 Vol.13 No.5

(연구배경 및 목적) 최근 몇 년간 국내를 방문하는 외국인 여행자들의 수가 지속적으로 증가하고 있으며 여행자들은 여행을 통한 문화체험을 할 수 있는 숙박시설을 선호하고 있다. 이에 따라 여러 숙박 유형 중 문화체험의 가능성이 높은 게스트하우스는 여행정보를 현지에서 쉽게 얻을 수 있으며 특히 여행자들은 투숙하는 기간 동안 커뮤니티공간에서 만남과 휴식을 통해 서로 다양한 문화 콘텐츠 또는 여행과 관련된 정보를 교류할 수 있다는 것이 특징이다. 이에 본 연구는 게스트하우스의 커뮤니티공간을 분석하여 국내를 방문하는 외국인 여행자들의 다양한 교류를 위한 바람직한 공간방향을 파악하고자 한다. (연구방법) 본 연구의 범위는 서울시에 게스트하우스가 가장 많이 분포되어 있는 중구, 종로구, 마포구를 대상으로 게스트하우스 9곳의 사례를 현장조사 하였다. 게스트하우스의 개념 및 배치유형에 관한 선행연구 고찰을 통해 공간특성을 도출하고 현장조사를 실시하였다. (결과) 게스트하우스 커뮤니티공간의 특성을 상호작용성, 지역문화성, 개방성, 감각성 4개의 특성으로 분류하였다. 첫째, 상호작용성의 경우 대체적으로 공간 및 가구의 배치로 여행자들의 만남과 소통이 이루어지고 있었지만 공간이 협소하여 머무는 시간이 길지 않아 충분한 교류는 이루어지지 않고 있었다. 둘째, 지역문화성의 경우 문화를 체험할 수 있는 프로그램이 지원되는 사례가 있는 반면에 프로그램 및 지역을 표현하는 상징적인 디자인요소가 고려되지 않은 사례가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 개방성의 경우 투숙하는 여행자들의 이동을 자유롭게 하기 위해 효율적인 동선 및 오픈된 형태의 공간을 계획하고 있었으나 프라이버시 측면이 전혀 고려되지 않아 불편함을 느끼고 있는 여행자들이 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 넷째, 감각성의 경우 대부분의 사례에 적용되어 있었는데 색채, 마감재 또는 장식적인 요소를 공간 곳곳에 배치하여 여행자들의 시각적 즐거움을 제공하고 있었다. (결론) 게스트하우스는 여행자들에게 숙박시설이며 동시에 정보교류와 문화를 체험할 수 있는 공간이다. 따라서 충분한 공간면적을 확보하여 여행자들의 자연스러운 소통과 교류가 이루어져야 하며, 지역적 특성을 고려하여 다른 곳과 구별될 수 있는 아이덴티티를 제공해야 한다. 또한 여행자들의 이동이 자유로운 공간구조가 이루어지는 동시에 가변적인 요소를 적용하여 프라이버시에 대한 고려가 이루어져야 하며, 여행자들이 머무는 동안 한국에 대한 긍정적인 이미지를 가질 수 있는 요소에 대한 고려가 필요하다. 향후 이를 근거로 하여 게스트하우스 커뮤니티공간의 디자인 지침으로 활용될 수 있는 구체적인 계획방향에 대한 후속 연구가 이루어져야 한다. (Background and Purpose) As the number of foreign tourists visiting South Korea continues to grow, travelers are shown to prefer cultural experiences through accommodation during travel. Guesthouses, which are more likely to offer cultural experiences among multiple types of accommodation, can easily provide local travel information, especially to visitors who spend time in community spaces during their stay. Indeed, guesthouses can be spaces for the exchange of cultural and travel-related information. Based on the analysis of communication spaces in guesthouses, this study explored the best space plan to encourage foreign tourists to visit Korea. (Method) This study investigated nine guesthouses in in Jung-gu, Jongno-gu, and Mapo-gu, Seoul, as cases. The study carried out field investigation to investigate the guesthouses’ concept and layout type, focusing on spatial characteristics. (Results) The characteristics of guesthouse communication spaces can be divided into four: Interaction Property, Regional Culture, Openness, and Sensibility. First, in terms of interaction property, the space layout and furniture arrangement enabled the visitors to meet and interact, but because the space tended to be small and guests’ stay time, not long, they could not engage in meaningful communication. Second, from perspective of regional culture, there were cases that provided experiential cultural projects. In contrast, there were also cases that did not take regional culture into account, such as in the performance of projects and the elements of regional representative design. Third, regarding openness, to make it easier for visitors to move freely, guesthouses offered effective activity routes and open spaces, but they did not consider privacy aspects, resulting in feelings of inconvenience among tourists. Fourth, on sensibility, most guesthouses configured the colors, topping materials, and decorative elements in every corner of the spaces to provide visual enjoyment to visitors. (Conclusions) The guesthouse is not only an accommodation for tourists also a space for information exchange and cultural experience. Therefore, to ensure adequate space for natural communication among travelers, it is important to consider the regional characteristics and provide a differentiating identity. Moreover, although the structure of spaces for tourists may allow for free movement, privacy variables should be considered, and factors that have a positive image of South Korea during their stay should be taken into account. According to the design policy of guesthouse communication space, research should be carried out on the specific planning direction that can be used in future.

Hybrid Sinusoidal-Pulse Charging Method for the Li-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicle Applications Based on AC Impedance Analysis

Sideng Hu,Zipeng Liang,Xiangning He 전력전자학회 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.1

A hybrid sinusoidal-pulse current (HSPC) charging method for the Li-ion batteries in electric vehicle applications is proposed in this paper. The HSPC charging method is based on the Li-ion battery ac-impedance spectrum analysis, while taking into account the high power requirement and system integration. The proposed HSPC method overcomes the power limitation in the sinusoidal ripple current (SRC) charging method. The charger shares the power devices in the motor inverter for hardware cost saving. Phase shifting in multiple pulse currents is employed to generate a high frequency multilevel charging current. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed HSPC method improves the charger efficiency related to the hardware and the battery energy transfer efficiency.

Module Multilevel-Clamped Composited Multilevel Converter (M-MC²) with Dual T-Type Modules and One Diode Module

Haoze Luo,Yufei Dong,Wuhua Li,Xiangning He 전력전자학회 2014 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.14 No.6

A modular multilevel-clamped composited multilevel converter (M-MC²) is proposed. M-MC² enables topology reconfiguration, power device reuse, and composited clamping. An advanced five-level converter (5L-M-MC²) is derived from the concept of M-MC². 5L-M-MC² integrates dual three-level T-type modules and one three-level neutral point clamped module. This converter can also integrate dual three-level T-type modules and one passive diode module by utilizing the device reuse scheme. The operation principle and SPWM modulation are discussed to highlight converter performance. The proposed M-MC² is comprehensively compared with state-of-the-art five-level converters. Finally, simulations and experimental results are presented to validate the effectiveness of the main contributions of this study.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fungicidal Activities of New Type Oxazolidinone-Based Strobilurin Analogues

Yuhao Li,Rui Liu,Zhangwei Yan,Xiangning Zhang,Hongjun Zhu 대한화학회 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.11

A series of oxazolidinone-based strobilurin analogues were efficiently synthesized by the reaction of 3-(2-bromomethylphenyl)oxazolidin-2-one with 1-substituted phenyl-2H-pyrazolin-3-one. Their structures were confirmed and characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, elemental analysis, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structure of the target compound 3-(2-((1-phenyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yloxy)methyl)phenyl) oxazolidin-2-one was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioassay results of these compounds indicated that some of the oxazolidin-2-one derivatives containing N-substituted phenyl 2H-pyrazol ring exhibited potential in vivo fungicidal activities against M. grisea at the dosage of 1 g L‒1.

2D그래픽을 활용한 표현기법 교육사례

노이경(Noh, Yi-Kyung),안상녕(Yan, Xiangning),황연숙(Hwang, Yeon-Sook) 한국실내디자인학회 2018 한국실내디자인학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.20 No.2

It is important to visualize and plan design direction and concept in interior design process. Effective layout can easily understand design intent. Design results for effective presentations should be based on aesthetics, functionality, and formative feature. The resulting excellent visual image results can attract attention and interest. In this study, we studied design process for effective image editing in editorial design course using computer graphics software, Photoshop program. Editorial design is a practical course. However, after practicing the theoretical lesson, I practiced it. The results were submitted after each week`s practice. In this lesson, it became possible to express the ideas derived from free ideas using Photoshop tool which is 2D graphic software. In addition, the ability to present images through effective image graphics has improved the significance of the subject.

Synthesis, Crystal Structure and Fungicidal Activities of New Type Oxazolidinone-Based Strobilurin Analogues

Li, Yuhao,Liu, Rui,Yan, Zhangwei,Zhang, Xiangning,Zhu, Hongjun Korean Chemical Society 2010 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.31 No.11

A series of oxazolidinone-based strobilurin analogues were efficiently synthesized by the reaction of 3-(2-bromomethylphenyl) oxazolidin-2-one with 1-substituted phenyl-2H-pyrazolin-3-one. Their structures were confirmed and characterized by $^1H$-NMR, $^{13}C$-NMR, elemental analysis, and mass spectroscopy. In addition, the crystal structure of the target compound 3-(2-((1-phenyl-2H-pyrazol-3-yloxy)methyl)phenyl) oxazolidin-2-one was determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction. The bioassay results of these compounds indicated that some of the oxazolidin-2-one derivatives containing N-substituted phenyl 2H-pyrazol ring exhibited potential in vivo fungicidal activities against M. grisea at the dosage of $1\;g\;L^{-1}$.

Hybrid Sinusoidal-Pulse Charging Method for the Li-Ion Batteries in Electric Vehicle Applications Based on AC Impedance Analysis

Hu, Sideng,Liang, Zipeng,He, Xiangning The Korean Institute of Power Electronics 2016 JOURNAL OF POWER ELECTRONICS Vol.16 No.1

A hybrid sinusoidal-pulse current (HSPC) charging method for the Li-ion batteries in electric vehicle applications is proposed in this paper. The HSPC charging method is based on the Li-ion battery ac-impedance spectrum analysis, while taking into account the high power requirement and system integration. The proposed HSPC method overcomes the power limitation in the sinusoidal ripple current (SRC) charging method. The charger shares the power devices in the motor inverter for hardware cost saving. Phase shifting in multiple pulse currents is employed to generate a high frequency multilevel charging current. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed HSPC method improves the charger efficiency related to the hardware and the battery energy transfer efficiency.

Description of Corynebacterium poyangense sp. nov., isolated from the feces of the greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons)

Liu Qian,Fan Guoying,Wu Kui,Bai Xiangning,Yang Xi,Song Wentao,Chen Shengen,Xiong Yanwen,Chen Haiying 한국미생물학회 2022 The journal of microbiology Vol.60 No.7

Two novel Gram-positive, non-spore-forming, facultatively anaerobic, non-motile, and short rods to coccoid strains were isolated from the feces of the greater white-fronted geese (Anser albifrons) at Poyang Lake. The 16S rRNA gene sequences of strains 4H37-19T and 3HC-13 shared highest identity to that of Corynebacterium uropygiale Iso10T (97.8%). Phylogenetic and phylogenomic analyses indicated that strains 4H37-19T and 3HC-13 formed an independent clade within genus Corynebacterium and clustered with Corynebacterium uropygiale Iso10T. The average nucleotide identity and digital DNA-DNA hybridization value between strains 4H37-19T and 3HC-13 and members within genus Corynebacterium were all below 95% and 70%, respectively. The genomic G + C content of strains 4H37-19T and 3HC-13 was 52.5%. Diphosphatidylglycerol (DPG), phosphatidylglycerol (PG), phosphatidylinositol (PI), phosphatidylcholine, and phosphatidyl inositol mannosides (PIM) were the major polar lipids, with C18:1ω9c, C16:0, and C18:0 as the major fatty acids, and MK-8 (H4), MK-8(H2), and MK-9(H2) as the predominant respiratory quinones. The major whole cell sugar was arabinose, and the cell wall included mycolic acids. The cell wall peptidoglycan contained meso-diaminopimelic acid (meso-DAP). The polyphasic taxonomic data shows that these two strains represent a novel species of the genus Corynebacterium, for which the name Corynebacterium poyangense sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain of Corynebacterium poyangense is 4H37-19T (=GDMCC 1.1738T = KACC 21671T).